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Biomedical subjects

A Wada

Publications and source records attributed to A Wada.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

High-affinity and selectivity of neosurugatoxin for the inhibition of 22Na influx via nicotinic receptor-ion channel in cultured bovine adrenal medullary cells: comparative study with histrionicotoxin.

In cultured bovine adrenal medullary cells, neosurugatoxin and histrionicotoxin inhibited carbachol-induced influx of 22Na, 45Ca and secretion of catecholamines with IC50 of 27 nM and 3 microM, respectively. The inhibitory effects of neosurugatoxin were reversed by the increased concentrations of carbachol, whereas those of histrionicotoxin were not. Histrionicotoxin at concentrations higher than 10 microM also reduced veratridine-induced influx of 22Na, 45Ca and secretion of catecholamines, while neosurugatoxin had no effects. High K-induced 45Ca influx and catecholamine secretion were not altered by either neosurugatoxin or histrionicotoxin. The present findings suggest (1) neosurugatoxin competitively inhibits nicotinic receptor-ion channel complex at nanomolar concentrations, but has no effects on voltage-dependent Na channel and voltage-dependent Ca channel; (2) histrionicotoxin at micromolar concentrations non-competitively suppresses nicotinic receptor-ion channel complex. Higher concentrations of histrionicotoxin also interferes with voltage-dependent Na channel, but has no effect on voltage-dependent Ca channel; (3) neosurugatoxin, due to its high-affinity and selectivity, may be a useful probe for studying nicotinic receptors in nervous tissues.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1989

A case of malignant rhabdoid tumor arising from soft parts in the prepubic region.

An extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumor arising from soft parts in the prepubic region of a 37-year-old man is described. This case appears to be unusual with regard to its location and age at onset. To our knowledge, the patient is the oldest recorded in whom such a lesion has arisen. Histologically, the tumor consisted of an admixture of polygonal and elongated cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm frequently containing hyaline-like globules. Ultrastructurally, these cytoplasmic inclusions were compatible with intermediate filaments. Immunohistochemical staining disclosed keratin (non-squamous epithelial type) and epithelial membrane antigen positivity. These characteristic features were identical to malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney seen in infants and young children. This extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumor showed an aggressive clinical course, although its exact histogenesis was unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Sparsomycin analogs. VI. Synthesis and antitumor activity of octylsparsomycin analogs.

Five sparsomycin analogs (9-13) were prepared and examined for their ability to inhibit deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis in L5178Y lymphoma cells. All of the compounds showed significant activity in the DNA synthesis assay. The compounds having Rc configuration exhibited almost the same activities independently of the configuration at the sulfoxide sulfur atom. Among the Sc isomers, the Rs configuration was advantageous for the appearance of activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Kappa/lambda ratios in IgG, IgA and IgM of cerebrospinal fluid and of sera in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Kappa/lambda (kappa/lambda) ratios of each immunoglobulin, i.e. IgG, IgA and IgM in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in sera of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) were analysed by sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. In CSF kappa/lambda ratios of IgG of MS patients were significantly (p less than 0.05) higher than those of normal controls, whereas the values of IgA and IgM did not differ significantly from those of normal controls. In sera kappa/lambda ratios of IgG, IgA and IgM did not differ significantly from those of normal controls. Our results suggest that in MS patients abnormal kappa/lambda ratios are also restricted to IgG components in CSF, as oligoclonal IgG bands are.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of prognostic factors in patients with locally advanced breast cancer treated with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy as an induction therapy].

A retrospective analysis was undertaken on a series of 75 patients with locally advanced breast cancer treated with intraarterial infusion chemotherapy as an induction therapy. Several parameters were tested as to possible prognostic variables. Of these, only histological assessment of local response influenced survival; patients with good histological response had a better prognosis than those with poor response (77% versus 47% survival at 5 years). Thus, histological effect appeared to be an important prognostic factor in this treatment strategy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Usefulness of partial splenic embolization (PSE) in hepatocellular carcinomas showing a risk of gastrointestinal bleeding after transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE)].

