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Biomedical subjects

A Whitehouse

Publications and source records attributed to A Whitehouse.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Growth factors and corneal endothelial cells: III. Stimulation of adult human corneal endothelial cell mitosis in vitro by defined mitogenic agents.

Human corneal endothelial cells (HCEC) do not mitose extensively in vivo after damage to the endothelial layer. However, HCEC will divide in vitro if cultured under appropriate conditions. We measured the ability of various sera, plasma, growth factors, and nutritional substances to stimulate mitosis of HCEC during 5 days of organ culture after a central freeze injury to the endothelium. Supplementation of a chemically defined medium (CDM) with 20% fetal human serum (FHS) induced significantly higher numbers of mitotic figures or labeled nuclei of human or cat corneas compared with paired corneas cultured in CDM alone. Furthermore, addition of 20% FHS produced more labeled nuclei than did addition of 20% fetal bovine serum or 20% adult human serum. Dialyzed fetal human serum failed to stimulate mitosis, indicating that one or more components of fetal human serum with molecular weight less than 12,000 are essential for mitosis. Human plasma also failed to stimulate mitosis, but an extract of human platelets significantly stimulated high levels of nuclear labeling, suggesting that growth factors contained in platelet granules were responsible for serum-stimulated mitosis of HCEC. Addition of 100 nM epidermal growth factor (EGF) or 10 microM insulin to CDM supplemented with low levels of adult human serum (0.5%) stimulated significantly higher numbers of labeled nuclei compared with paired corneas cultured with 0.5% adult human serum. Supplementation of corneal storage media (K-Sol and CSM) with a mixture of chemically defined agents consisting of EGF, insulin, transferrin, selenium, linoleic acid, and albumin stimulated significantly higher numbers of labeled nuclei compared with paired corneas cultured in the unsupplemented corneal storage media.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The needs of deaf substance abusers in Illinois.

A summary is presented of available information regarding the special characteristics and needs of hearing-impaired alcoholics and drug addicts. The various obstacles to this population receiving treatment are seen to be made even more formidable by apparent minimal adherence in the chemical dependency field to the legal mandate that agencies and institutions that receive federal funding must provide services that are accessible to disabled persons. The Illinois Task Force on Substance Abuse Among the Hearing Impaired was established to examine the needs of this population in Illinois. The results of a needs assessment conducted by the Task Force are summarized. The conclusion is reached that the minimal accessibility of hearing-impaired individuals to substance abuse treatment reported in the literature extends to Illinois as well. The concerns of agencies in attempting to meet the needs of this population are cited. Specific recommendations are made to changes in programming intended to improve the level of substance abuse services accessible to hearing-impaired individuals.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1981

Subclinical anorexia nervosa.

The Eating Attitudes Test (Garner & Garfinkel, 1979) was administered to 578 students (446 females and 132 males) at a College of Technology and to 14 "control" subjects fulfilling strict diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa. Although no male students scored highly, a total of 28 female students (6.3% of the female student sample) scored in the "anorexic" range. These "high scorers", together with a random control group of 28 "non-high scorers", were subsequently interviewed. Interview revealed that the symptoms of anorexia nervosa were common in the high scoring group but virtually absent in the student control group. It is concluded that a substantial proportion of post-pubertal females (approximately 5%) develop a subclinical form of anorexia nervosa. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the aetiology, prevention and treatment of disturbances in eating behaviour.

Adolescent↗