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Biomedical subjects

A Villani

Publications and source records attributed to A Villani.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The identification of neuroapraxia, axonostenosis and trigger zone in facial nerve pathology.

The classical electromyographic investigations and simultaneous recordings of voluntary activity and M responses from muscles of both the upper and lower branch of the facial nerve were carried out in 5 patients with Bell's palsy. R1 responses were also recorded. All investigations were extended to the healthy side. With the aim of localizing the point of axonostenosis with axonal atrophy we investigated the following parameters: conduction velocity (c.v.) in the fallopian canal, c.v. in the external facial nerve, side difference of R1-M. In one case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with previous Bell's palsy signs of collateral sprouting and of ephaptic transmission were detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effectiveness of intraoperative L.E.S. pressure measurement during Nissen-Rossetti fundoplication.

A study was made to evaluate the effectiveness of Lower Esophageal Sphincter Pressure (L.E.S.P.) measurement during Nissen antireflux procedure. Thirty-five patients affected by reflux esophagitis were submitted preoperatively to X-ray examination, endoscopy and esophageal biopsy, intraluminal esophageal manometry and 24 hour pH monitoring of the distal esophagus. Intraoperative measurement of L.E.S.P. was performed before and after Nissen fundoplication. In 30 patients a follow-up (average 32 months after surgery) was performed by clinical, radiographic and pH (24 hour monitoring) evaluation. Complete relieve of symptoms was obtained in patients showing a L.E.S.P. between 25 and 30 mm Hg after fundoplication. Symptoms of "post-fundoplication syndrome" were observed in two subjects with a L.E.S.P. more than 30 mm Hg. On the other hand, one patient with sphincteric pressure of less than 25 mm Hg suffered from postoperative recurrence of gastroesophageal reflux. The effectiveness of intraoperative L.E.S.P. measurement to verify the adequacy of Nissen fundoplication is emphasized. It is also postulated that good results can be obtained when surgical repair is associated with a range of intraoperative sphincteric pressure between 25 and 30 mm Hg.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Various aspects of intensive therapy in myasthenia gravis].

Clinical experience acquired in the intensive treatment of 168 myasthenic patients after thymectomy, for respiratory insufficiency due to myasthenic or cholinergic crisis, after hormone treatment, or immediately after various forms of surgery is described. Particular attention is devoted to problems faced in respiratory care, anticholinesterasic and metabolic treatment, and in the prevention and treatment of infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Lumbar epidural anesthesia in peripheral arteriography].

A brief survey of the difficulties associated with the intra-arterial administration of contrast media during peripheral arteriography is followed by an assessment of anaesthesiological and arteriographic results obtained with lumbar peridural anaesthesia in a group of patients. Complete analgesia, block of the sympathic, and motor block gave particular assistance in the securing of optimum definition of the radiographical picture of the peripheral circulation. These and other advantages offered by peridural anaesthesia suggest that it is a valid technique for peripheral arteriography.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1980

[Cardiac contusion in closed injuries of the thorax].

Cardiac contusion is a fairly frequent clinical event in closed chest traumas. The diagnostic problems it involves influence prognosis in these patients and, in effect, prevention, speedy recognition and early treatment of the complications of cardiac contusion are essential for therapy. Here the incidence of cardiac contusion in a group of patients with closed chest trauma is analysed and the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects are examined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The significane of measurement of osmolality in critically ill patients.

The plasma and urine osmolality and their ratios were measured in 774 patients in critical care. We found that changes in osmolality were related to the alterations of ratios of sodium ion, glucose, blood urea nitrogen and unknown metabolites, and this knowledge may be of therapeutic and prognostic value.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1978

Osmolality measurements in heart disease.

A study of the variations of plasma and urinary osmolality in patients with acute myocardial infarction and heart failure of different origin was made. It was shown that the plasma osmolality may be related to the clinical evolution of heart disease. The effectiveness of monitoring the osmolality in establishing the alterations of water-electrolyte balance is also reported.

Heart Failure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma cortisol in open-heart surgery.

In view of disagreements about changes in plasma cortisol, during and after open-heart surgery, a group of patients was studied with both unconjugated plasma cortisol, and anaesthetic, surgical and pharmacological factors that could interfere with the response, being analysed.

Adolescent↗