Biomedical subjects

B Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to B Anderson.

490 records · Page 28Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Purification and quantities of immunoglobulins of rheumatoid synovial tissues.

Synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritic origin was incubateed with radio-labelled amino acids and the immunoglobulin fraction of the products isolated using either a diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-cellulose column or an affinity column of antihuman immunoglobulin coupled to Sepharose. The affinity column method provided a simple, one-step procedure for obtaining quantitative yields of substantially pure immunoglobulin. The elutions from the affinity columns utilized guanidine-HCl allowing the elutions to be performed quickly and under conditions which apparently did not denature the immunoglobulins except perhaps immunoglobulin M. Other solvent conditions for dissociating antibody-antigen complexes were shown to be not suitable and resulted in large volumes of eluates. The affinity columns could be reutilized many times without apparent loss of capacity to bind immunoglobulins.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Substance dependent American Indian veterans: a national evaluation.

Demographic, clinical, and treatment episode characteristics of 3,087 American Indian veterans discharged from Department of Veterans Affairs hospitals in fiscal year 1991 were examined. Substance use disorders were diagnosed in 46.3 percent of discharged American Indians, compared with 23.4 percent of discharged veterans overall. More than 97 percent of American Indian substance use diagnoses were for alcohol dependence, while rates of other drug use disorders were low. Substance dependent American Indians were younger, and more likely to be male and unmarried, than nondependent American Indians. Psychiatric disorders, particularly personality disorders, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorders, were more prevalent among American Indians diagnosed with substance use disorders, than among nondependent American Indians. American Indians with substance use disorders were similar demographically to the general population of substance dependent veterans. Rates of diagnosed psychiatric disorders and drug dependencies other than alcohol were lower among American Indians receiving substance (alcohol or drug) use diagnoses than among the general population of substance dependent veterans. Rates of rehospitalization following discharge were higher in substance-abusing American Indian veterans than among their counterparts. Potential explanations for these findings are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A Canadian nursing minimum data set: a major priority.

Through a selected review of existing hospital and health care minimum data sets in the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada, the authors expose the nursing data gaps in those data sets. Nurses in the United States have responded to these data gaps through the development of a Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS). The NMDS is a tool for abstracting a uniform collection of essential nursing data from the patient record usually at hospital discharge. The nursing care data elements in the NMDS include: nursing diagnosis, nursing intervention, nursing outcome, and intensity of nursing care. A major factor influencing the move to generate an NMDS in Canada is the response to the need to contain rising health care costs while maintaining quality health care. The NMDS has profound implications for nurses in all practice settings through use of these data in: costing of nursing services; defending resource allocation to nursing; defining nursing's contribution to patient care; defining outcomes of nursing care; developing nursing knowledge; and continued growth of nursing as a profession. Initiatives in Canada directed at the development of an NMDS indicate a heightened awareness of the need for the collection, storage and retrieval of nursing data. However, nurses in Canada have yet to define the essential nursing data elements for inclusion in a national health information system for use in Canada.

Canada↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The influence of the p53 codon 72 polymorphism on ovarian carcinogenesis and prognosis.

The frequency of dysfunction of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in cancer has made the concept of gene replacement therapy with wild-type p53 an attractive strategy. Codon 72 of the p53 gene is highly polymorphic with a reported arginine/proline allelotype frequency of 0.65/0.35 for Caucasians and a reversal of this ratio in African-Americans. Ovarian cancer is more common and less aggressive in Caucasians. The arginine and proline alleles have different biochemical properties. Thus, we have hypothesized that these alleles may also have different biologic properties that could make one superior to the other for gene replacement therapy. To test this hypothesis in vivo, we investigated the prevalence of each allelotype in a population of 190 Midwestern American women with ovarian cancer and 52 healthy controls without a family history of cancer. We have found that: (1) the heterozygous arginine/proline allelotype is more common in probands with borderline cancers than in probands with invasive cancers (P = .0001) or healthy controls (P = .005); (2) despite a survival advantage (P = .006), probands homozygous for the arginine allele developed ovarian cancer at an earlier age (P = .01); (3) the frequency of tumor p53 mutations was independent of the germline p53 allelotype, but (4) when a loss of heterozygosity occurred in probands with invasive disease, the proline allele was lost preferentially (P = .002), and (5) any tumor which retained a proline allele was more prone to mutation (P = .04) than a tumor without a proline allele. Our results suggest that variation in the p53 codon 72 allelotype is an example of an intermediate risk polymorphism which interacts with epigenetic factors to play a role in ovarian carcinogenesis and may differentially influence cellular DNA repair and apoptotic pathways. These findings may have important ramifications in the choice of wild-type p53 genotype for gene replacement therapy of ovarian cancer.

Adult↗