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Biomedical subjects

A Weltman

Publications and source records attributed to A Weltman.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Age, diet, maximal aerobic capacity and serum lipids.

Eighty males ranging in age from 21 to 75 years were examined for maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max expressed in ml/kg x min-1), serum cholesterol (total, HDL, LDL, and VLDL-cholesterol), serum triglycerides, body fatness (%) and dietary patterns including total and constituent (protein, fat and carbohydrate) kilocalories and dietary cholesterol and alcohol intake. With age, subjects demonstrated a decreased maximal aerobic capacity, increased total serum cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, increased serum triglycerides and body fatness. Dietary characteristics and HDL-cholesterol did not change with age. Older males (N = 27) with a mean age of 51.7 (+/- 7.2) years were matched for maximal aerobic capacity with younger males (N = 27) with a mean age of 34.2 (+/- 4.5) years. Dietary patterns and total serum cholesterol and HDL, LDL, and VLDL-cholesterol did not differ significantly between groups. Older subjects demonstrated significantly greater body fatness and serum triglycerides. It was concluded that a relationship exists between maximal aerobic capacity and serum cholesterol concentrations. This relationship did not appear to be influenced by dietary characteristics. It was further concluded that the gradual increase in body fatness with age was not attributable to quantitative or qualitative changes in caloric intake.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Body fat content and serum lipid levels.

The relationship between the percentage of body fat and serum lipids was studied in middle-aged persons (112 men and ninety-two women) whose body fat levels were determined by hydrostatic weighing. Individuals classified as "overfat" exhibited significantly higher total serum cholesterol and total serum triglycerides than those classified as "normal fat " A trend for lower high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels in overfat women and higher low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol in both overfat men and women was observed. Overfat men and women had significantly higher very-low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels. These findings suggest that an accumulation of excess body fat may result in unfavorable serum lipid levels.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1979

Recovery from maximal effort exercise: lactate disappearance and subsequent performance.

The effects of differing recovery patterns following maximal exercise on blood lactate disappearance and subsequent performance were examined. Nine subjects completed four randomly assigned experimental sessions. Each session consisted of a 5-min maximal effort performance test conducted on a Monark bicycle ergometer (T1) followed by 20 min of recovery and a second 5-min maximal effort performance test (T2). Blood lactate levels were measured during min 5, 10, 15, and 20 of recovery. Recovery patterns consisted of passive recovery (PR), active recovery below anaerobic threshold (AR less than AT), active recovery above anaerobic threshold (AR greater than AT), and active recovery above anaerobic threshold while breathing 100% oxygen (AR greater than AT + O2). Blood lactate levels prior to T2 were significantly different across treatments (P less than 0.05). Comparison among treatments and between T1 and T2 revealed no significant differences in work output. It was concluded that while lactate disappearance following severe exercise can be affected by varying the recovery pattern, elevated levels of blood lactate exert no demonstrable effect on maximal effort performance of 5-min duration.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cardiac output differences in males and females during mild cycle ergometer exercise.

To study sex differences in cardiac output during submaximum exercise, eight male and eight female subjects were matched on max Vo2 (1 min-1 and ml kg-1 min-1). Each subject performed one, eight minute submaximum bicycle ergometer test at 35% of Vo2max (300 kpm min-1). At a steady state mean Vo2 of 0.96 1 min-1, cardiac output was determined. Significant differences between men and women were observed (p less than .05) in cardiac output, stroke volume and (a-v) O2 difference. The males had a lower cardiac output (1.75 1 min-1) and stroke volume (17.2 ml beat-1) and a higher (a-v) O2 difference (2.01 vol %). When these variables were expressed independent of lean body weight the above differences were non-significant. It was suggested that cardiac output differences between the sexes during mild exercise are due, in part, to differences in lean body weight.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Validity of the relative percent concept for equating training intensity.

The validity of the relative percent concept for equating training intensity was investigated using the point of metabolic acidosis (anaerobic threshold) as the criterion variable. Percent oxygen uptake, heart rate and metabolic acidosis were determined at 60, 70, and 80% of max heart rate on a bicycle ergometer test(N = 31). At 60 and 70% of max heart rate only one individual was definitely in metabolic acidosis. At 80% max heart rate 17 subjects were working at a level above the point of metabolic acidosis while 14 were working at or below this point. Thus, it was suggested that even if subjects are exercising at the same relative percent miximum HR, the metabolic stress using metabolic acidosis as the criterion is not constant across subjects. It was further shown that the regression of percent VO2 max on percent max HR was a spurious one resulting in poor prediction of individual VO2 values. The data presented suggest that the relative percent concept for equating exercise or subsequent training intensity needs careful re-evaluation.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1978

Status of police officers with regard to selected cardio-respiratory and body compositional fitness variables.

Physical performance and body composition characteristics of members (n = 75) and recruits (n = 61) of the Louisville Police Department (total n = 136) were assessed. Members were randomly selected males and ranged in age from 20 to 55 years and were ranked from the newest inductee through and including the Chief of Police. Members between the ages of 20 and 29 years assigned to active duty possessed average cardio-respiratory fitness (Vo2max). With age, cardio-respiratory fitness decreased and body weight and body fatness progressively increased. Male and female recruits entering basic training also demonstrated average cardio-respiratory fitness. Significant (P less than .05) increases for males and females in Vo2max and decreases in body fatness (males) were found following 4 months of physically rigorous recruit training. Fifteen of the male recruits who completed training were retested following 1 year of active duty. During active duty, physical activity involvement was limited to job requirements with no additional physical training imposed. Cardio-respiratory fitness and body fatness reverted to pre-training levels. It was concluded that the physical demands associated with police work are too low to permit maintenance of physical fitness.

Adult↗