Images in cardiothoracic surgery. Persistent fifth aortic arch.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aorta, Thoracic↗
Biomedical subjects
Akihiro Mizuno
Publications and source records attributed to Akihiro Mizuno.
Characterization of low-acetic-acid-producing yeast isolated from 2-deoxyglucose-resistant mutants and its application to high-gravity brewing.
We isolated a mutant with low acetic acid and high ethanol productivities from 2-deoxyglucose-resistant mutants of brewers' yeast NCYC1245 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). To determine the mechanism for these properties in the mutant (2DGR19) during fermentation, gene expression and enzyme activity related to acetic acid and ethanol production were investigated. DNA microarray analysis revealed that the transcriptional levels of many genes involved in glycolysis were higher in 2DGR19 than in NCYC1245. Among these transcriptional levels of 2DGR19 relative to NCYC1245, the expression level of ADH4 encoding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was highest, which corresponded to the high ADH activity in 2DGR19. Quantitative PCR analysis also revealed that the transcriptional level of ADH4 was the highest among ADH1 to ADH4. Although no significant differences in the transcriptional levels of ALD2 to ALD6 encoding acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALD) between 2DGR19 and NCYC1245 were observed, ALD activity in 2DGR19 was lower. Using quantitative PCR analysis, ALD6 was found to be the most highly expressed among the ALD2 to ALD6 genes. These results indicate that ALD6 contributes to a low ALD activity, depending on post-transcriptional regulation. A high ADH activity appeared to be the major reason for the high ethanol productivity of 2DGR19. A low ALD activity was considered to be principally responsible for a low acetic acid productivity, although a high ADH activity also might have played a role. Beer brewed using 2DGR19 in pilot-scale high-gravity brewing contained about half as much acetic acid and 1.1% more ethanol compared with that brewed using NCYC1245. The use of 2DGR19 may overcome difficulties associated with high-gravity brewing.
Acetic Acid↗
[Comparison of results of a dental questionnaire between from randomly sampled residents and patients of dental clinics in the same city].
OBJECTIVES: The present study was undertaken to clarify the nature of sampling results with dental questionnaires between random sampling of subjects and of patients of dental clinics in the same city. METHODS: The first group comprised 900 subjects selected using the stratified random sampling based on different age groups. The sampling rate was set at 6.46% of the population database and the approach was a mail survey with random sampling. The second group comprised 240 subjects who were patients of 12 dental clinics. The questionnaire had a list of questions about oral health conditions, daily oral habits, daily activities and common eating habits. RESULTS: The response rates with the mailing method in the first group were 41.0% for male and 49.0% for female residents. The percentages who answered "Yes" to the questions, "Do you have gum swelling?" and "Have you ever received any instructions on tooth brushing from a professional?", were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than for patients from dental clinics. CONCLUSIONS: Dental patients had poor oral health habits and more oral diseases than residents, who visited dentists less frequently. It can be concluded that patients from dental clinics are inappropriate to use as samples to set a baseline for the general population in research evaluation of oral health.
Adult↗