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Biomedical subjects

A van Dijk

Publications and source records attributed to A van Dijk.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Reduced cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity with preservation of antitumor activity of doxorubicin entrapped in stable liposomes in the LOU/M Wsl rat.

LOU M/Wsl rats inoculated s.c. with 10(4) immunoglobulin immunocytoma cells have a palpable tumor at Day 17. Doxorubicin (DXR) has been entrapped in negatively charged liposomes (lip- DXR) composed of egg phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and phosphatidylserine and in positively charged liposomes (lip+ DXR) composed of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and stearylamine. DXR, lip- DXR, and lip+ DXR were administered i.v. (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg) at Day 17 for 5 consecutive days and then weekly. Control animals showed progressive tumor growth leading to death 27 days after inoculation. Antitumor activity for all three preparations was dose dependent. DXR and lip- DXR showed the same antitumor activity; lip+ DXR had less antitumor activity. The overall survival of tumor-bearing animals treated with 2.0-mg/kg lip- DXR was significantly prolonged (p less than 0.05) in comparison to the animals treated with 2.0-mg/kg free DXR. Grade III cardiomyopathy was observed 47 days after treatment with free DXR; treatment with lip- DXR resulted in Grade I cardiomyopathy. In animals treated with 1.0-mg/kg and 2.0-mg/kg free DXR urinary albumin concentrations of 10 g/liter were observed. Treatment with 1.0-mg/kg lip- DXR and 1.0-mg/kg lip+ DXR resulted in urinary albumin concentration of less than 3.0 and less than 1.0 g/liter, respectively. Free DXR, 1.0 mg/kg, resulted in a decline of serum albumin concentration from 27.8 +/- 3.2 g/liter to 9.6 +/- 4.2 g/liter. No such decline was observed after treatment with lip- DXR and lip+ DXR. Treatment with a 1.0-mg/kg dose of free DXR resulted in severe glomerular and tubular lesions which were not found after treatment with 1.0-mg/kg lip- DXR and 1.0 mg/kg lip+ DXR. Administration of lip- DXR resulted in lower DXR levels in cardiac and renal tissue compared to administration of free DXR. After administration of lip+ DXR, very low tissue and tumor DXR levels were found. In conclusion, treatment with lip- DXR or lip+ DXR resulted in a prolonged survival, less albuminuria, and higher serum albumin levels. Also, fewer lesions in heart and kidney were found, correlating with lower DXR levels in these organs. Only lip- DXR had the same antitumor effect as free DXR.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A case of acebutolol intoxication.

A case of a nonfatal acebutolol intoxication in a 15 year old female is described. Ingestion of 7600 mg acebutolol resulted in a plasma acebutolol concentration of 15 mg/1 one hour after ingestion. The patient remained conscious, had a severe hypotension and the electrocardiogram showed a 1st degree AV-block and severe intraventricular conduction disturbances at a rate of 70 bpm. After the administration of calcium gluconate and plasma the blood pressure gradually increased to normal values in 2 hours time. Plasma halflife of acebutolol was 8 hours. Pathophysiology of acebutolol intoxication is discussed.

Acebutolol↗
PubMed1983

Coma and crystalluria: a massive primidone intoxication treated with haemoperfusion.

The present paper describes a patient who was in danger of dying from a massive primidone overdose. She was comatose, hypotensive and in acute renal failure with crystalluria. Because of her clinical condition and high plasma primidone level (209 mg/l) haemoperfusion was instituted. Both the calculated drug clearances and the remarkable improvement in the patient's clinical condition suggest that haemoperfusion was very effective.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Paraquat poisoning in man.

In three cases of intoxication by Gramoxone¿, the concentration of paraquat dichloride in blood, dialysate, feces, and urine was determined spectrophotometrically after a clean-up of the biological material by means of ion exchange chromatography (with Dowex 50W-X12 or Zeo-Karb 225). Although good results were obtained after clean-up with Dowex 50W-X12, Zeo-Karb was preferred as ion exchange resin, especially when large sample volumes were needed for the determination. The reported findings indicate that: only 5 to 10% of an ingested dose of paraquat dichloride is absorbed in man, Fullers' earth is very useful, and that primary, e.g. immediate, hemodialysis is necessary.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Luminal preservation of rat small intestine with University of Wisconsin or Celsior solution.

AIMS: Luminal administration of a preservation solution that prevents mucosal injury may decrease posttransplant complications. However, luminal administration of University of Wisconsin solution (UW) is controversial. In this study, we examined the potential of Celsior as a luminal small bowel preservation solution in comparison to UW or UW enriched with glutamine. METHODS: Small bowels of six normal WagRij rats were excised and divided into six equal segments. Each segment was luminally flushed with 10 mL ice-cold UW, UW with glutamine (20 g/L) or Celsior, and stored for 0, 2.5, and 24 hours at 4 degrees C. LDH, glucose, and lactate concentrations were determined in the preservation solutions. Histologic changes were determined using the Park score. RESULTS: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was increased in all solutions after 2.5- and after 24-hour preservation. However, LDH was lower in Celsior than UW and UW with glutamine. Furthermore, higher glucose and lactate levels were found after 2.5- and 24-hour preservation in UW and UW with glutamine compared to Celsior. Histologically, jejunal segments were more susceptible to preservation than ileal segments, irrespective of the preservation solution used. Mucosal injury was evident after 2.5 hours (Park Scale 0-3) and increased significantly after 24 hours (park scale 3-6). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the lower glucose, lactate, and LDH levels in small intestines stored in Celsior, this study suggests that Celsior is a better luminal preservation solution than UW. Unfortunately, histological evaluations still show severe mucosal injury, indicating that there is a need for better luminal preservation solutions or for concomittant intravascular delivery of a preservation solution.

Adenosine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cyclosporin and the rat thymus. An immunohistochemical study.

We studied the effect of Cyclosporin A on the thymus in rats. A daily subcutaneous injection of Cyclosporin A at a dose of 45 mg/kg body weight in young adult rats resulted in a 100% mortality within two weeks. Daily administration of 15 mg/kg for two weeks was well tolerated. Rats treated at this dose showed whole blood Cyclosporin concentrations around 6 mg/l. The thymus immediately after treatment showed the almost complete disappearance of the medulla, including the microenvironment made by medulla-type epithelium, interdigitating dendritic cells defined by their expression of MHC class II antigen, and lymphocytes with a mature T-cell phenotype. After discontinuation of Cyclosporin treatment, a rapid recovery occurred, with the reappearance of medulla areas after 2 weeks. These areas differed from the normal medulla by the absence of medulla-type epithelium. This cell population recovered in its normal location in about 4 weeks. The reappearance of medullary interdigitating cells was associated with reappearance of lymphocytes with a mature T-cell phenotype. In the regenerating thymus "holes" in the microenvironment were observed that lacked epithelium and interdigitating cells, and that were filled by lymphocytes with an immature cortex phenotype. Peripheral lymphoid organs, of which the spleen was studied in more detail, did not manifest changes in lymphoid and stromal components. Target organs for syngeneic graft-versus-host disease, as described under special conditions after Cyclosporin treatment, did not show any histologic abnormality. The changes in thymus (immuno)histology may be associated with changes in shaping the T-cell repertoire: but, clinical manifestations of such changes require special experimental conditions.

Animals↗