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Biomedical subjects

A Vianello

Publications and source records attributed to A Vianello.

101 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
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Flow-cytometric study of granulocyte activation during hemodialysis with different membranes.

Flow cytometry allows an easy quantitation of reactive oxygen intermediate production and of C3bi receptor expression by granulocytes, thus providing a clinical tool to evaluate the hemodialysis-related granulocyte activation. In this flowcytometric study, we analyzed the effects of cellulosic, synthetic polyacrylonitrile, and ethylene-vinyl-alcohol dialyzers on granulocyte membrane and function. Our results confirmed the data reported in the literature on granulocyte activation secondary to cellulosic membranes and the better biocompatibility of synthetic dialyzers that did not increase C3bi receptor expression and reactive oxygen intermediate generation by granulocytes. The flow-cytometric analysis of granulocyte activation might be the method of choice to identify the best patient/membrane interaction in every single patient.

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[Mass transfer of magnesium in hemodialysis].

The rate of mass-transfer (MT) of magnesium during hemodialysis was studied in thirty-five patients with hypermagnesemia (Mg = 3.75 +/- 0.72 mg/dl) undergoing chronic hemodialysis. The aim of the study was to verify which is the best dialytical approach to remove the excess of magnesium. The concentration of Mg in the dialysate was of 1.82 mg/dl for all patients. MT was -0.51 +/- 0.36 g and no statistical difference was found between patients treated with cuprophan hollow fibers dialyzers, PAN and cuprophan plates. Mg MT is not correlated with dialysis duration (r = -0.23; p:ns), urea clearance (r = -0.08; p:ns), KT/V index (r = -0.03; p:ns), blood flow (r = -0.15; p:ns). In conclusion from our data, in agreement with other Authors, reduction of serum Mg levels is more convenient by obtained by a decrease in Mg concentration in the dialysate under 1.82 mg/dl, in order to increase the blood-dialysate concentration gradient.

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[Plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide and its relationship with arterial blood pressure before and after peritoneal dialysate infusion].

The acute modifications of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) plasma levels due to intraperitoneal dialysate infusion and the relationship between ANP and arterial blood pressure were studied in 17 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). ANP plasma levels were 159.18 +/- 87.06 pg/ml 30' minutes after 2.000 ml of peritoneal dialysate filling (t = 2.55; p less than 0.02). There was no correlation between ANP and arterial blood pressure neither before (r = -0.10; p = n.s.), nor after intraperitoneal dialysate infusion (r = 0.05; p = n.s.).

Adult↗
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[Cardiac rhythm disorder in infection caused by cytomegalovirus in patients with kidney transplant].

A higher incidence of arrhythmias was observed in 16 renal allograft recipients infected with Cytomegalovirus (CMV), as compared to 26 patients who were transplanted during the same period and did not contract the infection (43.7% vs. 3.8%; p less than 0.01). There was a highly significant difference in the incidence of sinus tachycardia (37.5% infected vs. 0% not infected; p less than 0.005), while the incidences of atrial fibrillation and ventricular ectopic beats were not significantly different. The arrhythmias always appeared in the early phases of the infection and disappeared after a certain period, lasting from one week to months. It is proposed that arrhythmias arising during CMV infection may be due to a myocardial CMV involvement.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Follow-up of the preterm child at 1 year of correct age: assessment of development risk].

Longitudinal follow-up of preterm neonates after discharge from Intensive Care satisfies the family's need for support and ensures an ongoing link with the hospital concerned, but must be based on a specific, sensitive and predictive screening program. We report a prospective cohort study in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) using the Perinatal Risk Inventory (PERI)1, at discharge. Of 87 consecutive newborn referred to the tertiary NICU at the Pediatrics Department of Padua University in 1993 (gestational age > or = 25 weeks, weight at birth < 1500 g), 65 (75%) survived: 54 cases complied with the Fitzhardinge '80 criteria and were followed up to at least 1 year (corrected age). A further 18 neonates with neonatal cerebral problems were also considered. The PERI at discharge was combined with neonatological and neuro-evolutional evaluation and examination of neuro-sensorial development indicators at the corrected ages of 0, 3, 6 and 12 months. PERI scores were: < or = 7 in 36; 8-11 in 22; > 11 in 14. The cut off point at 7 to 11 increases the sensitivity, the specificity and the predictive values of the test. At 1 year (corrected age), 6 patients (8.3%) had a diagnosis of spastic diplegia and 2 (2.7%) had spastic hemiplegia. The relative risk of cerebral paralysis was 4.5 in the neonates with IVH 4 degrees, odds ratio 6.7, and 3.6 in the 16 patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), odds ratio 4.7. 72 patients were selected for follow-up by the Fitzhardinge '80 criteria, whereas with the PERI (cut off point 7) only 44 neonates would have been selected. This confirms the need for new criteria in recruiting preterm neonates for longitudinal follow-up to quantify neurological risks, particularly in view of the socioeconomic impact of the problem.

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