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Biomedical subjects

A Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to A Yoshida.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Age-associated changes in antibody production of murine spleen cells].

In the present work, we studied age-associated changes in murine immune functions. We estimated total antibodies and autoantibodies to single-stranded DNA (ss-DNA), double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA) histone and collagen in sera and culture supernatants of spleen cells from young and aged BALB/c, C57BL/6 and MRL/MpJ-(+/+) (MRL/n) mice. In MRL/n mice, the IgM class of the total antibody level in serum increased gradually to the maximum at 3 months of age, and then started to decrease. In contrast, the IgG class started to rise with age after the age of 9 months. Serum levels of IgM and IgG autoantibodies to DNA were dominant in MRL/n mice, and the IgG class started to increase in earlier stages of life than in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Anti-DNA autoantibodies were produced in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cultures of spleen cells from BALB/c, C57BL/6 and MRL/n mice. The stimulatory effect of LPS on autoantibody production was significantly reduced by the addition of concanavalin A (Con A) to the LPS-stimulated cultures. The Con A-induced suppressive activity increased with the donor age in MRL/n mouse spleen cells. On the other hand, total antibody production in LPS-stimulated cultures was not affected by the addition of Con A to the cultures. These results may suggest that IgG autoantibody-producing B cells increase with age in MRL/n mouse spleen cells, and that the suppressive activity on autoantibody production is selectively augmented.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

[Morphological studies on the distribution of the anterior ethmoidal nerve in Japanese adults and fetuses].

The anterior ethmoidal nerve (a.e.n.) was examined in 10 human adults (40-89 years old) and 5 fetuses (7 months). A.e.n. arises from the naso-ciliary++ nerve, which is the first division of the trigeminal nerve. From this point to the crista galli, a.e.ns. were observed under a dissection microscope in relation to their direction and distribution. The following results were obtained: 1) The number of a.e.n. i. The number of a.e.n. was 1 to 3 (1.45 on average) when they arose from the naso-ciliary nerve in the adults. ii. In the fetuses, the number of a.e.n. was 1 to 2 (1.1 on average). 2) The length of a.e.n. i. The length was 12.0 mm to 24.0 mm (17.3 mm on average) in the adults. ii. In the fetuses, the length was 2.0 mm to 7.0 mm (5.0 mm on average). 3) The anterior ethmoidal branch (e.b.). The anterior ethmoidal branch (e.b.) supplies the mucous membrane of the ethmoidal sinus. i. The number of e.bs. was 20 on the right side and 22 on the left in 8 adult cases. In the upper wall of the ethmoidal sinus, the number of e.bs. was 1.0 on average. In the medial wall of the ethmoidal sinus, the number of e.bs. was also 1.0 on average. In the lateral wall of the ethmoidal sinus, the number of e.bs. was 0.2 on average. ii. The number of e.bs. was 3 on the right side and 2 on the left in 3 fetus cases. In the upper wall of the ethmoidal sinus, the number of e.bs. was 0.2 on average. In the medial wall of the ethmoidal sinus, the number of e.bs. was 0.3 on average. No e.bs. were found in the lateral wall. 4) The anterior ethmoidal foramen. The anterior ethmoidal foramen was examined to determine its positional relation to the angle of the crista galli. i. The angle was 40.0 degrees to 10.0 degrees and 30.0 degrees on average in the adults. ii. In the fetuses, the angle was 50.0 degrees to 20.0 degrees and 43.2 degrees on average.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A computer-based behavior monitoring system for low-birth weight infants under intensive care.

For the intensive care of low-birth weight infants, it is important to continuously monitor behavioral changes. From this point of view, we have developed a computer-based monitoring system to analyze the body movements of low-birth weight infants under intensive care. The system consisted of a video recorder with a micro CCD camera for observing infant's body movements and a real time image processor for analyzing video frames. A 16 bit personal computer equipped with an image processor converted a video frame into a binary image that is a 256 by 256 matrix of pixels. The computer assessed each pixel of the matrix to determine whether the brightness changed between successive binary images or not. The number of changed pixels was counted every 1/30 sec, and such change reflected a infant's body movements. Using the system, body movements of a low-birth weight infant in an incubator were videotaped during 24 hours and analyzed. Results indicate that the behavior monitoring system developed in the present study has not only the ability to detect occurrences of movements of low-birth weight infants, but also the ability to qualitatively describe the pattern of movements.

