The health and wealth of nations--coping with limited resources.
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Child Care↗
Biomedical subjects
Adolfo A Leirner
Publications and source records attributed to Adolfo A Leirner.
A new method for scoring active sweat glands.
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Biosensing Techniques↗
Echocardiographic assessment of global ventricular function using the myocardial performance index in rats with hypertrophy.
Myocardial hypertrophy is the hallmark of chronic pressure overload and the myocardial performance index (MPI) is an easily recordable measurement of Doppler time intervals. In this study, the utility of using MPI to assess the progression of hypertrophy in the aortic-banded rat model was evaluated. Male Wistar rats (70-90 g) underwent ascending aorta constriction (n = 4) or a sham operation (n = 5). High-resolution echocardiography was performed 4, 7, 10, and 12 weeks after the surgery. Over this follow-up interval, animals in the aortic-banded group demonstrated an increase in their mean left ventricular (LV) mass and MPI compared with controls. MPI reflects ventricular performance in small animals with LV hypertrophy, showing alterations early after aorta constriction.
Animals↗
Comparison of pH-stat versus Alpha-stat during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in the prevention and control of acidosis in cardiac surgery.
OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of blood-gas management using either alpha-stat (temperature-uncorrected blood-gas management) or pH-stat (temperature-corrected blood-gas management) strategies, 30 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery allocated randomly to either one of the approaches were studied. Acid-base balance, tissue oxygenation, and biochemical parameters were measured at distinct times: before bypass, after 15 min of hypothermia at 32 degrees C, after 45 min of hypothermia at 32 degrees C, after 15 min of rewarming at 37 degrees C, and 45 min after the end of bypass in normothermic conditions. RESULTS: The groups were similar with regard to physical characteristics, physiological parameters, and bypass time. In the pH-stat group, CO2 administered with the aim of correcting pH for the patients hypothermic temperature caused a significant increase in temperature-uncorrected PaCO2 and a decrease in arterial temperature-uncorrected pH at 45 min. During the rewarming period and following bypass, the pH was lower and PaCO2 higher in the pH-stat group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: It was found that during the rewarming period and following bypass, the resulting acidosis caused by the procedure was less in the alpha-stat group. It was found that there were no difference between the two groups, with regard to tissue perfusion, as is seen by the tissue oxygenation parameters and lactic acid concentration.
Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
Experimental comparison of electrodes for intracavitary cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: effectiveness and safety of a new electrode.
UNLABELLED: The right atrium (RA)-external thorax (ET) arrangement has several advantages when used for intracavitary cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF): it utilizes a single catheter, the procedure does not need radioscopic follow-up, little endovascular contact results, and there is flexibility in the positioning of the ET electrode. However it is not commonly used and only scantly studied. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate experimentally in animals the efficacy and safety of a new loop electrode placed in the RA in the RA-ET arrangement and to compare it with the RA-pulmonary artery (PA) configuration. METHOD: Ten mongrel dogs with acute induced AF are to be cardioverted with the two arrangements, using increasing levels of energy and its efficacy compared. If lesions show up in the anatomic pathology, a complementary study with three animals will be carried out to assess its origin. RESULTS: The average energy needed for cardioversion was similar in the two arrangements (P = 0.86). Myocardial lesions found were not attributable to the new electrode but supposedly to the AF induction catheter. CONCLUSION: The new electrode model is effective and safe, besides being easy to use and of low cost.
Animals↗
Public health: developing country perspectives.
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Biomedical Research↗
Glutaraldehyde-treated bovine pericardium: effects of lyophilization on cytotoxicity and residual aldehydes.
This work assesses the effect of lyophilization on the cytotoxicity and residual aldehyde concentration of glutaraldehyde-treated and lyophilized bovine pericardium (group A), comparing it to conventional glutaraldehyde-treated bovine pericardium (group B). Cytotoxicity was measured by incubating a pericardium sample from each group in saline and assessing the eluant's influence on cellular growth. Residual aldehydes were measured by HPLC. Although both groups' eluants exhibited some cytotoxicity, the eluant from group A was less cytotoxic, with a cytotoxicity index (IC50(%)) of 41%. Group B eluants all had marked cytotoxic effects; cell growth was 24.15% of the negative control at the most dilute eluant concentration (6.25%). The mean residual glutaraldehyde level was less in group A than in group B (2.36 +/- 0.11 and 9.90 +/- 3.70 g/l, respectively; n=3, P < 0.05), but residual formaldehyde levels did not differ. These results demonstrate that compared with conventional glutaraldehyde-treated bovine pericardium, lyophilized pericardium is less cytotoxic, with fewer glutaraldehyde residues.
Aldehydes↗
Noninvasive assessment of hemodynamic parameters in experimental stenosis of the ascending aorta.
We sought to noninvasively evaluate left ventricular (LV) function after cardiac hypertrophy induced by experimental stenosis of the ascending aorta. Male Wistar rats (70-90 g) underwent ascending aorta constriction by the surgical placement of a titanium clip (n=5) or sham operation (n=6). High-resolution bidimensional, pulsed-wave Doppler (PWD) and pulsed-wave tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) were performed 22 weeks after surgery. PWD was used to obtain mitral flow velocities, and TDI was used to obtain velocities along the septal mitral annulus and LV posterior wall. Clip placement produced myocardial hypertrophy with decreased systolic myocardial peak velocity in both the long and short axes. Increased myocardial mass, that is, posterior wall and septal thickness, was indicative of ventricular remodeling. Diastolic dysfunction was observed, with an increased early to late ratio of mitral velocities and increased left atrium dimension, consistent with a left ventricular restrictive filling pattern.
Animals↗