Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Zemtsov.
This is the first literature report on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of cutaneous melanocytic or any other type of skin lesions. Good resolution, clinically useful MRI scans of a congenital nevus and a metastatic melanoma to the skin are presented. The potential usefulness of MRI technique to physicians dealing with cutaneous disease is discussed.
The first application of human in vivo phosphorus (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy to analysis of skin metabolism is presented. Our results confirm that phosphocreatine is a major energy phosphometabolite in human skin. Human in vivo 31P spectroscopy utilizing a skin coil designed in our laboratory can have clinical applications in cutaneous surgery and clinical dermatology, and will facilitate understanding of the pathophysiology of skin disease. In vitro experiments with fresh human skin indicate that complete utilization of phosphocreatine is followed by utilization of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules during ischemia. These experiments also suggest that the majority of phosphocreatine in human skin is localized in epidermal and papillary dermis.
Oral melanoacanthoma is a rarely-reported, benign pigmented lesion of oral mucosa. Spongiosis was only recently mentioned as a light-microscopical finding occasionally seen in oral melanoacanthoma, and the formation of spongiotic intraepithelial vesicles to our knowledge has never been reported. The authors discuss a case of a 34-year-old, black woman who acutely developed extensive hyperpigmented oral lesions which on the biopsy showed both intraepithelial dendritic melanocytes and severe spongiosis forming intraepithelial vesicles. These lesions resolved spontaneously in a few months which led the authors to believe that the term melanoacanthoma, implying that it is a tumor, is a misnomer. This report supports findings of other investigators who consider oral melanoacanthoma to be a mucositis with unusual proliferation of dendritic melanocytes in the epidermis.
Production of interferon (IFN)-gamma by peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) was examined in cultures of unseparated fresh whole blood exposed to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), or pokeweed mitogen (PWM). The yield of IFN-gamma was measured by a newly developed immunoradiometric assay. Nine of 14 patients with acute pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) showed a depressed IFN-gamma response to Con A and/or PWM. Only four of these TB patients also showed a depressed IFN-gamma response to PHA. Stimulation of the patients' PBL cultures with PHA in the presence of exogenous interleukin 2 (IL 2) produced normal IFN-gamma yields in all but the most severely depressed patients. PBL cultures of TB patients with defective IFN-gamma production in response to mitogenic lectins also produced less IFN-gamma after stimulation with tuberculin PPD. Although some patients showed a moderate degree of lymphopenia, their OKT4/T8 lymphocyte ratios were mostly normal or close to normal, with the notable exception of one TB patient who has been diagnosed to have the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) scans were obtained from the same anatomical location in four healthy Caucasian individuals before and after 1/2 MED UVA radiation. Suberythema UVA radiation induced in skin production of phosphomonoesters, phosphodiesters, and also depleted phosphocreatine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This data seems to indicate that 31P MRS is a sensitive enough technique to detect UVA induced changes in skin phosphometabolites. Furthermore, this data also appears to indicate that suberythema UVA radiation and dexamethasone induce in skin nearly identical pharmacodynamic effect.
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OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of biopsy-proven pretibial myxedema in a man with normal thyroid function. METHODS: We present the pertinent clinical and laboratory data for the current case and review previously published information on pretibial myxedema. RESULTS: Our patient, a 53-year-old man, had the characteristic lesions of pretibial myxedema on the anterolateral aspects of his calves. Laboratory tests showed normal thyroid function. The thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin value was above normal. No exophthalmos or goiter was present. This uncommon dermopathy is typically associated with Graves' disease, accompanied by clinical hyperthyroidism, ophthalmopathy, and goiter. CONCLUSION: The pathogenesis of pretibial myxedema remains elusive. It is presumed to be an autoimmune phenomenon attributable to the presence of serum thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin, although immunofluorescence studies have failed to demonstrate a direct role for such an immunoglobulin. Only two other cases of biopsy-proven pretibial myxedema in a euthyroid patient were found in the literature.
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