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Biomedical subjects

A Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to A Yoshida.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Fabry-like laminated myelin body associated with IgA nephropathy.

We present the first female patient to exhibit Fabry-like myelin bodies in the glomerular epithelial cell in association with IgA nephropathy. This previously healthy 36-year-old woman presented with proteinuria and hematuria without skin lesions. Renal biopsy showed typical IgA nephropathy, with paramesangial deposits, mesangial proliferation and scattered myelin bodies. The leukocytic alpha-galactosidase A activity was abnormally low. She had no family history of Fabry's disease nor the characteristic features, such as skin lesion, neuralgia, or hypohidrosis. Fabry's disease is diagnosed from the renal biopsy findings and the activity of alpha-galactosidase A in leukocytes and/or fibroblasts. We diagnosed the present case with Fabry' disease and IgA nephropathy from these results.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Renal complications during pregnancy in a patient with diabetes mellitus.

We present a 23-year-old woman with a 7-year history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who became pregnant. At the 23rd week of pregnancy she exhibited the signs and symptoms (hypertension, edema, proteinuria) of both diabetic nephropathy and preeclampsia. A cesarean section was successfully performed. The proteinuria persisted for more than 3 months after delivery. Renal biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of diabetic glomerulosclerosis together with the renal findings attributable to preeclampsia. The rapid acceleration of diabetic nephropathy in this patient was attributed to preeclampsia. We therefore recommend that patients with DM be followed closely during pregnancy in an attempt to prevent the acceleration of renal damage by preeclampsia.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Nephropathy in patients with mixed connective tissue disease].

The first report of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) was described that nephropathy was rare complication of the patients with MCTD. Recently, some authors reported that the nephropathy was 25-50% of patients with MCTD. This report investigated the histopathological findings of patients with MCTD. This study was conducted on 17 patients associated with MCTD. In clinical features, there were six of nephrotic syndrome and two of hematuria and proteinuria. They were normal renal function, expect for one case (case MF). In pathological findings, there were four of membranous nephropathy, two of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, including one of IgA nephropathy, and 11 of minor glomerular abnormality. Three cases translated to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) during follow-up period (1 to 5 years). They had hypocomplementemia and membranous nephropathy in common. In conclusion, the nephropathy is not rare complication in patients with MCTD. Sex of the 17 patients (35.3%) with MCTD have nephropathy. MCTD cases with immune-complex glomerulonephritis are likely to transit from MCTD to SLE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of parasternal (Ps) and supraclavicular (Sc) node dissection combined with targeting chemotherapy (activated carbon particle adsorbing aclarubicin) in breast cancer with Ps node involvement--usefulness of extended surgery for improvement of prognosis].

We treated breast cancer patients with Ps node involvement using an extended surgery (Ps+Sc, n = 17, group A) combined with targeting chemotherapy and compared the survival rate by this method with that by the dissection of the Ps node alone (n = 23, group B) to assess the prognosis of advanced breast cancer by extended surgery. 1) Overall patients: The disease-free survival rate was significantly higher in group A, while the overall survival rate was not significant. 2) Survival rate in relation to the number of metastatic Ps nodes or axillary (Ax) nodes: In patients with Ps = 1 or Ax < or = 3, the difference in the overall and disease-free rates were not significant. In patients with Ps > or = 2 or Ax > or = 4, both overall and disease-free rates were significantly higher in group A. It was therefore suggested that extended surgery should be performed if metastasis is found in 2 or more Ps nodes in the frozen section intraoperatively. The result of this study, although it is not a randomized trial, suggested a possibility that extended surgery may improve the prognosis of advanced breast cancer.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1994

[Near infrared spectrophotometric monitoring for cerebral ischemia during the occlusion of the internal carotid artery at CEA].

