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Biomedical subjects

B A Rhodes

Publications and source records attributed to B A Rhodes.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Technetium-99m labeling of murine monoclonal antibody fragments.

F(ab')2 fragments of several murine monoclonal antibodies have been labeled with 99mTc by a direct, pretinning method. The fragments were incubated with stannous ions overnight to split disulfide groups--a process which converts dimeric F(ab')2 to monomeric fragments. The pretinned fragments were then either directly labeled with 99mTc, frozen for subsequent labeling, or lyophilized to make kits for 99mTc-labeling at some later date. The 99mTc-labeled fragments were shown to be stable against transchelation when challenged with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, retained immunoreactivity, and were capable of binding to human tumor xenografts in nude mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Radioimmunoimaging of experimental thrombi in dogs using technetium-99m-labeled monoclonal antibody fragments reactive with human platelets.

Monoclonal antibody 50H.19, which reacts with human platelets, was converted to fragments, pretinned, and made into kits for subsequent radiolabeling with 99mTc. The antibody, which cross-reacts with dog platelets, was used to evaluate in vitro binding to blood clots and in vivo in experimental thrombi in dogs. After radiolabeling, 97.4 +/- 6.4% of the 99mTc was antibody-associated. The preparations retained immunoreactivity, as determined by: binding studies using whole blood and determining the ratio of cell-to-plasma radioactivity (ratios of 57.6-61.2) and binding of the antibody to clots (clot/serum ratios were 57.2-74.6%). Approximately 50% of the radioactivity was cleared from the blood in 3-6 min and 18-24% was excreted in urine within 3 hr. Experimental thrombi in dogs could be visualized consistently within 2-3 hr postinjection in peripheral veins and arteries, pulmonary arteries, and the right ventricle. In addition, damage to blood vessel intima without visible thrombi could also be detected. This method has the following advantages: short and simple pre-imaging preparation, and rapid visualization of thrombi with no need for blood-pool subtraction or delayed imaging.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Gamma scintigraphy using Tc-99m labeled antibody to human chorionic gonadotropin.

A case report is presented describing a 27-year-old woman with invasive trophoblastic hydatidiform mole metastatic to the lung. Gamma scintiscanning, using a polyclonal and monoclonal antibody specific to human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG, and labeled with Tc-99m, is described. The area of the primary lesion in the uterus was demonstrated with both antibodies tested without computer subtraction techniques; metastatic deposits in the lung were detected only with the aid of blood pool subtraction techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Characterization of a common antigen of colorectal and mucinous ovarian tumors, COTA.

A new colon cancer antigen is reported. It is designated as COTA, Colon-Ovarian Tumor Antigen, because it is found in mucins produced by both tissues during malignancy. The new antigen was identified by making antibodies against human colon cancer tissue in goats. The antisera were exhaustively absorbed with lyophilized extracts of normal colon, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, plasma, and the well-known colon tumor antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The new antigen was identified by immunodiffusion. Studies of 28 malignant tissue extracts, 10 ovarian adenocarcinoma cyst fluids, 43 normal tissues, and 5 plasma samples revealed that this antigen is found only in colon tumors and mucinous ovarian adenocarcinomas. The antigen was not detected in serous adenocarcinoma of the ovaries, extracts of adenocarcinoma of lung, breast, kidney or stomach nor in the extracts of normal tissues. Other tests show that this antigen is not CEA, Ca 19-9, or CSAp. It is stable to heating at 65 degrees for 5 minutes; it elutes from an ion exchange matrix (DEAE) with 0.3-0.5M NaCl; it migrates to the alpha-2 region on immunoelectrophoresis; and its size, by exclusion chromatography on Sepharose 4B, is 3-15 million daltons. Anti-COTA stains colon cancer tissue sections indicating that COTA is present in goblet-cell mucin.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Exercise lowers thyroid radioiodine uptake: concise communication.

The effect of exercise upon the uptake of radioiodine by the thyroid was examined in both rats and humans. Rats that exercised intermittently on a mechanical wheel for a period of 20 days had significantly lower uptake values (p < 0.0001) than sedentary controls. Human volunteers that ran at least ten miles/week had a lower mean 24-hr uptake value (8.0 +/- 2.8%) than nonexercising subjects (14.3 +/- 5.1%, p < 0.01). Other thyroid function studies (thyroxine, triiodothyronine, triiodothyronine resin uptake, thyroid-stimulating hormone) did not differ significantly between the exercising and nonexercising groups. These studies suggest that exercise significantly alters thyroid iodine economy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts in reconstructive arterial surgery. Preliminary report of the first 110 consecutive cases for limb salvage.

One hundred ten arterial reconstructions, including several new and extended bypasses, were performed with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts and were observed for three to 16 months. Patency rates were 100% with 15 bypasses to the femoral artery, 95% with 66 bypasses to the popliteal artery, and 76% with 29 bypasses to the arteries of the leg and foot. These encouraging preliminary results justify continued use and evaluation of PTFE as an arterial prosthesis.

Arteries↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of expanded polytetrafluroethylene and autologous saphenous vein grafts in high risk arterial reconstructions for limb salvage.

Polytetrafluoroethylene bypasses were used in a series of 56 reconstructions, to the popliteal artery in 45 instances or below in 11 instances. These were performed in high risk situations in patients who usually did not have a suitable saphenous vein. Autologous saphenous vein bypass grafts were performed in a comparable series of 56 high risk situations. The polytetrafluoroethylene reconstruction was patent at four to 14 months in 43 of 45 patients having femoropopliteal bypasses, with limb salvage in 39 of the 45. The saphenous vein bypass was patent at eight to 14 months in 39 of 45 patients having femoropopliteal reconstructions, with limb salvage in 36 of the 45. Distal--small vessel--bypass patency rates were similar for reconstructions with polytetrafluoroethylene and saphenous vein. No increase in the number of deaths or complications was observed in the polytetrafluoroethylene group, rather, a general reduction was noted in the operating time and in the incidence of wound complications. These results justify the continued use of polytetrafluoroethylene grafts in patients without saphenous veins who require arterial reconstructions of the lower extremity for limb salvage. The exact place of polytetrafluorethylene grafts in reconstructive surgery of arteries in the lower extremity awaits definition based upon longer periods of observation.

Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