We have examined 103 patients with a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who were treated by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) with a partial splenic embolization (PSE) (n = 5) or without a PSE (n = 98). It was found that gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding after TAE occurred in 10 (10.2%) out of the 98 TAE patients and within 10 days after the TAE. In these GI bleeding after TAE patients, the platelet counts were significantly low and marked splenomegaly was seen. It also was found that there was a risk of GI bleeding after TAE in cases showing thrombocytopenia (less than 50,000/microliters) and marked splenomegaly with a splenic index of more than 50. In 5 patients with a high risk of GI bleeding, for whom a PSE was performed, the platelet counts were markedly increased even four weeks after the TAE. The survival rate of TAE patients given a PSE was significantly higher than in TAE patients manifesting a risk of GI bleeding. From these results, it would seem that TAE patients given a PSE is the better therapy for HCC patients manifesting a risk of GI bleeding.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1989

[A case of metastatic liver cell carcinoma in the abdominal wall due to direct skin invasion from protruding liver tumor].

A case of a hepatocellular carcinoma with a metastasis to abdominal wall is reported. The patient was a 52-year-old man who, in December, 1982, had been found to have a 16 x 13 cm of tumor in the right lobe of the liver. He received transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) several times and a hepatic segmentectomy twice. He survived more than six years until his death on January, 17, 1989. A subcutaneous tumor that had appeared in May, 1988 had gradually increased in size and was found to have reached 6 x 5.5 x 2.5 cm on autopsy. The tumor had connected directly with the liver tumor.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1989

[Study on gypsum hardener].

The purpose of this study was to search for an appropriate condition for shortening the treatment time of gypsum hardener, Plaster Aid. In order to keep the increased strength of plaster with this new hardener, compressive strength and dimensional change in various conditions of heating temperature, heating time and drying time were examined. The following results were obtained. 1. High compressive strength was maintained in the condition of 70 degrees C of heating temperature, with more than 15 minutes of heating time and more than 15 minutes of drying time. In this condition up to 90 minutes could be saved in comparison with the conventional method. 2. Plaster models had a tendency to shrink in the condition of 70 degrees C of heating temperature.

Calcium Sulfate↗
PubMed1989

The difference in malignancy between pedunculated and sessile polypoid lesions of the gallbladder.

Surgically resected polypoid lesions of the gallbladder from 97 patients were evaluated to determine both the shape (pedunculated or sessile) and diameter of the polypoid lesions, in association with malignancy. At the time of analysis, the largest polypoid lesion examined was when two or more lesions were detected in one patient because they were histologically the same. Carcinoma was noted in 9 (13%) of the 67 pedunculated lesions and in 10 (33%) of the 30 sessile lesions. The sessile carcinoma was 14 +/- 4 mm (8-20 mm) in maximum diameter, which was not significantly larger than the 8 +/- 4 mm of the benign polyps, but significantly smaller than the 22 +/- 8 mm (14-35 mm) of pedunculated carcinomas (p less than 0.05). Cancer invasion extended beyond the muscular layer in eight cases (80%) of sessile carcinoma, and two of them were 10 mm or less in diameter. On the other hand, cancer invasion was beyond the muscular layer in two cases (22%) of pedunculated carcinoma (p less than 0.05), and these two were 30 mm or more in diameter. Likewise, sessile carcinoma was characterized by both a higher incidence of nodal involvement and poorer prognosis, compared with pedunculated carcinoma. These findings indicate that surgery should be undertaken when sessile polyps are detected by ultrasonography, even though the polyp may be less than 10 mm in diameter. On the other hand, with regard to the pedunculated type, malignancy should be suspected when the polyp is more than 10 mm in diameter.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical experiences with intraluminal irradiation using 198Au grains in the treatment of bile duct carcinoma].

