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Biomedical subjects

A Wiecek

Publications and source records attributed to A Wiecek.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Level of erythropoietin and parathormone in blood plasma during acute rejection of kidney transplant].

The acute rejection of kidney transplant is accompanied by kidney ischaemia which in turn is a triggering factor for erythropoietin (EPO) synthesis. It was shown, on the other hand, that during the rejection an increase in blood serum parathormone (PTH) concentration takes place. The present study was aimed at answering the question what is the effect of acute rejection of kidney transplant on blood serum concentrations of EPO i PTH. Seventeen patients with kidney transplant participated in the study. In all the patients the investigations were carried out four times: 1--few days before rejection, 2--after ascertaining that kidney transplant is being rejected, 3--immediately after rejection, and 4--few days after completing the anti-rejection therapy. High doses of methylprednisolone were used as anti-rejection therapy. Control group consisted of 16 healthy persons. Acute rejection of kidney transplant was accompanied by a significant increase in blood serum concentrations of EPO and PTH. After methylprednisolone therapy, normalization of EPO and decrease in PTH concentration were observed in kidney transplant patients. Significant positive correlations were found between EPO and PTH concentrations in blood serum. It was concluded that acute rejection of kidney transplant is characterized by a significant increase in blood serum concentrations of EPO and PTH. Despite the existence of a significant positive correlation between blood serum concentrations of EPO and PTH in patients with kidney transplant, any pathogenic relation between the observed disturbances of secretion of the two hormones seems to be of little probability.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Influence of thermal dehydration on blood values of hormones which regulate volume and composition of electrolytes in sweat of patients with ic renal failure treated with hemodialysis].

The present study has aimed to answer the following questions: 1) to what extent does the profile of volume related hormones in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) differ from that of healthy subjects, and 2) do volume related hormones influence the electrolyte composition of thermal sweat? Twelve hemodialyzed patients with CRF and 20 healthy subjects were examined before and after one hour exposition to humid heat. In all examined subjects the following parameters were assessed before and after thermal dehydration: plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone (Ald), vasopressin (AVP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentrations. In addition sodium, potassium, and chloride were estimated in thermal sweat collected after 15 and 45 minutes respectively of thermal exposition. Patients with CRF showed significantly higher values of PRA, Ald, AVP and ANP before thermal dehydration. After one hour of heat exposition a significant increase in PRA, Ald and AVP but a significant decrease of plasma ANP level were noticed in both healthy subjects and patients with CRF. The magnitude of plasma Ald and ANP alterations induced by thermal dehydration was significantly more marked in patients than in healthy subjects. A similar electrolyte composition of thermal sweat was found in both examined groups. No significant correlation was found between the plasma profile of volume related hormones and electrolyte composition of sweat both in patients and normals. Results presented in this paper suggest, that volume related hormones do not influence the electrolyte composition of thermal sweat both in healthy subjects and patients with CRF.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Serum erythropoietin level during acute rejection of transplanted kidney].

Acute rejection is characterized by renal ischaemia which in turn is a triggering factor of EPO synthesis. This fact justified our present studies which aimed to assess the influence of acute rejection (AR) on plasma EPO level in KTP. A total of 17 KTP were examined some days before AR (I), at the onset of AR (II), immediately (III) and some days after (IV) discontinued therapy of AR episodes by methylprednisolone. The control group consisted of 16 healthy subjects. KTP 2-3 weeks after renal transplantation showed relative EPO deficiency both during efficient excretory function and rejection episodes. At acute graft rejection episodes a marked increase of plasma EPO level was found. Results presented in this study suggest absence of the physiological relationship between EPO secretion and erythropoiesis 2-3 weeks after transplantation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of water immersion and captopril on secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide and the activity of the renin-angiotensin system in essential hypertension].

In 31 patients with essential hypertension (EH) and in 21 healthy subjects, the influence of water immersion (WI) on arterial blood pressure, plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide was examined after administration of captopril. In other 15 patients with EH and 25 healthy subjects, the influence of WI without captopril pretreatment on the above mentioned parameters was assessed. Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration did not differ in patients with EH and in healthy subjects. In contrast, plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration was significantly higher but its response to WI-induced "central hypervolemia" significantly less marked in patients with EH than in healthy subjects. Results obtained in this study do not confirm presence of a tight interrelationship between atrial natriuretic peptide secretion and activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system both in patients with EH and in healthy subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Plasma erythropoietin levels of kidney transplant patients in the early period after transplantation].