Near infrared spectrophotometry provides noninvasively real-time information on cerebral oxygenation and cerebral blood volume. Using this method of spectrophotometry we investigated the adequacy of collateral circulation during cross-clamping of the internal carotid artery in patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy. In 15 patients, oxy-hemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin and total hemoglobin were monitored continuously by near infrared spectrophotometry at the ipsilateral frontal area on the operated side. Changes in these parameters following temporary cross-clamping of the internal carotid artery were evaluated. The stump pressure of the internal carotid artery was measured in every patient. Only the maximum decrease in oxy-hemoglobin during cross-clamping of the internal carotid artery correlated significantly with the stump pressure of the internal carotid artery. Changes in oxy-hemoglobin during cross-clamping of the internal carotid artery demonstrated three patterns; no change or minimally decreased (4 patients), decrease with recovery (4 patients), and decrease without recovery (7 patients). The stump pressure of the internal carotid artery in patients who had no recovery of their decreased oxy-Hb was significantly lower than that in any other pattern (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney U analysis). Patients who experience decrease in oxy-Hb without recovery following cross-clamping of their internal carotid artery may have poor collateral circulation and therefore may develop cerebral ischemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Identification and characterisation of alcohol-induced flushing in Caucasian subjects.

The prevalence of the alcohol-flushing reaction was assessed in a group of healthy Caucasian medical students (200) by self-reporting and was found to occur in approximately 50% of female and 8% of male subjects. In most of the alcohol flushers there were other family members similarly affected. The presence of this side-effect after a small quantity of alcohol did not necessarily decrease the amount of alcohol consumed. A test dose of ethanol (0.4 g/kg body weight) confirmed the presence of the alcohol-induced flushing, which was of much shorter duration and intensity than that of the Oriental alcohol-induced flusher, as measured by laser Doppler velocimetry, and was not associated with high circulating concentrations of acetaldehyde. Topical administration of 5 M acetaldehyde showed an enhanced erythema in Caucasian flushers compared to non-flushing controls. This effect was not observed with topical ethanol. Low erythrocyte ALDH1 activity was found in all Caucasians (n = 30) who showed the alcohol-induced flushing reaction.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMed1994

[Ruptured distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms presenting with acute subdural hematoma: report of two cases].

Two cases of ruptured distal anterior cerebral-artery aneurysms presenting with acute subdural hematoma are reported. Case 1 was a 55-year-old male, who showed abrupt disturbance of consciousness. An emergency CT revealed acute subdural hematoma at the right parietal convexity and interhemispheric fissure with moderate midline shift. There was no evidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Right carotid angiography showed an aneurysm at the right distal anterior cerebral artery. An emergency external decompression was performed and the aneurysm was clipped successfully through the interhemispheric fissure. In the operative field, subarachnoid hemorrhage could not been seen, and the patient had uneventful recovery. Case 2 was a 66-year-old female, who complained of severe headache. She deteriorated rapidly and become comatous with development of anisocoria. An emergency CT revealed acute subdural hematoma on the bilateral parietal convexities and interhemispheric fissure with severe midline shift. There was no evidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Carotid angiography showed right distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysm. An emergency external decompression was performed, then the aneurysm was clipped successfully. She recovered with disorientation and hemiparesis. Ruptured distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms presenting with acute subdural hematoma without subarachnoid hemorrhage are rare. It is suggested that CT scans and history of patients are most important but an emergency angiography was prerequisite for correct diagnosis. Surgical treatment should be the best management in such cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

