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Biomedical subjects

A Wagner

Publications and source records attributed to A Wagner.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Potentiation of GM-CSF or G-CSF induced mobilization of circulating progenitor cells by pretreatment with IL-3 and harvest by apheresis.

Recombinant human colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) are increasingly used for mobilizing progenitor cells in the peripheral blood (PB). 7 patients were treated with GM-CSF or G-CSF at a dose of 5 micrograms/kg/d for 5 days and after a treatment free interval received another cycle of the same cytokine after pretreatment with IL-3. Pretreatment with 5 micrograms/kg/d of IL-3 for 7 days did not mobilize by itself but significantly potentiated GM-CSF or G-CSF induced mobilization of PB progenitor cells in all 5 patients tested. As compared to the mobilization capacity of GM-CSF or G-CSF alone, 7 day IL-3 pretreatment potentiated maximum values of CFU-GM by 3.7-6.3 fold in patients receiving GM-CSF (n = 2) and by 1.8-3.3 fold in patients receiving G-CSF leading to a 10-23 fold increase in numbers of circulating CFU-GM by the combination IL-3/GM-CSF, and a 26-101 fold increase by IL-3/G-CSF, respectively. Stem cell apheresis in patients treated with IL-3 + G-CSF or GM-CSF yielded enough PB-stem cells to ensure complete engraftment after ablative chemotherapy.

Blood Component Removal↗
PubMed1993

[Collection and long-term preservation of peripheral stem cells].

The methods of collection and storage of peripheral blood stem cells are described and the harvesting after conditioning with cytokines and/or myelosuppressive therapy is discussed. It could be demonstrated that the combination of cytostatics and cytokines gives the best yield and enables to collect a sufficient amount of peripheral blood stem cells for a successful engraftment after myeloablative therapy with only few aphereses.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1993

[Amphetamine doping in leisure-time mountain climbing at a medium altitude in the Alps].

Although doping in leisure sports may potentially be of relevance for medical emergency situations, it has attracted much less attention than doping in elite athletes. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of amphetamine consumption in medium altitude mountaineering. Urine samples were taken from 253 males after a successful ascent. Analysis for amphetamines proved positive for 7.1% of mountaineers climbing above 3300 m. On peaks between 2500 to 3300 meters above sea level, 2.7% of the mountaineers we examined had amphetamines residues in their urine. Below 2500 meters, no positive sample was detected. For tourists living outside of the Alpine range, we noticed a significantly higher proportion of positive analyses. We conclude that attempts to induce a higher performance level by pharmacological means are not overly uncommon in leisure mountaineering. Such a behaviour may be of medical relevance in emergency situations.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Permeability of the blood-retinal barrier and the blood-aqueous barrier in type I diabetes without diabetic retinopathy: simultaneous evaluation with fluorophotometry.

For the evaluation of a possible malfunction of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) and the blood-aqueous barrier (BAB) in type I diabetes without manifest angiopathy after i.v. injection of sodium fluorescein, the permeability of the BRB (P) and the permeability coefficient of the BAB [P(a)] were simultaneously determined by fluorophotometry in 34 eyes of 34 type-I diabetics [hemoglobin (Hb)A1c = 6.6% +/- 0.9%] without retinopathy whose age ranged from 19 to 38 years (mean, 30.5 +/- 5 years); the diabetes duration was between 5 and 18 years. Fluorescein angiography was performed to exclude nonperfused areas. In all, 34 eyes of 34 healthy volunteers whose age ranged between 23 and 34 years (mean, 28.5 +/- 3.3 years) served as controls; in this group, fluorophotometry was performed twice to evaluate reproducibility. The mean BAB permeability coefficient in diabetics [P(a) = 5.3 +/- 1.8 x 10(-4)/min] was significantly increased (P = 0.00003) as compared with control values [P(a) = 3.7 +/- 0.7 x 10(-4)/min]; BRB permeability in diabetics (P = 3.2 +/- 1.4 x 10(-7) cm/s) was raised, with this elevation being of lower significance (P = 0.019; controls, P = 2.6 +/- 0.7 x 10(-7) cm/s). We found a decrease in BRB permeability depending on diabetes duration (r = -0.15; P = 0.007) that was not significant in the BAB (r = -0.1; P = 0.24). No correlation was found to exist between permeability and hemoglobin (Hb)A1c values either in the BAB or in the BRB. The reproducibility in controls was 9% in BRB determinations and 12% in BAB measurements.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Clinico-neurologic and neurophysiologic findings in hemophilic boys and their effect on social integration].

