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Biomedical subjects

A Villa

Publications and source records attributed to A Villa.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Anatomical study of the fibrosing action of Corynebacterium parvum in malignant pleural effusion].

Intrapleural injection of Corynebacterium parvum (CBP) has recently been used for the treatment of recurrent neoplastic pleural effusions and its mechanism of action has been suggested to be either a local fibrosis-stimulating effect or immunostimulation. The case is reported of a patient with pleuritis secondary to metastases of mammary carcinoma, treated with CBP plus methylprednisolone, who died five days after the treatment because of an acute myocardial infarction. The pathologic examination showed fibrinous pleuritis with an interconnecting network between the visceral and parietal pleura.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Ilizarov treatment of tibial nonunions with bone loss.

Twenty-five patients aged 19-62 years were treated for tibial nonunions (22 atrophic, three hypertrophic) with bone loss (1-23 cm, mean 6.2 cm) by the Ilizarov technique and fixator. Thirteen had chronic osteomyelitis, 19 had a limb-length discrepancy (2-11 cm), 12 had a bony defect (1-16 cm), and 13 had a deformity. Six had a bone defect with no shortening, 13 had shortening with no defect, and six had both a bone defect and shortening. Nonunion, bone defects, limb shortening, and deformity can all be addressed simultaneously with the Ilizarov apparatus. Bone defects were closed from within without bone grafts by the Ilizarov bone transport technique of sliding a bone fragment internally, producing distraction osteogenesis behind it until the defect is bridged (internal lengthening). Length was reestablished by distraction of a percutaneous corticotomy or through compression and subsequent distraction of the pseudarthrosis site (external lengthening). Distraction osteogenesis resulting from both processes obviated the need for a bone graft in every case. Deformity was corrected by means of hinges on the apparatus. Infection was treated by radical resection of the necrotic bone and internal lengthening to regenerate the excised bone. Union was achieved in all cases. The mean time to union was 13.6 months, but it was only 10.6 months if the time taken for unsuccessful compression-distraction of the nonunion is eliminated from the calculation. The bone results were excellent in 18 cases, good in five, and fair in two based on union in all cases, persistent infection in three, deformity in four, and limb shortening in one. The functional results were excellent in 16 cases, good in seven, fair in one, and poor in one based on return to work and daily activities in all cases, limp in four cases, equinus deformity in five cases, dystrophy in four cases, pain in four cases, and voluntary amputation for neurogenic pain in one case.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Is malignant mesothelioma of the pleura only an occupational disease?].

Ten cases of pleural malignant mesothelioma identified histologically at the Department of General Medicine in May 1983-June 1987, are examined in this paper. Occupational risk factors and clinical features are discussed. Only one patient (10%) was subjected to occupational risk of asbestos exposure (as a smith) while the other nine patients showed a negative anamnesis for direct or indirect asbestos exposure. However, one of these patients was a tram-driver. The patients' mean age was 69 years old. 7 patients were males. 7 patients were born in an industrialized urban environment, 3 were born in an agricultural environment: all had been living in Milan for many years. Pleural fluid cytology was only useful in the diagnosis of 2 cases. This study suggests that pleural malignant mesothelioma is a neoplasm which also affects people not exposed to asbestos at work and that its frequency is increasing. The most probable cause is environmental contamination by asbestos of urban industrialized areas. Thus, it is necessary to eliminate this mineral from all manufacturing processes in which asbestos is not indispensable.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

An analysis in human lymphomas of a J alpha region involved in a c-myc/J alpha translocation; relationship with TCR alpha, beta, and gamma rearrangements.

The D14S7 locus defines the breakpoint on chromosome 14 of a t (8;14) (q24;q11) present in the T-cell line KE37-R in which DI4S7 sequences translocate 3' to the c-myc oncogene. It has been shown previously that DI4S7 rearranges specifically in some but not all T cell clones and in the present study we investigated the frequency and specificity of its rearrangements in human fresh lymphoma samples. DI4S7 rearrangements were extremely specific since they were detected in 3 out of 5 T-cell lymphoma samples positive for TCR beta and gamma but not in 17 miscellaneous non-T lymphomas, 4 non neoplastic lymphnodes as well as unstimulated and activated polyclonal T-cells. Most of the rearrangements were in the form of deletions that appear to involve large pieces of DNA since the segments detected by a V alpha probe were also deleted. Rearrangement of DI4S7 and V alpha regions were detected in lymphomas with a cortical thymocyte phenotype, demonstrating that they appear quite early in the differentiation of T cells.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14↗
PubMed1988

Specificity of the rearrangements of the T-cell receptor gamma gene in human lymphomas.

