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Biomedical subjects

A While

Publications and source records attributed to A While.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Team work and collaboration: the position of district nursing 1948-1974.

Much has been written regarding the challenges facing district nursing in light of the constant change and development of the NHS. This paper follows the chronological development of district nursing up to the reorganization of the NHS in 1974. The paper commences with a brief outline of the origins of district nursing as a charitable activity before the inception of the NHS and moves on to consider the relationship between district nurses and general practitioners. A review of policy and legislation identifies that district nurses, in the early days of the NHS, were working for the GP, no longer an autonomous practitioner of a charitable organization. Other challenges experienced by district nurses included being employed by the Local Health Authority, a separate organization to the NHS. By exploring the clinical practice of district nurses, alongside the management and organization of district nursing it is possible to critically discuss the challenges facing district nurses in the current health care climate of teamwork and collaboration.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1999

Efficacy of supplementary intracameral lidocaine in routine phacoemulsification under topical anesthesia.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the routine use of supplementary intracameral lidocaine has any benefit over topical anesthesia alone when performing phacoemulsification surgery. DESIGN: A prospective single-center, randomized, double-masked, clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 204 patients undergoing phacoemulsification surgery with lens implantation under planned topical anesthesia. METHODS: Patients were randomly allocated to receive either topical anesthesia plus 0.5 ml intracameral balanced salt solution or topical anesthesia plus 0.5 ml preservative-free 1% intracameral lidocaine. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: On the day after surgery, patients were asked to document the discomfort they had experienced using a visual analog scale. Intraoperative discomfort, postoperative discomfort, and discomfort caused by the microscope light were assessed. RESULTS: Multiple linear regression analysis did not show any significant relationship between the use of intracameral lidocaine and either intraoperative (P = 0.34) or postoperative (P = 0.45) pain scores. There was a small reduction in the discomfort caused by the operating microscope when intracameral lidocaine was used (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the routine use of intracameral lidocaine as a supplement to topical anesthesia was shown not to have a clinically useful role.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Reflections on nursing as a career choice.

AIM: The study sought to explore (1) reasons for choosing nursing as a career; (2) expectations, if any, of nursing; (3) whether those expectations had been realized; (4) how such expectations had been met or could be met. BACKGROUND: Nursing recruitment and retention are of central concern to health care. The Audit Commission have highlighted the costs of 'preventable' staff attrition and suggested that staff turnover may be minimized if staff policies reflected an understanding of the views and aspirations of staff. METHOD: A semi-structured interview survey was conducted with a quota sample of undergraduates attending one university (n = 40). Different course groups were represented. FINDINGS: Satisfaction of caring for people together with long-term desire to nurse emerged as important factors influencing career choice. Expectations included working in a caring team and having a satisfying career. Conflict experienced in the clinical setting, disappointment over the treatment of nurses and changes within the NHS and nursing were considered among the factors detracting from nursing as a career. CONCLUSION: Health care management must recognize issues of concern to nurses and develop policies which make nurses feel valued.

Altruism↗
PubMed1995

Information-seeking strategies and data utilisation: theory and practice.

This paper explores the twin processes of information-seeking and data utilisation, two key components of the problem-solving process. The assessment and management of pain are examined as important exemplars of where varying degrees of skill and efficiency in these key processes emerge from the research conducted to date. It is suggested that if performance is to be enhanced, then a review of the current use of the nursing process, the main vehicle for the operationalisation of problem-solving in practice is required, coupled with further empirical study directed towards exploring how and when the development of advanced cognitive skills is best facilitated.

Clinical Competence↗