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Biomedical subjects

B A Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to B A Wilson.

138 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Effects of O2 breathing on RQ, blood flow, and developed tension in in situ dog muscle.

The Vo2, VCO2, RQ, blood flow and developed tension of in situ dog gastrocnemius muscle were studied during contractions at 2.5 tw/sec for both normoxic and hyperoxic breathing conditions. Vo2 and developed tension were not significantly altered by the breathing gas changes. CaO2 rose by 11% during O2-breathing, however, a significant decrease of 15% in muscle blood flow resulted in no significant change in O2-transport (CaO2 X Q) to muscle comparing hyperoxia to normoxia. Hyperoxia resulted in a significant decrease in muscle VCO2 and RQ. The cause of the RQ change with breathing gas O2 content is not certain, however, evidence is presented indicating that infused epinephrine and propranolol can effect the response.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Trends in hospital necropsy rates: Scotland 1961-74.

Examination of mortality statistic for Scottish hospitals showed that from 1961 to 1974 necropsy rates fell by almost 0-6% a year; by 1974, the rate over the whole country was 23% of hospital deaths. The fall resulted from a reduction in the number of necropsies and a coincident rise in the number of number of deaths in hospital. The necropsy rate fell with increasing age, was rather lower for women than men, and was lower for some diseases than others. There were considerable inaccuracies in the figures from which these trands were drawn, and these were in turn due to inaccurate recording of clinical and necropsy data. Examination of necropsy returns from the Scottish teaching hospital departments showed that, while a similar fall in necropsy rates was seen in some, there was no consistent pattern.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Regulation of DNA synthesis: age-dependent cooperation among G1 cells upon fusion.

The object of this study was to determine whether the inducer(s) of DNA synthesis in mammalian cells accumulates gradually throughout the G1 period or becomes available suddenly at the G1-S transition. HeLa cells, synchronized at various points in the G1 period, were fused by using UV-inactivated Sendai virus. Early G1 cells were fused with mid-G1 or late G1 cells and late G1 cells were fused with mid-G1 cells. The G1 traverse of mono-, bi-, and trinucleated cells was studied. The bi- and trinucleated cells of mid-G1 and late G1 parents traversed the G1 period significantly faster than did their mononucleated counterparts. The reduction in the duration of the G1 period was proportional to the number and age of nuclei at the time of fusion. There was no significant difference between the mono- and binucleated cells of the early G1 parent in their rates of entry into S period. In light of these findings, a model is proposed in which the inducer(s) of DNA synthesis accumulates gradually throughout the G1 period, reaching a critical level at the G1-S boundary when DNA replication is initiated; after reaching a peak during early or mid-S period, it declines to below the critical level when DNA synthesis ceases.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1976

Phosphoglycerate mutase has essential arginyl residues.

Phosphoglycerate mutase is inactivated by butanedione in borate buffer. Inactivation by 0.13 mM reagent correlates with the modification of one arginyl residue per subunit, and is prevented by either 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate or 3-phosphoglycerate. With 0.50 mM butanedione, inactivation is accompanied by the modification of three arginyl residues per subunit, two of which are protected by the combined presence of cofactor and substrate.

2,3-Diphosphoglycerate↗
PubMed1975

Effects of hyperoxic gas mixtures on energy metabolism during prolonged work.

These experiments were designed to study selected respiratory and metabolic responses to exercise in hyperoxia. Four subjects were examined during 30-min bicycle ergometer rides at both 40% and 80% of their aerobic maximum. The VO2 was significantly increased at both work levels breathing 60% O2 versus 21% O2, while VCO2 showed no significant change during the 40% exercise tests but was significantly decreased during the 80% intensity rides. The average increase in the volume of O2 taken up during 30 min of hyperoxic exercise, compared with normoxia, was 3.3 liters at the 40% exercise level and 5.6 liters at the 80% level. Neither the magnitude of the O2 nor the CO2 storage calculated for the exercise bouts could explain these increases. Steady-state criteria for the gas stores were established by the stable values of PETCO2, VO2, VCO2, and VI from minute 6 through 30 at both work levels. R values decreased during the hyperoxic tests suggesting the possibility of a shift toward increased fatty acid metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Serial determination of cardiac output during prolonged work by a CO2-rebreathing technique.

Cardiac outputs were calculated on eight male college students while walking on a treadmill at controlled heart rate levels. The heart rate levels were maintained through the use of a heart rate controller (Quinton Model AI-607), standard deviations for heart rate in beats/min ranged from +/-2.1 at the heart rate level 110 to +/-3.2 at 170. Test-retest correlations of the cardiac output values at the various heart rate levels were: at heart rate 110, 0.66 after 7 min and 0.85 at 30 min; at heart rate 150, 0.92 after 7 min and 0.68 at 30 min; at heart rate 130, 0.97 after 7 min, and at heart rate 170, 0.85 after 7 min. The calculated cardiac output values when plotted against oxygen uptake compare favorably with published reports. The data collected demonstrate that the CO2-rebreathing method used in the present investigation provides a reliable bloodless technique for determining multiple cardiac output during prolonged work of varied intensities.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The development of new techniques in the assessment and monitoring of recovery from severe head injury: a preliminary report and case history.

The case of a 19-year-old male who sustained a severe brain injury is described. This patient was initially given a very gloomy prognosis, leading to poor expectations for recovery. Additionally, like many such patients in the United Kingdom, he was cared for by a ward team who were without specialized training in head injury rehabilitation. Despite these factors the patient went on to make a good recovery. The issues of specialized care and the need for more appropriate patient assessment procedures are raised. The MRC Head Injury Assessment Project is described.

Activities of Daily Living↗