Plasma erythropoietin (EPO) levels were assessed in 51 uraemic patients immediately after kidney transplantations and in 16 healthy subjects. Before transplantation EPO levels were significantly higher than in normals. In patients with acute renal failure of the transplanted kidney, a significant increase of plasma EPO level was noticed. Such an increase of plasma EPO was absent in patients with a normally functioning kidney transplant. In these last patients normalization of plasma EPO was found during the first month after transplantation. No significant correlation was found between plasma EPO level and the haematocrit value in kidney transplant patients. From results obtained in this study it seems, that factors other than EPO are also involved in the pathogenesis of anaemia in patients at the early phase after kidney transplantation.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1991

[Plasma erythropoietin levels in patients with stabilized function of the transplanted kidney].

Plasma erythropoietin level was assessed in 96 kidney transplant patients with stabilized function of the graft 3 months up to 5 years after transplantation and in 16 healthy subjects. In kidney transplant patients on CyA or azathioprine respectively, plasma erythropoietin levels were significantly higher during the first three months after transplantation than in normals. Normalization of erythropoietin levels were observed 6 to 12 month after kidney transplantation. As compared with patients on CyA, in azathioprine treated patients plasma erythropoietin levels were significantly higher 12 to 60 months after transplantation. These elevated erythropoietin levels in azathioprine treated patients seem to be due also to factors other than higher prednisone dosage.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Plasma erythropoietin levels in kidney transplant patients with impaired function of the renal graft].

In 81 patients with failing kidney transplant, plasma levels of erythropoietin, iron, ferritin and TIBC were assessed. Progression of failure of the excretory function of the kidney transplant was accompanied by decreasing Hb and Ht values but increasing plasma levels of erythropoietin. In all examined patients presence of iron deficiency could be excluded. Results obtained in this study suggest that relative erythropoietin deficiency is the major cause of anaemia in patient with a failing kidney transplant.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1991

[Plasma erythropoietin levels in patients with noninflammatory acute renal failure].

Plasma levels of erythropoietin (EPO) were estimated in 14 patients with noninflammatory acute renal failure during the oliguric anuric and polyuric phase respectively. During the anuric oliguric phase plasma EPO levels were 4 times higher than in healthy subjects, while during the polyuric phase normal plasma levels were found in spite of the presence of anaemia. Results presented in this paper suggest presence of an abnormal feedback between EPO secretion and degree of anaemia in patients with acute noninflammatory renal failure both during the anuric/oliguric and polyuric phase respectively. Abnormal EPO secretion does not seem to be the only or even dominant factor involved in the pathogenesis of anaemia in patients with noninflammatory acute renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of erythropoietin treatment on endocrine organ function in patients with terminal-stage kidney failure on hemodialysis].

Eleven hemodialyzed patients with uremia were examined for the effect of erythropoietin (EP) treatment carried out for 3 months on functions of different endocrine organs. EP treatment resulted in a decrease of the initial plasma levels of somatotropin, prolactin, follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones. EP treatment being over, there was a decrease in the plasma content of ACTH, cortisol and aldosterone. The treatment with EP was also associated with an insignificant rise of the plasma levels of parathyroid hormone and testosterone. EP treatment did not influence the plasma concentration of calcitonin and 25-OH-D. EP was found to exert no significant effect on the pituitary-thyroid reverse relationship. The 3-month treatment with EP eventuated in plasma renin activity inhibition as well as in an increase of the atrial level of natriuretic peptide in the plasma. EP treatment stimulated insulin secretion and reduced glucagon secretion. Finally, EP decreased the gastrin level and to a less degree the plasma level of pancreatic polypeptide.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of water immersion on the cortisol, glucose, growth hormone and prolactin levels in patients with transplanted heart].

In 6 heart transplant patients (HTP) and in ten healthy subjects the influence of head out water immersion (WI) on blood levels of glucose, cortisol, somatotropic hormone (HGH) and prolactin was examined. Under baseline conditions. HTP showed similar blood levels of the above mentioned parameters as normals. After WI a significant increase of blood HGH but decrease of blood cortisol and prolactin were found in both examined groups. HTP differed from healthy subjects only by a less marked decline of blood cortisol induced by WI. Data obtained in this study suggest presence of a preserved physiological endocrine response of HTP to WI.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Prolactin secretion in kidney transplant patients.

