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Anne Tachet

Publications and source records attributed to Anne Tachet.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[When should a stool culture be done in adults with nosocomial diarrhea?].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic efficacy, cost and possible corrective measure of the indications for routine stool cultures in nosocomial diarrhoea in adults. METHODS: A retrospective study over a 10-month period of 660 standard stool cultures, 256 of which were conducted after the 3rd day of hospitalisation, conducted in 528 patients at the hospital centre in Pau. RESULTS: The positivity rate of the stool cultures was of 26/336 patients (7.7%), and of 37/404 examinations (9%) within the first three days of hospitalisation, versus 2/192 patients (1%) and 3/256 examinations (1%) after the 3rd day of hospitalisation (p<0.05). In 83 patients a stool culture was repeated, and was only positive in one patient with an initially negative culture. If a stool culture had not been performed after the 3rd day, 2 infections would not have been diagnosed (1 salmonella and 1 K. oxytoca) and 256 stool cultures could have been economised (estimated cost: 6,144 euro). Moreover, by eliminating repeated stool cultures, 3 infections would not have been diagnosed (2 salmonella, and 1 K. oxytoca) and 321 stool cultures would have been avoided (estimated cost: 7,704 euro). If the stool cultures had been conducted after the 3rd day of hospitalisation only in those aged over 64 with comorbidity, immunosuppression or within the context of an epidemic, no false negative would have been observed and 149 stool cultures would have been economised (estimated cost: 3,576 euro). The positivity rate of the search for C. difficile, only conducted on explicit request from the practitioners, was of 5/23 (22%) and 4/28 (14%) before and after the 3rd day of hospitalisation (non-significant difference). CONCLUSION: Restriction of standard stool cultures after the 3rd day of hospitalisation to patients aged over 64 with comorbidity, to the immunodepressed, and within an epidemic context would economise around 4,300 euro per month in a medium-sized general hospital. No systematic restriction should be applied to the search for C. difficile.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Assisted reproduction in HIV-1-serodifferent couples: the need for viral validation of processed semen.

BACKGROUND: Many HIV-infected men and women have a strong desire for a child. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are an option for HIV-serodifferent couples to reduce the risk of HIV transmission from an infected man to the woman. Potential HIV contamination of selected spermatozoa after semen processing is an important issue in this context. METHODS: HIV in processed semen obtained in our laboratory since 1995 were analysed. HIV RNA and DNA detection was performed in the selected spermatozoa of 125 men. HIV RNA was analysed in blood and semen plasma as well as HIV DNA in non-sperm cells. RESULTS: HIV RNA and DNA were detected in the selected spermatozoa of eight and two men (6.4% and 1.6%), respectively. HIV RNA was detected with a median load of 5 copies/10(6) spermatozoa. Six of the eight men were untreated, one was taking nucleoside analogue therapy and one was on highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). HIV RNA detection was more likely to be positive in selected spermatozoa of men with high seminal plasma viral load. HIV RNA was detected in 26% and 11% of selected spermatozoa fractions when the seminal plasma load was > 10,000 copies/ml and 20-10,000 copies/ml, respectively, but in none when the seminal plasma tested negative. CONCLUSION: Selected spermatozoa may be positive for HIV RNA detection even in treated patients. Viral validation of processed semen is necessary in ART programmes for serodifferent couples, particularly in men with only partially or poorly controlled HIV infection.

Anti-HIV Agents↗