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Biomedical subjects

B Adams

Publications and source records attributed to B Adams.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The effect of substrates on the inter-domain interactions of the hinge-bending enzyme 3-phosphoglycerate kinase.

A hinge-bending mechanism has been proposed for phosphoglycerate kinase, in which the two domains bend about the connecting 'waist' region. In partially denaturing concentrations of guanidinium chloride the substrate 3-phosphoglycerate stabilises one domain against denaturation and destabilises the other. The reduction of mutual stabilisation of the two domains on binding substrate indicates a freeing of the hinge to allow the protein to take up other states rather than a directive mechanism. The stabilisation of both domains at higher concentrations of ATP at which the enzyme is inhibited supports this mechanism.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1986

Attainment of therapeutic fluoride levels in serum without major side effects using a slow-release preparation of sodium fluoride in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

The bioavailability, biochemical effects, and safety of a slow-release preparation of sodium fluoride were examined. In 8 normal volunteers, a single administration of slow-release sodium fluoride (25 mg) caused a slow rise and gradual decline in serum fluoride concentration, thus avoiding sharp peaks produced by a rapid-release preparation. In 37 patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis, serum fluoride concentration was kept within the "therapeutic window" (95-100 ng/ml) during long-term intermittent sodium fluoride (slow-release) therapy (25 mg twice/day, given for 3 months in each 5-month cycle over five cycles). Serum fluoride was also kept within the therapeutic window in 64 patients who took sodium fluoride (slow release) continuously over 12 months. Serum osteocalcin concentration increased progressively during fluoride treatment (correlation coefficient of 0.88, p less than .001 for the relationship between serum osteocalcin and duration of therapy). Side effects to slow-release sodium fluoride therapy, assessed in 101 patients at two study sites, were minor and included diarrhea in 2 patients, nausea in 2 patients, abdominal pain and cramping in 2 patients, foot pain in 2 patients, and joint pain in 6 patients. Thus, slow-release sodium fluoride confers desired level of fluoride in serum, while providing safety of usage.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

The influence of weekly training distance on fractional utilization of maximum aerobic capacity in marathon and ultramarathon runners.

This study was designed to examine the interrelationships between performance in endurance running events from 10 to 90 km, training volume 3-5 weeks prior to competition, and the fractional utilization of maximal aerobic capacity (%VO2max) during each of the events. Thirty male subjects underwent horizontal treadmill testing to determine their VO2max, and steady-state VO2 at specific speeds to allow for calculation of %VO2max sustained during competition. Runners were divided into groups of ten according to their weekly training distance (group A trained less than 60 km X week-1, group B 60 to 100 km X week-1, and group C more than 100 km X week-1). Runners training more than 100 km X week-1 had significantly faster running times (average 19.2%) in all events than did those training less than 100 km X week-1. VO2max or %VO2max sustained during competition was not different between groups. The faster running speed of the more trained runners, running at the same %VO2max during competition, was due to their superior running economy (19.9%). Thus all of the group differences in running performance could be explained on the basis of their differences in running economy. These findings suggest either that the main effect of training more than 100 km X week-1 may be to increase running economy, or that runners who train more than 100 km X week-1 may have inherited superior running economy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Use of a bogus pipeline method to increase accuracy of self-reported alcohol consumption among pregnant women.

Pregnant women (N = 220) attending urban maternity care clinics were randomly assigned to study groups to determine the effectiveness of a "bogus pipeline" method to increase the accuracy of behavioral self-reports of alcohol consumption. Results indicate a significant difference (p less than .025) between those who reported alcohol consumption and those who were told their behavioral self-report of alcohol consumption would be confirmed by a physiological test (bogus pipeline). Only 14% in the self-reported group said they currently used alcohol during pregnancy, whereas 27% in the bogus pipeline group reported consumption of alcohol during pregnancy. The results suggest that the use of the bogus pipeline may increase the accuracy of self-reported alcohol consumption data from a cohort of pregnant women.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The folding and mutual interaction of the domains of yeast 3-phosphoglycerate kinase.