Three cases of a bile duct carcinoma were treatment with radiotherapy, using intracatheterized 198Au grains. The intracatheter 198Au grains, placed in an inner tube, were inserted into a percutaneous transhepatic catheter. The number of 198Au grains used depended upon the length of the tumor. Tips of plastic were placed between the grains to improve the spatial and temporal dose allocation. The number of grains used can be changed quite easily, according to the length of the tumor, and the period of insertion in our cases was shorter than for a 192Ir wire. These three patients also received external irradiation and, since completion of treatment, two have continued to do well for the past 5 months. There have been no systemic or local complication.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Two homologous oncogenes, HST1 and INT2, are closely located in human genome.

Pulsed field gel electrophoresis and Southern blot analysis showed that the human oncogenes, HST1 and INT2, which code for proteins homologous to fibroblast growth factors, are less than 45 kb apart on the long arm of chromosome 11. Moreover, analysis of two overlapping cosmid clones, one containing INT2 and the other HST1 sequences, showed that HST1 is located about 35 kb downstream of INT2 in the same transcriptional orientation. The observed close proximity of the INT2 and HST1 genes may provide important insight on the origin and regulation of expression of these related genes.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1988

Vestiges of lost introns in the thermal stability map of DNA.

The absence of introns in prokaryotic genes has been explained by intron loss on various bases. Here we report another piece of evidence on intron loss, which was found in the thermal stability map of DNA. We calculated the local melting temperature of cDNA sequences and found that (i) gaps in thermal stability tend to occur near intron positions with a statistical significance, and (ii) one-third of the gaps far from intron positions can be assigned to lost introns. From these results we conclude that the gaps of thermal stability in protein coding regions are the vestiges of lost introns.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The effects of guanine and cytosine variation on dinucleotide frequency and amino acid composition in the human genome.

One hundred twelve human DNA sequences were analyzed with respect to dinucleotide frequency and amino acid composition. The variation in guanine and cytosine (G + C) content revealed: (1) at 2-3 and 3-1 doublet positions CG discrimination is attenuated at high G + C, but TA disfavor is enhanced, and (2) several amino acids are subject to G + C change. These findings have been reported in part for collections of sequences from various species. The present study confirms that in a single organism--the human--the G + C effects do exist. Aspects of the argument that connects G + C with protein thermal stability are also discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Aldosterone biosynthesis in mitochondria of isolated zones of adrenal cortex.

An assumption that the aldosterone-synthesizing enzyme exists only in zona glomerulosa cells apparently contradicts our recent findings that a purified bovine adrenocortical cytochrome P-45011 beta catalyzes the aldosterone formation and the enzyme exists in both zones of the adrenal cortex. To gain more insight into the zone specificity of aldosterone production, the aldosterone-synthesizing activity of mitochondria prepared from the isolated zones of adrenal cortex of various animal species was investigated. The intact mitochondria from the bovine or porcine zonae fasciculata-reticularis could not produce aldosterone whereas those from the zona glomerulosa produced it at a significant rate. When the mitochondria from the zonae fasciculata-reticularis were solubilized by the addition of cholate, they produced aldosterone from corticosterone at a rate comparable to that of those from the zona glomerulosa. The presence of specific factor(s) in the zonae fasciculata-reticularis mitochondria inhibiting expression of the aldosterone synthetic activity is discussed. The mitochondria of the rat zonae fasciculata-reticularis could hardly catalyze aldosterone synthesis under the detergent-solubilized conditions, whereas those of the zona glomerulosa could. Immunoblot analysis revealed that the mitochondria of the zonae fasciculata-reticularis contained a protein of Mr 51,000 which was immunocrossreactive with a monoclonal antibody directed against P-45011 beta, whereas those of the zona glomerulosa contained two immunocrossreactive proteins of Mr 51,000 and 49,000. These results suggest that in the case of rat adrenal cortex, a specific aldosterone-synthesizing enzyme exists in the zona glomerulosa.

18-Hydroxycorticosterone↗