Biomedical subjects

Abel Plaza-Florido

Publications and source records attributed to Abel Plaza-Florido.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Moderate alcohol intake and heart rate variability adaptations to high-intensity interval training in healthy young adults: the BEER-HIIT study.

BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether daily alcohol consumption influences training effects on heart rate variability (HRV). This study investigated: (i) the effects of a 10-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on HRV in healthy young adults; and (ii) the effects of daily alcohol consumption on HRV responses to exercise. METHODS: 71 healthy young adults (18-40 years old; 52.1% women) participated in the BEER-HIIT study. We conducted a 10-week (2 days/week) controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03660579). Participants were allocated to 5 groups: a non-training group (N-T) and four HIIT groups. Participants in the training groups chose whether to consume alcohol. Those choosing alcohol were randomly allocated to receive beer (5.4%; T-Beer) or an equivalent amount of alcohol (vodka; T-Ethanol) in sparkling water. Those choosing no alcohol were randomly allocated to receive alcohol-free beer (0.0%; T-Zero) or sparkling water (T-Water). Training comprised eight weight-bearing exercises performed in circuit form. HRV was measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS: No statistically significant between-group differences in HRV outcomes were detected after the intervention (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that: (i) no statistically significant differences in HRV responses were detected following a 10-week HIIT program using weight-bearing exercises performed twice per week; and (ii) no statistically significant differences in HRV responses were observed among the assigned beverage intervention groups. These findings should be interpreted cautiously because HRV was a secondary outcome and the study was not specifically powered to detect differences in these parameters.

alcohol↗

PubMed2026

Endurance training attenuates acute exercise-induced monocyte transcriptomic responses in adolescents: sex-specific molecular adaptations.

Circulating monocytes contribute to atherogenesis and vascular dysfunction. Although clinical cardiovascular disease presents in adulthood, its biological origins often begin in youth and differ substantially between females and males. Twelve males and nine females (13-17 yr) completed an acute exercise protocol consisting of 10, 2-min cycling bouts at 70% of maximal work rate interspersed with 1-min rest intervals, performed before and after an 8-wk supervised endurance training intervention with brief supplementary strength work (60 min/session, 3 sessions/wk). Blood was collected before and immediately after each exercise challenge. Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated, and whole transcriptome RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed. Before training, acute exercise induced a markedly greater monocyte transcriptomic response in females compared with males [5,135 vs. 567 differentially expressed transcripts, false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.1]. Pathway analyses identified vascular function-related pathways in males, whereas females showed enrichment of pathways related to adipose tissue cross talk and oxidative metabolism. Following training, the acute transcriptomic response was markedly attenuated in both sexes (165 transcripts in males and 94 in females, FDR < 0.1), representing an ∼98% reduction in females and a ∼70% reduction in males relative to pre-training responses. These findings reveal sex-specific monocyte responses to acute exercise in youth and suggest that endurance exercise alters immune transcriptional responsiveness in pathways relevant to vascular and cardiovascular health.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Acute exercise induced a markedly greater monocyte transcriptomic response in female adolescents than in males. Females showed activation of pathways related to adipose tissue signaling and oxidative metabolism, whereas males exhibited vascular-function pathways. Following exercise training, the monocyte transcriptomic response to acute exercise was substantially attenuated in both sexes. These findings identify sex-specific immune transcriptional responses to exercise during adolescence with potential implications for cardiovascular health.

Humans↗

PubMed2025

Tumor Signatures of Physical Fitness: Insights from a Preclinical Model.

PURPOSE: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscle strength are associated with cancer risk/mortality in adults. However, there is yet no evidence for pediatric tumors. This study investigated the association of CRF and muscle strength with several tumor-related phenotypes in an aggressive childhood malignancy, high-risk neuroblastoma. METHODS: Twelve mice-bearing orthotopic high-risk neuroblastomas were studied. CRF and muscle strength were assessed using treadmill and grip strength testing, respectively. The following tumor-related outcomes were studied: survival, clinical severity, tumor weight/volume, metastasis, and intratumor immune infiltrates. In addition, tumor samples underwent quantitative proteomic analysis via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Spearman correlations (or logistic regression) were performed between CRF/muscle strength and the abovementioned variables. Proteins that were significantly correlated with CRF or muscle strength were mapped into protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database. RESULTS: CRF was inversely correlated with clinical severity score ( r = -0.657, P = 0.020). Of 6840 identified tumor proteins, 76 correlated significantly with CRF (19 positively, 57 negatively), whereas 194 correlated with muscle strength (97 positively, 97 negatively). Proteins correlated with CRF were primarily involved in metabolic and structural pathways, including angiotensinogen and elastin. In turn, muscle strength-associated proteins were more abundant and included keratin family proteins (e.g., keratin, type I cytoskeletal 14, and type II cytoskeletal 5), proteins involved in cell adhesion (e.g., desmoglein-1-alpha), and translational regulators (e.g., eukaryotic initiation factor 4A). Network analysis revealed significant enrichment in structural organization and cellular adhesion pathways. CONCLUSIONS: Besides the association of CRF with clinical severity of the tumor, distinct novel tumor proteomic signatures associated with CRF and muscle strength were identified, highlighting potential mechanisms linking physical fitness with childhood cancer biology.

Muscle Strength↗

PubMed2024

Acute physical exercise and ambulatory blood pressure in resistant hypertension.

OBJECTIVES: The effects of acute physical exercise in patients with resistant hypertension remain largely unexplored compared with hypertensive patients in general. We assessed the short-term effects of acute moderate-intensity (MICE) and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on the clinic (BP) and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) of patients with resistant hypertension. METHODS: Using a crossover randomized controlled design, 10 participants (56 ± 7 years) with resistant hypertension performed three experimental sessions: MICE, HIIE, and control. MICE consisted of continuous treadmill exercise at an intensity of 3-4 metabolic equivalents of energy (METs) until completing 3 kcal/kg and was energy-matched to HIIE (which included six to eight intervals of 3 min duration at 6-7 METs interspersed with 1.5-min rests at 3 METs). In the control session, participants remained seated for 50 min. Flow-mediated vasodilation, autonomic nervous system balance (heart rate variability), exerkines [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-15, vascular endothelial growth factor A, irisin, adiponectin, and angiopoietin] and 71 inflammatory-related proteins were also measured. RESULTS: Compared with baseline, HIIE and MICE reduced clinic SBP immediately ( P  < 0.001 for both) and 90 min ( P  = 0.001 and P  = 0.041, respectively) postexercise. HIIE and MICE also reduced clinic DBP immediately postexercise ( P  = 0.003 and P  = 0.025). By contrast, no changes were found in the control session. On the other hand, no significant effects were noted for 24 h ABP measures or for the rest of variables. CONCLUSION: Although in patients with resistant hypertension, acute aerobic exercise induces short-term reductions in clinic BP, this stimulus does not suffice to reduce 24 h ABP or to impact on potential biological mechanisms.

Humans↗