Analysis of the reversible unfolding of yeast phosphoglycerate kinase leads to the conclusion that the two lobes are capable of folding independently, consistent with the presence of intermediates on the folding pathway with a single domain folded. The domains have different free energies of stabilisation. Immunological cross-reactivity, circular dichroism and thiol reactivity provide evidence for cyanogen bromide peptide 1-173, which comprises five-sixths of the N-terminal domain, containing sufficient information to refold into a native-like structure which dimerises.

Circular Dichroism↗
PubMed1985

Purification and characterization of a biliverdin-associated protein from the hemolymph of Manduca sexta.

A biliverdin binding protein, insecticyanin, has been isolated from the hemolymph of the fourth instar tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta. The protein has been purified to apparent homogeneity by conventional chromatography with a cumulative yield of 40-50%. The protein (Mw 71 600) is composed of three subunits (Mr 23 000). Each subunit binds one biliverdin molecule. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and absorption spectroscopy demonstrate that the bilin is the biliverdin IX gamma isomer.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

Have a health fair!

Have a Health Fair! It is an excellent mechanism for teaching health, disease prevention, and safety to young children. It also provides many benefits to parents, nurses, hospital staff and members of the community.

Child Health Services↗
PubMed1981

N2 atom of guanine and N6 atom of adenine residues as sites for covalent binding of metabolically activated 1'-hydroxysafrole to mouse liver DNA in vivo.

Administration of 1'-[2'-3'-3H]hydroxysafrole to adult female mice resulted in the formation of DNA-, ribosomal RNA-, and protein-bound adducts in the liver that reached maximum levels within 24 hr. The levels of all three macromolecule-bound adducts decreased rapidly between 1 and 3 days after injection, at which time the amounts of the DNA-bound adducts essentially plateaued at approximately 15% of the maximum level. The amounts of the protein and ribosomal RNA adducts were very low by 20 days. Comparison by high-performance liquid chromatography of the deoxyribonucleoside adducts obtained from the hepatic DNA with those formed by reaction of deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine with 1'-acetoxysafrole, 1'-hydroxysafrole-2',3'-oxide, and 1'-oxosafrole indicated that the four in vivo adducts studied were derived from an ester of 1'-hydroxysafrole. Three of the four in vivo adducts comigrated with adducts formed by reaction of 1'-acetoxysafrole with deoxyguanosine; the fourth adduct comigrated with the major product of the reaction of this ester with deoxyadenosine. Adduct formation in vivo at low levels by the other two electrophilic metabolites was not excluded. The three adducts obtained by reaction of 1'-acetoxysafrole with deoxyguanosine appeared to be substituted on the 2-amino group of the guanine residue on the basis of their partitions between aqueous buffer solutions and 1-butanol:ethyl ether as a function of pH and their retention of 3H from [8-3H]deoxyguanosine. The corresponding three adducts derived from the hepatic DNA of mice given 1'-[2',3'-3H]hydroxysafrole had pH partition patterns not significantly different from the three adducts formed in vitro. Adduct II was further characterized from its nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum as N2-(trans-isosafrol-3'-yl)deoxyguanosine. Adduct IV, derived from the reaction of 1'-acetoxysafrole with deoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate, was characterized in the same manner as N6-(trans-isosafrol-3'-yl)deoxyadenosine.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

John Laing Wood.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History of Medicine↗
PubMed1978

Management of teenage pregnancies in three different health care settings.

A retrospective study was undertaken to determine if differences existed in obstetric outcome, contraceptive usage, and repeat pregnancy rates of teenage patients cared for in three different health care settings. The sites included the Rochester Adolescent Maternity Project (RAMP), a traditional obstetric clinic, and a neighborhood health center. Comparison of the three groups revealed that RAMP patients experienced a lower incidence of anemia and preeclampsia than patients in the other programs. At one year postpartum, 25% of the hospital clinic patients were using contraception compared to 45% for the health center and 49% for RAMP patients, compared to 15.8% for the health center and 6.5% for the RAMP group.

Adolescent↗