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Biomedical subjects

A Warner

Publications and source records attributed to A Warner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Toxic hepatic failure in newborn foals.

Eight foals, 2 to 5 days of age, with similar clinical signs and laboratory and pathologic findings, died from hepatic failure. The predominant clinical signs were depression and icterus. Abnormally high values were found for plasma ammonia content, aromatic-to-branch-chain amino acid ratio, total serum bilirubin content, gamma glutamyl transferase activity, alkaline phosphatase activity, and PCV; partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time were prolonged. Some foals had high sorbitol dehydrogenase activity. These laboratory findings were suggestive of subacute hepatic disease and failure. Predominant pathologic findings were limited to the liver and brain. The livers were less than half the expected size for 2- to 5-day-old foals, had prominent bile ductule proliferation, hepatic cell necrosis, and mild periportal fibrosis. These findings suggested both prenatal and postnatal diseases caused by exposure to a hepatoxin. The predominant lesion in the brain was the presence of Alzheimer type II astrocytes, which are characteristic of hepatoencephalopathy. Although the periportal fibrosis was suggestive of in utero exposure to a toxin, epidemiologic information suggested that the hepatic failure more likely resulted from oral inoculation of a microorganism culture product at birth. The same disease was reproduced in 2 newborn foals by feeding this product.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Equine anhidrosis: a review of pathophysiologic mechanisms.

Anhidrosis is loss of the ability to sweat. The problem is seen in horses kept in a hot humid climate, and it may cause severe impairment of thermoregulation in the equine athlete. British Thoroughbreds imported to her tropical colonies are the earliest recorded cases, and since then the syndrome has come to be described as one of Thoroughbreds, usually performance athletes, undergoing acclimatization to heat and humidity. A recent epidemiologic study of cases in Florida has shown, however, that many different breeds, and long time inhabitants of a hot climate, may be affected. Equine sweat glands are of the apocrine type, and sweating is stimulated by direct local release of epinephrine from adrenergic nerve endings and by circulating epinephrine. Lack of sweating could be due to a number of possible flaws in a sequence from central nervous stimulation through sweat stimulation and secretion to delivery of sweat to the skin surface. The most likely possibilities are inadequate sweat gland response due to habituation of receptors to a high circulating level of epinephrine and occlusion of the sweat ducts by keratin plugs. Hormonal or metabolic imbalance may play a role both in the onset and secondary signs associated with anhidrosis.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of lactic acidosis.

Severe lactic acidosis is often associated with poor prognosis. Recognition and correction of the underlying process is the major step in the treatment of this serious condition. Intravenous administration of sodium bicarbonate has been the mainstay in the treatment of lactic acidosis. Aggressive use of this therapeutic modality, however, can lead to serious complications and should therefore be considered with caution. Peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis provide large amounts of alkali without causing the hypernatremia or hypervolemia commonly associated with bicarbonate infusion. Peritoneal dialysis with bicarbonate-based dialysate, in particular, appears to be an ideal means of delivering physiologic buffer. Administration of methylene blue was initially thought to increase lactate metabolism by altering the cellular oxidative state. Its subsequent clinical use, however, showed little efficacy. Sodium nitroprusside has been advocated for the treatment of some forms of lactic acidosis as a method of alleviating regional hypoperfusion. Insulin therapy has been found to be quite useful in the treatment of phenformin-associated lactic acidosis and is recommended in this setting. Since dichloroacetate activates pyruvate dehydrogenase and enhances lactate metabolism, it may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of lactic acidosis.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1980

Hemodialysis studies of antidiuretic hormone.

Hemodialyzability of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) was studied in 14 patients undergoing hemodialysis procedure. In addition hemofiltration (dry dialysis) was performed in 8 patients and hemofiltrate samples were collected for ADH assay. The mean values for plasma ADH level in ingoing and outgoing blood were nearly identical. Moreover, no ADH was detectable in the hemofiltrate samples. These findings suggest lack of significant ADH removal by dialysis or hemofiltration.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effect of isoosmolar volume reduction during hemofiltration on plasma antidiuretic hormone in patients with chronic renal failure.

The effect of isoosmolar volume reduction on plasma ADH level was studied in 8 patients with chronic renal failure utilizing hemofiltration technique. Plasma ADH fell significantly (P less than 0.001) after one hour of hemofiltration despite volume reduction which was expected to elevate the ADH level. After two hours of hemofiltration, ADH remained low in 5 patients and increased in 3. Post-hemofiltration mean blood pressure was generally lower in patients whose ADH rose than those whose ADH remained low. The two groups were otherwise comparable with respect to total fluid loss, hemofiltration rate, and fluid removed expressed as percent body weight. It can thus be suggested that in these patients a rise in plasma ADH in response to fluid reduction may require a fall in the arterial blood pressure below a critical level. While the rise in plasma ADH observed with continued fluid removal in some patients can be readily explained, we have no clear explanation for the paradoxical initial fall of ADH in all patients and subsequent maintenance of low levels observed in the majority of patients. This unusual ADH response to isoosmolar volume reduction may represent some unidentified mechanism of ADH regulation in patients with end-stage renal disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Comparison of results by three kit methods for assay of serum gastrin.

We evaluated and compared Nuclear International, Schwarz/Mann, and Squibb kit methods for measurement of serum gastrin with respect to intra-run precision, analytical recovery of added gastrin, and values obtained for healthy fasting adults and for selected patients. As a result of this study, the Schwarz/Mann kit was chosen for use in our laboratory.

Charcoal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

21st-century leadership in nursing education: the need for trifocals.

In this qualitative study, deans of top-ranked graduate nursing schools were interviewed to examine how they are approaching leadership issues into the next century. Discussion focused on managing change, handling problems, communication/leadership styles, models of governance, research productivity, and expectations of faculty. The picture that emerged suggested that deans must be able to see objects and events from different perspectives, analogous to wearing trifocal eyeglasses. Deans described current roles, which were labeled as Director, Sensor, and Negotiator. However, future roles will require a different set of skills and competencies. Deans described these roles as Consensus Builder, Risk Taker, and Interactive Empowerer. Deans will need to react based on multiple points of vision and accommodate rapidly to maintain excellence in all areas of the mission.

Communication↗