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Biomedical subjects

A Zouaoui

Publications and source records attributed to A Zouaoui.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Cerebral venous sinuses: anatomical variants or thrombosis?

Anatomical variations of the posterosuperior dural venous sinuses and, in particular, the absence or hypoplasia of one of them has been described in several studies. However, no recent detailed analysis on the subject exists. Cerebral venous thrombosis is quite often evoked, although rarely confirmed, when the physician is faced with patients having various neurological problems. In fact, for a number of cases the image interpreted as thrombosis is nothing but the total or partial absence of a dural sinus. It was considered of interest to undertake an anatomical study in order to define these variations. The results of anatomoradiological investigations of 70 fresh cadavers were compared to those obtained by angiographic examination of 100 patients not suffering from any kind of venous pathology (patients explored angiographically for glioma, meningioma or aneurysm). Our conclusions and a review of the embryology literature enabled us to demonstrate that a number of radiological findings, quite often considered pathognomonic of venous thrombosis (i.e. 'delta sign'), are in fact the result of anatomical variations.

Cerebral Veins↗
PubMed1987

[The cervical vertebral venous plexus and anastomoses with the cranial venous sinuses].

Despite Breschet's detailed description of the vertebral venous system in 1819, it was only in 1940, that Batson demonstrated the preponderant role it plays in the propagation of metastatic carcinomatosis, infection or gas emboli. Although many authors were interested by Batson's theories, but nobody argued on Breschet anatomical description. In their effort to study the role of the venous system in encephalic blood drainage, the authors were confronted with anatomical constatations which differed considerably from the initial descriptions. They also evidenced the existing anatomoses between the cerebral venous sinuses and the vertebral venous system. These anastomoses being the hypoglossal plexus and condylary vein. The emissary veins, if they existing during embryogenesis, most rapidly atrophy to completely disappear in adult.

Cranial Sinuses↗
PubMed1986

Aneurysm of the circle of Willis. Comparison between computed tomography and angiography.

The authors report their experience in 13 patients with unruptured non-giant aneurysms diagnosed at computed tomography (CT), who were without clinical deficits but who complained of chronic headache or cranial nerve palsy and had other members in their families with a cerebral vascular malformation. Screening with contrast-enhanced CT is discussed with respect to certain social groups. Surgical management before rupture of aneurysms could be envisaged in view of the bad prognosis when rupture has occurred.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1986

Examination of epidural tumors of the spinal canal. Comparative study with magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and tomo-myelography.

To delimit the vertical extension of epidural tumors of the spinal canal, tomo-myelography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the most accurate examinations, MRI appearing to us to be even superior to tomo-myelography. To evaluate precisely the bone extension of tumor growth as compared with the epidural lesions, computed tomography (CT) is more accurate than the other methods mentioned. The choice between these three techniques is of great importance as an aid in selection the best therapeutic method in each particular case.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Computed tomographic examination in orbitofacial injuries].

Eighty patients with craniofacial injuries were investigated using a CT scan apparatus of the second generation. The advantages of this examination over conventional methods of exploration are discussed and details provided of projections used. Conventional tomography imaging has now been completely abandoned.

Facial Injuries↗
PubMed1980

Vasomotor origin of intracranial pressure waves in hydrocephalic infants.

By measuring cerebral blood volume (CBV) and intracranial pressure (ICP) variations at the same running time during sleep, it has been demonstrated that the ICP wave which appears during the REM sleep in hydrocephalic infants is produced by intracerebral vaso-dilatation. Nine infants with stabilized hydrocephalus were investigated by non-invasive means: REM phases were distinguished with the usual polysomnographic electrodes. Intracranial pressure was measured with a fontanel palpation transducer and CBV variations were obtained by recording 99mTc activity at the head level after in vivo labelling of red cells with 99mTc--pertechnetate. The time-activity curves, obtained from regions of interest and selected on the sequential radioisotope images, show that an increased ICP wave, occurring during the REM period, is related to a simultaneous increase in the blood volume, limited to the cerebral sector and not to the area of the external carotid artery.

Blood Volume↗
PubMed1980

[Neurological complications of hemophilia in children (author's transl)].