Association of HLA-DR with progressive systemic sclerosis in Japanese.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the contribution of HLA-DR genes to the susceptibility to progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). METHODS: HLA-DR typing was carried out in 36 Japanese patients with PSS, 42 with systemic lupus erythematosus and 104 healthy subjects by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method using specific primers and by PCR-SSCP (single-standard DNA conformation polymorphism) method. RESULTS: A haplotype DRB1*1502-DRB5*0102 was significantly increased in PSS (50.0%, p < 0.00004, pc < 0.001), especially in antitopoisomerase I antibody (a-Scl-70) positive patients (62.5%, p < 0.00003, pc < 0.001) and PSS with diffuse scleroderma (75.0%, p < 0.00001, pc < 0.0001). In addition, DRB1*0802 was also increased in DRB1*1502 negative patients with a-Scl-70, (50.0%, p = 0.033, pc = not significant) and in DRB1*1502 negative patients with diffuse scleroderma (75.0%, p = 0.008, pc = not significant). Thus, 81.3% of a-Scl-70 positive patients, and 93.8% of patients with PSS with diffuse scleroderma showed either HLA-DRB1*1502 or 0802. CONCLUSIONS: Our observations show the extreme difference of genetic background of a-Scl-70 positive PSS, with regard to HLA-DR, between Japanese and other ethnic groups including Caucasian and American black persons. The increase in DRB1*1502-DRB5*0102 haplotype supported the hypothesis of Reveille, et al that uncharged polar amino acid residue at position 30 of HLA-DQB1 allele was important for a-Scl-70 positive PSS because close association of the haplotype with DQB1*0601 was well established in Japanese; listed as a hypothetical candidate of PSS susceptible DQB1 allele. DRB1*0802 were also associated with hypothetical candidates of DQ alleles. Furthermore, the sharing of the particular amino acid sequence: valine38 and phenylalanine67-lysine68-glutamic acid69-asparic acid70-arginine71, by DRB5*0102, DRB1*0802 and DR11 (associated with Caucasian PSS) also suggests a contribution of the sequence in HLA-DR molecules to the pathogenesis of PSS according to the shared epitope hypothesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Nephropathy in patients with primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome].

Primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is characterized by abortion, thrombosis, thrombocytopenia and/or valvular disease and it is liable to complicate systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We carried out a study to investigate the clinical and renal pathological findings in five patients with APS, but not SLE. In the clinical findings, the patients had negative tests for proteinuria and hematuria, and their renal function and tubular function were within normal limits. In the light microscopic findings, three patients exhibited mild mesangial hypercellularity, and two had minor glomerular abnormalities. In immunofluorescent study, there were IgM and/or C3 depositions in the mesangial area in some cases, and in electron microscopic study, there were no special findings other than mesangial hypercellularity. In conclusion, nephropathy is a rare complication in patients with APS, unlike systemic lupus erythematosus.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of angiographic delayed vasospasm due to ruptured aneurysm in comparison with cerebral circulation time measured by IA-DSA].

Delayed vasospasm due to ruptured aneurysm has been basically evaluated by angiographic changes in contrast to clinical features such as delayed ischemic neurological deficits (DIND). However, the discrepancies between angiographic and clinical findings have been pointed out. In this study, angiographic changes and cerebral circulation time in ruptured aneurysms were simultaneously investigated with IA-DSA. Thirty-two patients, who had ruptured aneurysms at the anterior circle of Willis and neck clippings at the acute stage, were investigated. Carotid angiogram was performed with IA-DSA on the 7-13th day after the attack. Angiographic changes were evaluated by Fischer's classification and circulation time was calculated in the following way. A time-density curve was obtained at the two ROI's; the C3-C4 portion and the rolandic vein. Circulation time was defined by the difference between the time showing peak optical density at the carotid and the venous portion. The control value of this circulation time obtained from 20 cases with non-rupture aneurysm and epilepsy was 3.4 sec (53 year old) on the average. X-ray CT scan examination was performed at the same time and clinical features were observed everyday. Angiographically, 3 cases were free from vasospasm, 18 cases were found to present slight to moderate vasospasm, and 11 cases showed severe vasospasm. Circulation time in patients with no spasm was 3.6 seconds, in patients with slight to moderate vasospasm it was 4.3 seconds and in patients with severe vasospasm it was 6.8 seconds. Ten patients showing cerebral infarction on CT scans demonstrated significantly long circulation time, 7.0 second on the average.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Immunohistochemical study of hepatocellular carcinoma-specific aldehyde dehydrogenase.