In 27 male patients with a functioning kidney transplant and in 12 healthy male subjects plasma prolactin levels were estimated under baseline, inhibitory and stimulatory conditions, respectively. Kidney transplant patients (KTP) showed normal baseline plasma levels of prolactin, and a normal response of prolactinaemia to alpha-bromocriptine. In contrast, administration of chlorpromazine was followed by an exaggerated response of prolactin secretion in KTP as compared with normals. Type of immunosuppressive therapy (cyclosporine A or azathioprine) did not influence significantly the plasma prolactin profile in KTP under either inhibitory or stimulatory conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Water immersion induced alterations of plasma vasopressin levels and activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in noninflammatory acute renal failure and end-stage renal failure.

UNLABELLED: Water immersion (WI) induced alterations of plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone (Aldo), vasopressin (AVP), sodium and potassium concentrations and plasma volume (PV) were examined in 12 patients with noninflammatory acute renal failure (NARF) in the anuric/oliguric phase, in 20 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and in 15 healthy subjects. In all examined groups a significant increase of PV and decrease of PRA, plasma Aldo, AVP after WI were observed. Significantly more marked decreases of PRA were observed in patients with NARF than in those with CRF and in healthy subjects. In patients with NARF the increase of PV was significantly greater than in CRF and in healthy subjects. In patients with NARF a significantly more marked decrease of plasma sodium concentration was also noted after WI than in subjects with CRF and in normals. Only in healthy subjects was a significant negative correlation noted between the WI increase of PV and decrease of plasma AVP level. In healthy subjects, significantly positive correlations were noted between WI induced decrease of PRA and Aldo and between PRA and plasma AVP, respectively. Such correlations were absent in uraemic patients. IN CONCLUSION: (1) patients with CRF and NARF show similar, but quantitatively different responses of PRA, Aldo and AVP secretion to WI as compared with normals; (2) patients with NARF and CRF are characterized by an inappropriate volumetric and osmotic regulation of AVP secretion; (3) in uraemic patients the physiological relationship between the renin-angiotensin system and AVP secretion seems to be dissociated.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1990

Endocrine alterations in kidney transplant patients.

Several factors are involved in the persistence of endocrine alterations after renal transplantation, among which the following are to be mentioned: (1) duration of chronic uraemia before renal transplantation; (2) residual function of the patients' native kidneys; (3) quality of function of the renal graft; (4) modulation of secretion, transport, and degradation of hormones, and/or (5) altered target organ responsiveness to hormones induced by immunosuppressive drugs (glucocorticoids, azathioprine, cyclosporin A) or altered internal environment. In kidney transplant patients the following endocrine abnormalities are to be mentioned: dissociation of the physiological relationship between aldosterone synthesis and function of the renin-angiotensin system, abnormal volumetric regulation of arginine vasopressin secretion, suppressed responsiveness of cortisol secretion to stimulatory manoeuvres, persistent secondary hyperparathyroidism, relative deficiency of insulin (induced by glucocorticoid therapy), with consequent carbohydrate intolerance or even diabetes mellitus, suppressed response of gastrin and pancreatic hormone secretion to a test meal, and reduced responsiveness of atrial natriuretic peptide secretion to central hypervolaemia. Episodes of acute graft rejection are characterized by endocrine alterations similar to those seen in patients with acute or chronic renal failure.

Hormones↗
PubMed1990

Influence of erythropoietin treatment on follitropin and lutropin response to luliberin and plasma testosterone levels in haemodialyzed patients.

Plasma levels of follitropin (FSH), lutropin (LH) and testosterone (TE) were estimated in 5 anaemic haemodialyzed patients before and after 3 months of erythropoietin treatment (EPO group), in 5 male haemodialyzed patients with a haematocrit value of 33% (which was of the same magnitude as the post-treatment haematocrit value in the EPO group) and in 15 male healthy subjects. After EPO treatment, haematocrit values rose from 23.0 +/- 0.9 to 34.6 +/- 0.75%. EPO treatment induced a significant suppression of basal plasma FSH and LH levels, while plasma TE levels slightly increased. After EPO treatment, the response of plasma FSH and LH to luliberin administration was significantly reduced. As the endocrine profile of EPO-treated patients differed from that of haemodialyzed patients showing a similar haematocrit value, it seems that EPO-induced hormonal changes are not or not only related to improvement of anaemia. Normalization of the pituitary-gonadal feedback in EPO treatment seems to participate in the pathogenesis of improved sexual activity in these patients.

Adult↗