Although the treatment of hemophilia has greatly improved, the disease is still sometimes responsible for neurological or neurosurgical disorders. Such disorders were observed in the department of Neurosurgery at the "Hopital des ENFANTS MALADES' in twelve hemophiliacs, five of them having antifactor antibodies. Four main points results from this study: 1) A traumatic etiology was found only in one third of the cases. 2) CT Scan is the main investigation since it allows to find out what cases should be operated upon. The ratio of neurosurgical cases varies from one statistic to another from 40% to 70%. 3) The frequency of neurological disorders is correlated with the importance of the deficit in antihemophilic factors, which is usually less than 1%. 4) The death rate in this series was nil. Hemophiliacs without antifactor antibodies should receive a substitutive treatment as soon as possible. However, in hemophiliacs with antifactor antibodies, this treatment should only be given when surgery is required.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1979

A new surgical approach to the third ventricle with interruption of the striothalamic vein.

In the removal of tumours that develop within the third ventricle, most approaches are not entirely satisfactory. Therefore, a new approach has been devised: transfrontal exposure of the anterior portion of the frontal horn; coagulation and section of the striothalamic vein in order to open up the roof of the third ventricle; use of a blunt spatula introduced in the foramen of Monro and pushed backwards under the choroïd plexus. This approach has been used in ten cases. Postoperative mortality has been nil; the surgical approach has not apparently been responsible for any sequelae. It is simple and gives a good view of the third ventricle.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sleep polygraphy with recording of intracranial pressure and measure of cerebral blood volume in hydrocephalic infants (author's transl)].

This study was carried with the intention of explaining the causes of modifications in intracranial pressure (ICP) during paradoxical sleep (PS) in normal and hydrocephalic infants, and establishing relationships between these modifications and cerebral blood volume (CBV). All tests (conventional sleep polygraphy, ICP measured by a transducer on the fontanel, CBV measured by isotopic labelling of red blood cells in vivo) were carried out without use of surgical procedures. During paradoxical sleep there was a sustained wave of increased intracranial pressure lasting from 10 to 20 minutes, as well as phase-type variations lasting no longer than 1 minute. Increased ICP was also observed in the normal subjects. Recordings show that there is well-defined correlation between the sustained wave of high intracranial pressure and an increase in CBV.

Blood Volume↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intracranial extension of an idiopathic orbital inflammatory pseudotumor.

Idiopathic orbital inflammatory pseudotumor (IOIP) with endocranial extension is very unusual. The authors used CT and MR to diagnose IOIP and demonstrate the presence of intracranial extension of orbital and lacrimal gland lesions. While providing additional evidence of IOIP having intracranial extension, this case report emphasizes the need to include IOIP as a possible differential diagnosis when radiologic explorations reveal lesions extending from the orbit to intracranial structures.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR determination of hippocampal volume: comparison of three methods.

PURPOSE: To determine whether measurements of the volume of the hippocampal formation obtained from a three-dimensional acquisition not perpendicular to the hippocampus are statistically different from those obtained from a perpendicular acquisition. METHODS: Both hippocampi were studied in 10 healthy volunteers with two three-dimensional acquisitions, allowing three different volume-calculation protocols: (a) on sections from a coronal 3-D acquisition not perpendicular to the axis of the hippocampal formation (NOPERP protocol), (b) on sections obtained with the same acquisition but reformatted perpendicular to the axis of the hippocampal formation (REFOR protocol), and (c) on sections from a coronal 3-D acquisition perpendicular to the axis of the hippocampal formation (PERP protocol) obtained with the patient's head tilted backward. To obtain measurements of the volume of the hippocampal formations, an accurate 3-D processing technique was used to segment the hippocampus. In all subjects, two hippocampal formation right-left asymmetry indexes were calculated by using each of the three protocols. RESULTS: For the right hippocampus, the mean volume was 3.42 cm3 (NOPERP protocol), 4.18 cm3 (REFOR protocol), and 3.91 cm3 (PERP protocol). For the left hippocampus, the mean volume was 3.29 cm3 (NOPERP protocol), 4.02 cm3 (REFOR protocol), and 3.74 cm3 (PERP protocol). For both hippocampi, the differences of the mean volumes were significant between each protocol. However, for both hippocampi, a high correlation was observed between volumes obtained with the different protocols. For the two asymmetry indexes, there were no significant differences for the means obtained with the three protocols. CONCLUSION: With the use of 3-D acquisitions in the study of hippocampal formation biometry, different procedures lead to significant variations in the absolute values of the volume of the hippocampal formation. However, there is a strong correlation between the results obtained by each method.

Adult↗