Tumor-associated aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) was reported in cases of human hepatocellular carcinoma and animal hepatoma models. This ALDH isozyme is similar to ALDH3 which exists in the stomach and lung; however, the biochemical and clinical significance of this unique ALDH isozyme have not been established. Human tumor-associated ALDH was purified, and polyclonal antibodies prepared. Using these antibodies, specific development of tumor-associated ALDH was confirmed by immunohistochemical techniques. It was found that about 50% of hepatocellular carcinomas reacted with the antibody. This unique ALDH isozyme may be a novel tumor marker of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1993

Role of calcium ion in induction of apoptosis by etoposide in human leukemia HL-60 cells.

The epipodophyllotoxin derivative etoposide, an inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase II, has been found to induce internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, characteristic of apoptosis. In the present study, we examined the effect of Ca2+ depletion on VP-16-induced endonucleolytic DNA cleavage in HL-60 cells. VP-16-induced internucleosomal DNA fragmentation could not be blocked by the extracellular Ca2+ chelator EGTA. However, an intracellular Ca2+ chelator BAPTA-AM, which was added after treatment with VP-16, abolished both internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and the morphologic features of apoptosis. No significant increase of intracellular Ca2+ was found after VP-16 treatment. We demonstrate for the first time that preexisting intracellular Ca2+ plays an essential role in induction of apoptosis by VP-16 in HL-60 cells.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1993

Fluorocyclopropyl quinolones. 1. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 1-(2-fluorocyclopropyl)-3-pyridonecarboxylic acid antibacterial agents.

A series of 1-(2-fluorocyclopropyl)-3-pyridonecarboxylic acids has been prepared. These derivatives are characterized by having a fluorine atom at the 2-position on the cyclopropane ring as the N1 substituent and consist of both cis and trans stereoisomers. Structure-activity relationship studies indicate that the cis derivatives are more potent against Gram-positive bacteria than the corresponding trans counterparts, but the difference in potency against most Gram-negative bacteria is much smaller. The inhibitory effect of compounds 4, 5, 26, 27, 38, and 39 on supercoiling activity of DNA gyrase obtained from E. coli KL-16 correlated with their MICs against the same strain and also depend on their (26, 27, 38, 39) stereochemistry. Introduction of a fluorine atom on the cyclopropyl group resulted in the reduction of lipophilicity compared with the corresponding nonfluorinated quinolones.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1993

A factor binding to the xenobiotic responsive element (XRE) of P-4501A1 gene consists of at least two helix-loop-helix proteins, Ah receptor and Arnt.

Xenobiotic responsive element (XRE) is an inducible enhancer element that drives inducible expression of P-4501A1 gene in response to xenobiotic inducers. The XRE-binding factor appears in the nuclei of Hepa-1 cells treated with 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC). Association of the Ah receptor and Arnt (Ah receptor nuclear translocator) in an XRE-binding complex was examined by anti-Ah receptor and Arnt antibodies. Both antibodies inhibited the sequence-specific XRE-binding activity of nuclear extracts from 3-MC-treated Hepa-1 cells and of the cytosolic fraction which was prepared from the nontreated cells and treated in vitro with 3-MC. These results indicate that Ah receptor and Arnt proteins are components of the XRE-binding factor and suggest that Arnt as well as the Ah receptor are localized in the cytosol of nontreated cells. The Ah receptor present in C4 cells, a mutant of Hepa-1 cells defective in the Arnt function, showed an inducer-dependent association with Arnt synthesized in an in vitro translation system. Co-transfection of the expression plasmids of the Ah receptor and Arnt exhibited synergistically more activated transcription from a reporter gene pMC6.3k consisting of the P-4501A1 gene promoter and enhancer than transfection with either of the two plasmids alone. These findings indicate that the Ah receptor and Arnt proteins form a complex that activates transcription in an inducer-dependent manner.

Animals↗