Female↗
PubMed1990

A case of Turner syndrome with the karyotype of 45,X/46,X,i(Xq) associated with acute monocytic leukemia.

An infertile 37-year-old woman was diagnosed as having acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) (FAB classification; M5b). In addition, a diagnosis of infertile Turner syndrome was made, based on the presence of the ovarian dysplasia, abnormal physical features (short stature, lack of pubic hair, shield-like chest, etc.), and low urinary estrogen excretion with high plasma gonadotropin level. Karyotypes in the peripheral blood and bone marrow cells were mosaic 45,X and 46,X,i(Xq): isochromosome Xq, which were consistent with infertile Turner syndrome. No further chromosomal abnormalities were found during the course of her treatment for leukemia. This is the first report of the combination of Turner syndrome and AMoL. However, this patient did not have any of the other autosomal chromosomal abnormalities which are common in acute non-lymphocytic leukemias.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Hyperlipoproteinemia in rats fed polychlorinated biphenyls.

Hypercholesterolemia due to feeding of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and due to feeding of high cholesterol was compared. Rats in control group were fed a 25% casein diet, and those in PCB group or cholesterol group were fed the 25% casein diet supplemented with 0.03% PCB or 1% cholesterol and 0.25% cholic acid, respectively. Lipoprotein mass (d less than 1.21 g/ml) was higher 1.9- and 1.3-fold in rats fed PCB and cholesterol, respectively, as compared with controls. In rats fed PCB, protein, cholesterol, and phospholipid in the lipoprotein fraction markedly increased. Cholesterol-feeding resulted in the increase in pre-beta-lipoprotein cholesterol, while PCB-feeding increased alpha-lipoprotein cholesterol and slightly slow migrated pre-beta-lipoprotein cholesterol. PCB-treated rats had more apolipoprotein A-I in the lipoprotein fraction than control and cholesterol-fed rats. The data demonstrated that hyperlipoproteinemia induced by PCB is a novel alpha-lipoproteinemia and a useful model for investigating metabolism of high density lipoprotein.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Comparative studies on soy protein and rice protein for cholesterol metabolism in rats.

The serum level of cholesterol in rats fed a diet containing soy protein isolate was lower than that in rats fed either casein or rice protein at the level of 15% even after one day feeding, although fecal excretion of bile acids of rats fed soy protein isolate was almost equal with that of rats fed rice protein. Similar effect was also observed in the secretion rate of lipoproteins from the liver. Dietary proteins may affect the synthesis of apolipoproteins directly or through the hormonal system.

Absorption↗
PubMed1990

Three patients who spontaneously developed persistent hypothyroidism during or following treatment with antithyroid drugs for Graves' hyperthyroidism.

Three patients with Graves' disease who spontaneously developed hypothyroidism after treatment with antithyroid drugs are described herein. Patient 1 developed a painful tender thyroid enlargement with a fever and accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate when she was receiving maintenance therapy with methimazole, and she progressed to persistent hypothyroidism with increased titers of antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies and marked reduction of goiter size within the subsequent 2 months. Thyroid-stimulating hormone-binding inhibitory immunoglobulins (TBIIs) and thyroid stimulation-blocking antibody (TSBAb) were absent when she was hypothyroid. Hypothyroidism probably resulted from autoimmune thyroid destruction due to subacute aggravation of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. During the clinical course of patient 2, accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and later transient increases of antimicrosomal and antithyroglobulin antibody titers were observed repeatedly (four times), and she finally fell into overt hypothyroidism. She also had negative results of tests for TBII and TSBAb. Her hypothyroidism appeared to result from repeated thyroid destruction due to aggravation of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Patient 3 fell into hypothyroidism when receiving a small dosage of methimazole. The TBII and TSBAb were strongly active when she developed hypothyroidism, which thus seemed to be due to blocking antibody. Patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism may eventually progress to hypothyroidism later by several different mechanisms. Severe and sudden or slowly repeated thyroid destruction due to aggravation of Hashimoto's thyroiditis is one mechanism. Another may be the appearance of a blocking antibody to the TSH receptor.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Blood-ocular barrier permeability in experimental myopia.