Prophylactic substitution of severe (sometimes even moderate) haemophilia (home self-treatment) has, besides other measures, not only had a positive effect on the findings in the joints but also on the danger of bleeding in the CNS. The injuries of the head in haemophiliacs are analysed and the social integration is shown (school, occupation, spare-time planning). Compared with previous information in literature the high incidence of pathological EEG findings has decreased. Without observing clinically perceptible deficits, the acoustically evoked brain stem potentials were often found to be altered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Malignant lymphomatous polyposis of the gastrointestinal tract].

Two years after endoscopic excision of several polyps of the colon (histological examination revealing infiltration by a malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma) a 67-year-old man was again found to have blood and mucus in his stool. Because local recurrence was suspected a coloscopy was performed. This revealed multiple polyps throughout the entire colon, predominantly in the sigmoid and rectum. Biopsy showed focal infiltration of the submucosa and mucosa with centrocytic non-Hodgkin lymphoma, compatible with the diagnosis of malignant lymphomatous polyposis of the gastrointestinal tract. Gastroduodenoscopy then demonstrated duodenal polyps and massive coarsening of the gastric folds due to infiltration. For the first time tumour masses were also found in the epipharynx. After 6 chemotherapy cycles according to the CHOP scheme (day 1: cyclophosphamide, 1500 mg, adriblastin, 100 mg and vincristine, 2 mg; days 1-5: prednisolone, 100 mg) all lymphoma infiltrates regressed completely. The patient has been symptom-free for 9 months.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Double-blind placebo-controlled trial of terazosin effect on blood pressure and urinary output of dopamine in hypertensive patients.

In a parallel, double-blind study, 12 untreated hypertensive patients received terazosin (2-4 mg/day for 4 weeks), and 12 received placebo during the same period. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly in the terazosin group, from 150 +/- 5.0 mmHg systolic and 99.6 +/- 2.0 diastolic before treatment, to 134.0 +/- 7.0 systolic and 85.6 +/- 3.0 mmHg diastolic at week 4 of treatment. No significant blood pressure changes occurred in the placebo group. Blood pressure decrease showed a positive correlation (r = .62 and r = .52 for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively) with the patient's age (P less than .05). Total plasma cholesterol decreased 18% in the terazosin group (P less than .05) and 9% in the placebo group (P greater than .05). Urinary dopamine excretion decreased significantly from 692.8 +/- 180.0 to 330.5 +/- 52.0 micrograms/24 hours in the terazosin group (P less than .05) and showed a nonsignificant increase in the placebo group. Compared with 22 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers, urinary dopamine excretion in the hypertensive group before treatment was not statistically different (779.3 +/- 83.1 micrograms/24 hours). Dopamine excretion was higher in untreated hypertensive men and in male healthy volunteers compared with women. The decrease of urinary dopamine excretion observed under terazosin treatment could be due to a decrease of kidney dopamine synthesis or release induced by blood pressure reduction, or secondarily to the blockade of kidney alpha 1-receptors, modulating dopamine excretion. No significant changes were observed in urinary excretion of noradrenaline and adrenaline.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of myelography combined with postmyelographic spinal CT and MRI in suspected metastatic disease of the spinal canal.

