An experimental brain tumor model in rabbits.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
A W Silberman
Publications and source records attributed to A W Silberman.
Thermal distribution of magnetic-loop induction hyperthermia in phantoms and animals: effect of the living state and velocity of heating.
Hyperthermia has shown promise for the treatment of cancer. The magnetrode radio-frequency magnetic-loop induction applicator was recently introduced and is being evaluated at many centers with encouraging initial results. This investigation was undertaken to delineate the thermal distribution patterns of magnetrode hyperthermia in both normal tissue phantoms and healthy dogs. Temperatures on homogeneous and heterogeneous tissue equivalents and animal tissue phantoms, a dead animal extremity, a dead dog and a live dog subjected to rapid high-dose heating showed preferential and potentially injurious peripheral heating with a central "cold spot." However, sequential moderate-dose heating in live dogs showed virtually uniform (less than 1 degree C) and potentially tumoricidal temperatures greater than or equal to 42 degrees C in both peripheral and central internal organs without injury to surface tissues. These data indicate that magnetic-loop induction can produce potentially safe and effective deep central heat in living, normal animals, but that safety and effectiveness are significantly influenced by the velocity of heat deposition. Furthermore, normal tissue phantom models and dead animals are unreliable predictors of magnetrode heat patterns in living systems.
Animals↗
Surgical debulking of tumors.
Surgical debulking of tumors is a procedure whereby a surgically incurable malignant neoplasm is partially removed without curative intent in order to make subsequent therapy with drugs, radiation or other adjunctive measures more effective and, thereby, improve the length of survival. Debulking has been advocated for carcinoma of the testis and ovary, a subtype of lymphoma, sarcoma, renal cell carcinoma, adrenal and other endocrine-related tumors, neoplasms of the central nervous system and other miscellaneous tumors. Nonrandomized data indicate that surgical debulking is rarely indicated; however, complete resection of all gross disease following intensive chemotherapy is indicated for advanced carcinoma of the testis. Complete or nearly complete resection of all gross disease prior to chemotherapy is indicated for advanced carcinoma of the ovary and possibly for Burkitt's lymphoma. Prospective randomized studies of all three of these malignant conditions would be appropriate, and an evaluation of preoperative intensive chemotherapy for advanced carcinoma of the ovary and Burkitt's lymphoma also may be warranted.
Antineoplastic Agents↗
Staging laparotomy for Hodgkin's disease.
The advantages of staging laparotomy in Hodgkin's disease include accurate staging and elimination of the need for prophylactic radiation therapy to the upper part of the abdomen and spleen in those patients who did not undergo exploration, thereby decreasing the chance of a complication of therapy. The disadvantages of laparotomy include the morbidity of the procedure as well as its attendant inconvenience and cost.
Adolescent↗
The "bedside" peritoneovenous shunt.
A bedside alternative to the LeVeen peritoneovenous shunt for the management of ascites is described. The bedside technique has several advantages over the LeVeen shunt, including ease of insertion and lower cost. In addition, the bedside shunt provides precise control over the volume of ascites infused into the vascular space and aids in the timing of diuretic administration. The bedside system may be definitive short-term therapy for ascites, or it could predict which patient will respond successfully to a LeVeen shunt.
Ascites↗
Clinical radiofrequency hyperthermia by magnetic-loop induction.
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Clinical Trials as Topic↗
Parenteral nutrition, biochemistry and respiratory gas exchange.
Lipid-based total parenteral nutrition (TPN) may have an advantage over glucose-based TPN in certain patients because less carbon dioxide is produced. This conclusion, however, does not properly derive from respiratory quotient (RQ) data. Stoichiometric analysis of glucose and lipid metabolism leads to conclusions similar clinically but at variance conceptually with those based on RQ. Thus, changing from glucose to lipid oxidation is associated with an 11% increase in oxygen consumption, a 23% decrease in carbon dioxide production, and a fall in RQ. In contrast, the diversion of glucose metabolism to synthesis of palmitylstearyloleyl triglyceride results in an 8-fold increase in RQ, but contrary to widely published concepts, the rate of carbon dioxide production falls by 68%. However, even this reduced carbon dioxide production associated with lipogenesis is undesirable because it is not associated with significant ATP production.
Adenosine Triphosphate↗