Vitreous fluorophotometry (VFP) was performed for myopic eyes induced by unilateral eyelid suturing of six young cynomolgus monkeys in order to study the permeability of the blood-ocular barrier. The eyelid fusion was temporarily cut and opened at about five-month intervals, and the dioptric power and axial length of test and control eyes were measured. VFP was carried out before and after intravenous injections of fluorescein-Na. The inward permeability of the blood-retinal barrier (P(in)) was estimated by our computer simulation method, and the index of permeability of the blood-aqueous barrier (AQ) was also obtained. Significant prolongation of the length of the vitreous cavity was first seen 10 months after suturing, with the degree of myopia progressing subsequently. P(in) and AQ values increased as myopia progressed: significant increases were observed at 10 and 16 months after suturing, respectively. These results indicate a close relationship between the occurrence and progress of myopia and increased permeability of the blood-ocular barrier.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Cytosolic calcium mobilization and thromboxane synthesis in a human megakaryocytic leukemia cell.

The functional and biochemical characteristics of human megakaryocytic leukemia cells remain unclear. In this study, we examined cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) mobilization and thromboxane (TX) formation in a megakaryocytic leukemia cell line, designated CMK. Stimulation of CMK cells with thrombin resulted in an increase of [Ca2+]i as measured with the fluorescent marker Fura 2-AM. The rise in [Ca2+]i was mostly dependent on extracellular Ca2+. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) further increased [Ca2+]i after thrombin addition, thus indicating that PGE1 had a different action on [Ca2+]i in cells of the platelet-megakaryocyte lineage. The addition of thrombin and the calcium ionophore A23178 to CMK cells caused similar rapid formations of TXB2 as measured by RIA. Thrombin plus A23178 had a synergistic effect on TXB2 synthesis in CMK cells. Thrombin had no effect of TX metabolism in the cells with myeloid, erythroid, B-lymphoid, and T-lymphoid lineages. These results indicate that thrombin-induced TX synthesis may serve as a marker of immature megakaryocytes.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1990

[Intraoperative intraperitoneal administration of mitomycin C and OK-432 for peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer].

In order to improve the prognosis, intraoperative intraperitoneal administration of both mitomycin C and OK-432 was performed for the peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer. Some 74 of 469 patients of gastric cancer, who underwent surgical treatment over the last 7 years in our department, had peritoneal dissemination and 24 of them were treated with the drugs described above. However, there was no significant difference between treated group and controlled untreated group. No severe side effects were noted except for moderate pyrexia. It is still too early to determine the effect of this treatment because of both the short duration of follow-up and the small number of analyzed cases. In the future, we are planning to apply this treatment to selected cases, for which a histological diagnosis will be made intraoperatively by use of irrigation cytology and/or stamp biopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Histidine-rich glycoprotein in blood during inflammation, surgical operation or hemodialysis].

