[Percutaneous coronary intervention in unstable angina].
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Angina, Unstable↗
Biomedical subjects
Akira Itoh
Publications and source records attributed to Akira Itoh.
[Refractory unstable angina].
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Angina, Unstable↗
[Activities of antimicrobial agents against 8,474 clinical isolates obtained from 37 medical institutions during 2000 in Japan].
A survey was conducted to determine the antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobial agents against 8,474 clinical isolates obtained from 37 Japanese medical institutions in 2000. A total of 25 antimicrobial agents were used, comprising 4 fluoroquinolones, 13 beta-lactams, minocycline, chloramphenicol, clarithromycin, azithromycin, gentamicin, amikacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and vancomycin. A high resistance rate of over 85% against fluoroquinolones was exhibited by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Enterococcus faecium. Isolates showing resistance to fluoroquinolones among methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Enterococcus faecalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from UTI accounted for 30-60%. However, many of the common pathogens were still susceptible to fluoroquinolones, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae (including penicillin-resistant isolates), Streptococcus pyogenes, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Moraxella catarrhalis, the Enterobacteriaceae family, and Haemophilus influenzae (including ampicillin-resistant isolates). About 85% of P. aeruginosa isolated from RTI were susceptible to fluoroquinolones. In conclusion, this survey of sensitivity to antimicrobial agents clearly indicated trend for increasing resistance to fluoroquinolones among MRSA, Enterococci, and P. aeruginosa isolated from UTI, although fluoroquinolones are still effective against other organisms and P. aeruginosa from RTI as has been demonstrated in previous studies.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Neutrophil infiltration of culprit lesions in acute coronary syndromes.
BACKGROUND: Neutrophils in unstable atherosclerotic lesions have not received much consideration, despite accumulating evidence suggesting a link between systemic inflammation and acute coronary syndromes. METHODS AND RESULTS: Coronary artery segments were obtained at autopsy from 13 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI); 8 had a ruptured and 5 an eroded plaque. Patients (n=45) who had died of noncardiovascular diseases served as reference. Atherectomy specimens were obtained from 35 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and from 32 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Antibodies against CD66b, elastase, myeloperoxidase, and CD11b identified neutrophils; CD10 identified neutral endopeptidase (NEP). CD66b-positive and NEP-positive neutrophils were counted and expressed as a number per square millimeter of tissue. All specimens with plaque rupture or erosion showed distinct neutrophil infiltration; the number did not differ between ruptured and eroded plaques. However, the number of NEP-positive neutrophils was significantly higher (P<0.0001) in ruptured plaques than in eroded plaques. UAP patients showed neutrophils in 14 of 32 culprit lesions; in SAP only 2 of 35 lesions contained neutrophils. The number of neutrophils and NEP-positive cells in patients with UAP was significantly higher (neutrophils, P<0.0005; NEP-positive cells, P<0.005) than in patients with SAP. CONCLUSIONS: The observations suggest that neutrophil infiltration is actively associated with acute coronary events. The high number of NEP-positive neutrophils in ruptured plaques, compared with eroded plaques, may reflect differences in the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
Acute Disease↗
Contact urticaria due to polyethylene gloves.
We report a rare case of contact urticaria due to polyethylene gloves. The patient, a 46-year-old cook, had had had chronic urticaria since 1985, and first visited our hospital in June 2000. We began by prescribing antihistamine and antiallergenic drugs for him, but his condition did not improve. From a detailed interview, we established that when he put on polyethylene gloves at work, his condition worsened. We suspected some component of his gloves to be the cause of his symptoms. Prick and scratch tests with a solution extracted from his gloves showed a wheal-and-flare reaction at 15 min. We advised him to wear a cotton shirt under his clothes in daily life, and to put on cotton gloves under his polyethylene gloves while at work. Subsequently, the size and the number of wheals were markedly smaller and the subject's symptoms were reduced.
Chromatography, Gas↗
The correlation of protective effects and antibody production in immunized chickens with recombinant R7 vaccine against Leucocytozoon caulleryi.
Protective effects of recombinant R7 (rR7) vaccine against Leucocytozoon caulleryi in chickens were studied. After injection of oil-adjuvanted rR7 vaccine into chickens, antibody titers against second-generation schizonts (2GS) antigen of L. caulleryi (anti-2GS antibody) rapidly rose in all the immunized chickens, reached to a peak value 2 weeks after injection, and the titers persisted through 4 or 5 months after injection. Chickens having high levels of the anti-2GS antibody titers (> or = 102,400 ) at pre-challenge completely protected against sporozoites challenge of L. caulleryi. After the challenge inoculation, relatively high parasitemia of L. caulleryi was observed in all the inadequately immunized chickens having low levels of the antibody titers (< or = 3,200) at pre-challenge, although some of them seemed to be clinically normal. Correlation of protective effects in the immunized chickens was observed between both prevention of appearance of clinical signs and parasitemia after parasites challenge and anti-2GS antibody titers of the chickens at pre-challenge. The present study shows that chicken leucocytozoonosis can be prevented by vaccination, and humoral immunity may play an important role in the control of chicken leucocytozoonosis.
Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
Impact of diabetes on coronary stenosis and coronary artery calcification detected by electron-beam computed tomography in symptomatic patients.
OBJECTIVE: Ischemic heart disease is a pivotal complication for diabetic patients. Electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT) represents the only noninvasive method that allows for accurate quantification of coronary artery calcification that reflects underlying atherosclerotic disease. Although coronary calcium score (CCS) cut points that predict the presence of angiographic stenosis have been established in nondiabetic individuals, it is not known whether coronary calcifications in diabetic patients are associated with the presence of significant coronary stenoses. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between coronary calcifications and angiographic stenosis in symptomatic patients with or without type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In this study, 282 patients (204 men and 78 women) with chest pain, including 101 diabetic patients and 181 nondiabetic patients (mean age 63 +/- 9.6 years), underwent coronary angiography and EBCT with determination of CCS using Agatston's method. Luminal stenosis >or= 50% was defined as significant coronary stenosis. RESULTS: Angiography identified 205 patients with significant stenoses (89 of 101 diabetic patients, 114 of 181 nondiabetic patients). The sensitivity and specificity of EBCT to detect significant coronary stenosis were not significantly different between diabetic and nondiabetic patients. In diabetic patients, a CCS >or=90 was associated with 75% sensitivity and 75% specificity, whereas a CCS >or=200 was associated with 64% sensitivity and 83% specificity. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that calcification of the coronary arteries in symptomatic diabetic patients is well associated with severity of coronary stenosis, as in nondiabetic patients.
Adult↗