The structure and function of the human T-cell rearranging gamma gene are not completely understood. Several reports have suggested that this gene rearranges specifically in normal T cells, but the pattern of rearrangement in human lymphoid neoplasms is not clear. Some authors have described the rearrangements of this gene in unmanipulated leukemias as relatively specific for T-derived tumors, whereas others were unable to observe such specificity in malignant lymphomas. The present paper reports the analysis of the structure of the gamma gene in 32 lymphoid samples of different origin, with emphasis on non-T lymphomas. Four out of four T-cell lymphomas had this gene rearranged, whereas none of the 17 cases of B-cell lymphomas, 5 of Hodgkin's disease or 6 of nonneoplastic lesions showed any alterations of the gamma gene. Therefore, our data support the relative specificity of the gamma gene rearrangements in human T-cell malignant proliferations.

Genes, Immunoglobulin↗
PubMed1988

Limb lengthening in achondroplasia by Ilizarov's method.

In achondroplasts limb lengthening can restore the normal proportion of the body. The Ilizarov method of limb lengthening has been used in 37 patients, 23 of whom have had an adequate follow-up after operation. In this technique the cortex of the bone is partially cut, leaving the medulla intact; the two bone segments are then subjected to distraction by means of a special apparatus. The bone tissue between the two segments starts regenerating and this allows a considerable increase in length. The results and complications are reported. It is considered that this method is based on sound principles and is free of major risks.

Achondroplasia↗
PubMed1988

Primary hypothyroidism due to leukemic infiltration of the thyroid gland.

We describe a patient with acute B-lymphocyte lymphoblastic leukemia who developed laboratory changes (not detectable free thyroxine, TSH 66 microIU/ml) suggesting severe primary hypothyroidism. Histological examination at autopsy showed massive leukemic infiltration of the thyroid gland: the progressive reduction of thyroid hormone levels with concomitant increase in TSH levels observed over a three-month period from the onset of the hemopathy suggests a cause-effect relationship between leukemic infiltration of the thyroid gland and hypothyroidism.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Localization of synapsin I at the frog neuromuscular junction.

We report here the results of immunocytochemical and biochemical studies on the localization of synapsin I, a nerve terminal--specific phosphoprotein, at the frog neuromuscular junction. Our results show that in this in situ synapse synapsin I is concentrated in the presynaptic compartment, where it appears to be associated with the synaptic vesicle membrane. Double immunoprecipitated synapsin I from homogenates of frog cutaneous pectoris muscles could be phosphorylated by the catalytic subunit of cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase after gel electrophoresis and blotting onto nitrocellulose and could be subsequently identified by an immunoperoxidase technique. Experiments carried out in frog brain preparations indicate that frog synapsin I, like the mammalian protein, can be phosphorylated at different sites by exogenously added catalytic subunit of cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II prepared from mammalian sources. The phosphorylation sites of frog synapsin I, as judged by phosphopeptide mapping, are somewhat different from those of mammalian synapsin I. The study of synapsin I and of the regulation of its state of phosphorylation at the neuromuscular junction may provide important information on its role in synaptic function, since at the present time this is one of the few systems in which a correlation among biochemical, immunocytochemical and electrophysiological results is possible.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy mimicking clinical picture of Budd-Chiari syndrome].

A case of a patient with clinical picture of hepatosplenomegaly, portal hypertension, dilatation of hepatic veins and inferior vena cava, without venous thrombosis or other causes of obstruction of right-sided heart, is described. This picture is compatible with the Budd-Chiari syndrome. Echocardiography has shown a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy causing relevant dilatation of both atria and it has allowed us to exclude the presence of a constrictive pericarditis. The hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is first considered as a cardiac cause of cirrhosis mimicking the Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[A substance with antibacterial and antifungal activity. V. Synthesis and microbiological activity of new derivatives of 1,5-diarylpyrrole].

The synthesis and antifungal activities of new 1,5-diarylpyrrole derivatives are reported. The N-methylpiperazinyl substituent must be regarded as fundamental to activity. Furthermore the presence of substituents on the para position of the two phenyl rings and the presence of halogen atoms can be considered strengthening factors to microbiological activity. The results obtained are discussed on the basis of structure-activity relationship.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1988

[Pathology of the myocardium and coronary vessels in sudden cardiac death. A post-mortem study of 130 cases].

Autopsies were performed on 130 cases of sudden death (38 F, 92 M) i.e. death occurring in the space of a very few minutes in apparently healthy subjects, in order to examine the anatomopathological alterations to the heart. Varying degrees of coronary sclerosis were noted in 91.5%, thrombosis of one or more coronary vessels in 32.3%, acute histologically evident myocardial infarction in 54.6%.

Adult↗