Serum or plasma histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) levels were determined in several conditions. In normal volunteers, HRGP levels did not correlate with either plasminogen contents or plasminogen activity, although HRGP has been believed to be a modulator for fibrinolysis system. In acute inflammation, HRGP levels in serum changed as a negative acute phase reactant, which was also confirmed after surgical operation. At the time of demonstrating decreased HRGP values, expression of HRGP fragment was studied using heparin-Sepharose beads. However, no new fragments were detected, suggesting that the decrease was not due to enzymatic destruction. On the other hand, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (chronic inflammation), HRGP levels were similar to those in control subjects. As HRGP is a potent heparin antagonist, HRGP levels in plasma during hemodialysis with heparin were studied. Both levels of HRGP and albumin increased after hemodialysis in a similar degree due to concentration, indicating that turnover of HRGP was not altered in short period after heparin administration.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗
PubMed1990

Indium-111-antimyosin antibody imaging for detecting different stages of myocardial infarction: comparison with technetium-99m-pyrophosphate imaging.

The diagnostic value of 111In-antimyosin (AM) imaging for identifying myocardial infarction was evaluated in comparison with 99mTc-pyrophosphate (PPi) imaging. Twenty-four patients with various stages of myocardial infarction, ranging from three days to nine months after the onset of infarction, underwent both AM and PPi scans. Of 26 infarct lesions AM scan identified 22 (85%), while PPi scans detected 10 (38%) (p less than 0.01). When less than a week had passed since the onset both scans demonstrated all infarct lesions. For seven subacute lesions studied within one to two weeks of onset, AM scans detected (100%), while PPi scans identified only 2 (29%). Furthermore, AM scans showed discrete myocardial uptake in 7 (64%) of those studied more than two weeks after onset. The intensity of AM uptake in the infarcts studied more than seven days after onset was less than that in acute infarcts studied within seven days of onset (p less than 0.05). These preliminary data indicate that the abnormal myocardial uptake of AM persists beyond the first two weeks when PPi no longer accumulates. Thus, AM scans can be considered to provide a sensitive diagnosis of subacute as well as acute myocardial necrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case of metastatic malignant melanoma of the stomach treated by a surgical operation].

A metastatic malignant melanoma of the stomach is not a disease of rate occurrence, but reports of melanomas that were clinically diagnosed and were treated by a surgical operation are rare. The case presented is a 73-year-old woman, who underwent an excision of a malignant melanoma of the left sole in 1981. Subsequently, she had a subcutaneous metastasis of a melanoma three times and was treated by a resection and immunochemotherapy. In January, 1988, an X-ray examination of stomach revealed a giant elevated lesion, and an endoscopic examination of the stomach revealed a black pigmented tumor with ulceration. A biopsy taken from the tumor confirmed the diagnosis of a malignant melanoma. Thus, she was given a total gastrectomy. Reports in the Japanese literature of metastatic malignant melanomas of the stomach diagnosed while the patient was still living amount to 11 cases. Of this number, 3 patients were given a surgical operation. Further, these 3 patients lived longer than the non-surgically treated cases and had a better quality of remaining life.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Hemodynamic studies on the vertebral artery system during the vertebral arterial surgery].

Few hemodynamic studies on the vertebral artery system in the human can be seen. The authors measured the vertebral arterial blood flow (VAF) with an electromagnetic flow meter in 45 patients who obtained vertebral arterial surgeries. The patients showing vertebrobasilar insufficiency such as vertigo and drop attack had serious kinking and stenosis at the first portion of the vertebral artery. The effects of induced hypotension by trimethaphan camsilate, induced hypertension by phenylephrine, cervical epidural anesthesia and induced hypertension under epidural anesthesia on the VAF were investigated. During the control state, mean systemic arterial blood pressure (SABP), mean VAF were 97 mmHg and 54 ml/min, respectively. The effects of varied SPBP were analyzed by (delta mean VAF/mean VAF)/(delta mean SABP/mean SABP), (delta V/delta S). The delta mean VAF and delta mean SABP indicated varied mean values of VAF and SABP, respectively. Mean SABP was varied significantly by about 25% in each method. The delta V/delta S in induced hypotension, induced hypertension, epidural anesthesia and induced hypertension under epidural anesthesia were -0.05, 0.07, 0.90 and 0.61, respectively, on the average. Induced hypotension by epidural anesthesia and induced hypertension under epidural anesthesia presented significant changes in mean VAF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Pressure↗