Comparison between myelography (MY) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was carried out in 36 patients with clinical suspicion of spinal cord or root compression due to metastatic disease in the spinal canal. In 3 patients metastatic lesions were visualized on MY but not on MRI, while there were no cases with a negative MY and a positive MRI. In 44% of the cases MY alone or combined with postmyelographic CT (pm-CT) showed a larger tumor extension than did MRI, while the opposite occurred in 25%. As for detection of bony metastases and tumor masses localized outside the spine there was no difference between MRI and MY + pm-CT. The results indicate that the choice between MRI and MY + pm-CT still can be based on the availability and quality of the procedure at a given institution.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Programmed cell death and its protective role with particular reference to apoptosis.

Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death involved in growth control of tissues. It is considered as a cellular suicide functionally opposite to mitosis. It may serve to remove "unwanted" damaged or dangerous, e.g. precancerous, cells. Chemical compounds can interfere with the regulatory network which controls apoptosis and can thereby stimulate or prevent cell death. Both induction or inhibition of apoptosis may result in various diseases such as of the immune system, malformation or tumor development. The protective role of apoptosis against carcinogenesis is described in some detail. Tumor formation seems to occur through several stages, namely initiation, promotion, progression, and involves formation and growth of premalignant cell populations. At least in some model systems initiated cells and premalignant cell populations have been found to exhibit enhanced cell replication, but also enhanced apoptotic activity as compared to the normal tissue. Therefore, initiated cells may be eliminated by apoptosis. Tumor promoters can inhibit apoptosis in putative preneoplastic cells and thereby accelerate tumor development. Furthermore, in hormone-dependent cancers malignant cells may undergo massive apoptosis in response to hormone withdrawal or antihormone treatment. Finally, the regulation of apoptosis will be addressed. Our results suggest that transforming growth factor beta 1, a negative regulator of epithelial tissue growth, is a signal inducing apoptosis of liver cells.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1992

Alzheimer's disease and depression.

This article reviews the empirical literature available on the phenomenon of depression in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although not extensively studied, there is accumulating evidence to suggest that depression affects a large number of patients with AD and can have profound effects on both the long-term functioning of these patients and the well-being of their caregivers. Thus far, the field is dominated by studies of prevalence. Considerably rarer are studies investigating etiology, association with other aspects of disease, impact on patients and caregivers, assessment, and treatment. The conceptual issues, methodological differences, and implications of the studies that exist thus far are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Epidermal growth factor plasma concentrations in healthy control persons, acute and chronic stress and during pregnancy.

Plasma concentrations of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) in healthy control persons do not change significantly during adult lifetime and no diurnal changes could be detected. In addition, no alterations of plasma EGF concentrations occur during acute and chronic stress and in all three trimesters of pregnancy. Thus, the previously suggested theories that EGF might play a causative role in the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis during the stress reaction and in the prevention of peptic ulcers in pregnancy could not be confirmed by the present data.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Conversion symptoms of patients in psychiatric liaison care].

At the consultation-psychiatric service of a large university hospital conversion disorders present ca. 50% of the "somatoform disorders". The rate of incidence of conversion disorders was 4% of all patients seen in the service, i.e. 20-30 referrals per annum. A report on 103 patients referred during 1987-1990 is given concerning basic sociodemographic data, symptom clusters, course of illness, age at onset of the disorder, psychiatric and family history, psychosocial conditions and intrapsychic conflicts, additional affective disorders and psychophysiological symptoms, illness behaviour, cognitive attitudes towards illness. The rate of 35% patients showing an underlying somatic disorder in addition to their conversion symptoms had to be appreciated. Possible relations of conversion disorders to affective illness, somatization disorder and neurologic disease had to be discussed as to course of illness and theoretical concepts.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

[Public patient education in pneumology].

Since February 1990 public information evenings pertaining to respiratory tract diseases have been held every month in the cities of Fellbach, Backnang and at times in Waiblingen. These sessions have met with a great show of interest from patients, doctors and the public in general, as indicated by the consistently large number of over 100 participants. This continual educational work with its accompanying measures, such as, asthma-sport, breathing exercises, and books and videos on loan, represents an effective alternative to the formally structured, patient training programs limited to a specific time period. A broad range of effectiveness is attained by engaging public media in the informative process.

Curriculum↗