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Biomedical subjects

B A Price

Publications and source records attributed to B A Price.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Long-term renal effects of enalapril therapy in patients with renal insufficiency.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory therapy is widely used to treat hypertension. With long-term use, it is now being shown to have a beneficial effect on renal function and proteinuria in patients with renal insufficiency. When hypertensive patients with renal insufficiency are treated with enalapril, glomerular filtration rate is maintained, effective renal plasma flow is increased, and microalbuminuria and gross proteinuria are reduced. These beneficial renal changes with enalapril therapy differ from those of most other conventional antihypertensive medications. Clinical awareness of potential problems with hyperkalemia and increasing azotemia, particularly in the setting of salt/volume depletion, is important to assure optimal patient management. When these problems occur, they are nearly always reversible by correcting salt/volume status and/or interrupting enalapril therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Effect of exogenous somatostatin infusion on gastrointestinal blood flow and hormones in the conscious dog.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of intravenous somatostatin infusion on gastrointestinal blood flow and hormone release in conscious dogs. Gastric, duodenal, jejunal, and pancreatic blood flows, quantitated using radioactive microspheres, were significantly decreased during somatostatin infusion (200 and 500 ng/kg min), resulting in an overall 30% reduction in summed portal blood flow. Fasting blood levels of glucose fell an average of 10 mg/dl. Immunoreactive insulin, gastrin, glucagon, and pancreatic polypeptide were all profoundly suppressed by somatostatin infusion. Our studies provide one possible explanation for somatostatin's apparent effectiveness in the control of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The effect of somatostatin on central hemodynamics, renal blood flow, and renal function in dogs.

We investigated the effects of infusion of somatostatin (200 and 500 ng/kg/min) on central hemodynamics and renal blood flow measured with radioactive microspheres. At the lower dose infusion rate somatostatin did not alter any hemodynamic parameter, but at 500 ng/kg/min somatostatin caused minor transient bradycardia, lowered cardiac output, and increased peripheral resistance. Both infusions inhibited renal arterial flow, with decreases noted in both cortical and medullary components. The 20% fall in renal perfusion was confirmed by the hippurate clearance technique, and there was a corresponding 17% decrease in the glomerular filtration rate. In contrast, no changes were noted in urine output, urinary concentrations of sodium or potassium, or urine osmolarity. These hemodynamic and renal side effects might limit the therapeutic usefulness of somatostatin infusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Melanosis coli in a child of four years.

A case of melanosis coli in a girl of 4 years is described. The condition is usually considered a disease of the aging bowel. In this case there was a history of constipation, and anthracene abuse.

Anthracenes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Significance of pericellular lacunae in cell blocks of effusions.

A retrospective study was conducted to assess the usefulness of pericellular lacunae in cell block sections of serous effusions in diagnosis. From January to December 1988, 286 cell blocks were prepared in our laboratory from pleural, pericardial and peritoneal fluids; 62 of them were excluded from this study because of inadequate cellularity, diagnostic uncertainty or lack of a proteinaceous background. The remaining consisted of 148 benign effusions from 128 patients and 76 malignant effusions from 56 patients. A single specimen from each patient was selected and reviewed to assess the presence and number of pericellular lacunae and to determine the relationship of this feature to cell arrangement (single cells versus cell clusters). Pericellular lacunae were found in 42 (75%) of the malignant effusions as compared to 41 (32%) of benign specimens. In the majority of malignant cases with lacunae, this feature was associated with greater than two-thirds of the cells, whereas in benign cases, when present, it was seen in less than one-third of the cells. Neoplasms characterized by large cell clusters more frequently had lacunae than did those with small groups or single cells. Lacunae were not evident in cases of malignant melanoma and lymphoma. We conclude that although pericellular lacunae are more often associated with malignant cells, their presence in itself cannot be used as a reliable indicator of malignancy in body cavity fluids.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Internal neurolysis.

One hundred seventy-eight patients diagnosed with a lower extremity nerve compression syndrome were treated conservatively using orthopedic, medical, and physical therapy modalities. Eighty-two per cent of these patients improved and recovered, and required no further care. Eighteen per cent of these patients did not recover or experience significant improvement in their sensory or motor loss. This chronic group was treated by internal neurolysis. Ninety-five per cent of this chronic group treated by internal neurolysis improved. Only 5% did not have significant prolonged relief or improvement and eventually required excision of a sensory peripheral nerve. Internal neurolysis may not be indicated in those patients who suffer from transient sensory paresthesias; conservative care and/or an external peripheral nerve decompression may suffice. Internal neurolysis is indicated in those patients who have constant sensory aberations or motor loss from a chronic peripheral nerve compression syndrome or any other nerve lesion that has not responded well to conservative care or to an external nerve decompression procedure. Internal neurolysis, in addition to conservative care regimes presented here, has been found to be effective in reversing heretofore thought to be irreversible pain syndromes in the lower extremity even when significant atrophy has already occurred.

Foot Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pseudarthrosis of the radius associated with neurofibromatosis. A case report.

A seven-year-old-boy with neurofibromatosis developed pseudarthrosis of the radius. After treatment by external electrical stimulation of the forearm failed, the pseudarthrosis was excised and the proximal and distal ends of the radius were osteotomized. The bone segments were reversed to correct the deformity and to place bone adjacent to the pseudarthrosis in contact with normal bone. This operation has not been described previously for this condition and, as in all previous reports, failed to produce union. Surprisingly, the excised pseudarthrosis showed no histologic evidence of neurofibroma or impaired osteoblastic function. The surrounding soft tissues may play an important role in the establishment and maintenance of the condition.

Child↗