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Biomedical subjects

A Venet

Publications and source records attributed to A Venet.

63 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Study of pulmonary lymphocyte populations obtained by alveolar lavage].

Purified alveolar lymphocytes obtained by bronchial lavage have been studied in 66 subjects: 8 normals, 24 sarcoidosis, 8 tuberculosis, 4 hypersensitivity pneumonitis, 6 collagen diseases and 16 miscellaneous. The following T and B lymphocyte markers have been used: E and EAC Rosettes, Surface membrane immunoglobulins, la antigen and human T lymphocyte antigens. The PHA or ConA responses of some blood and alveolar lymphocyte cultures have also been compared. The results emphasize: -- the tight correlation between the different marker techniques to T and B lymphocytes; -- the larger increases of T lymphocytes in active vs inactive sarcoidosis (p less than 0.001); -- the difference in T lymphocyte number in active vs inactive tuberculosis and in treated vs untreated miliary tuberculosis; -- the absence of alveolar lymphocyte increase in collagen diseases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

B-cell continuous epitopes of the SIVmac-251 envelope protein in experimentally infected macaques.

The humoral immune response of 34 macaques experimentally infected with SIVmac-251 was studied using a combination of an epitope library and synthetic peptides. The course of the immune response was checked for up to 9 months postinfection with a panel of clones expressing SIV fragments. A systematic study was performed with synthetic peptides covering the whole transmembrane (TM) and external (SU) envelope proteins. Seven major immunodominant epitopes were characterized. Four are localized in the SU protein: one in the V1 region (111-130), one in the Cys loop of the V3 region (311-330) and two in the C-terminal end (501-520 and 511-530). Three are localized in the TM protein: one in the extracellular domain (601-619), one in the anchor domain (731-750) and one in the intracytoplasmic domain (861-881). Among these epitopes, only one, 601-619, was found to be reactive with all sera and can be defined as the principal immunodominant epitope.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Study of the immunogenicity of different recombinant Mengo viruses expressing HIV1 and SIV epitopes.

Recombinant Mengo viruses expressing heterologous genes have proven to be safe and immunogenic in both mice and primates, and to be able to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses (Altmeyer et al., 1995, 1996). Several recombinant Mengo viruses expressing either a large region (aa 65-206) of the HIV1 nef gene product, or cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopic regions from the SIV Gag (aa 182-190), Nef (aa 155-178) and Pol (aa 587-601) gene products were engineered. The heterologous antigens were expressed either as fusion proteins with the Mengo virus leader (L) protein, or in cleaved form through autocatalytic cleavage by the foot-and-mouth disease virus 2A protein. Rhesus macaques and BALB/c mice inoculated with the Mengo virus SIV recombinants failed to develop CTL responses against the SIV gene products, while one of the HIV-Nef recombinants induced a weak CTL response in mice directed to an HIV1 Nef peptide spanning positions 182-198. In contrast, BALB/c mice immunized with vaccinia virus recombinants expressing HIV1 Nef developed a strong CTL response to the 182-198 peptide and also responded to a second peptide spanning positions 73-81. These results indicate that Mengo virus recombinants expressing HIV1 Nef and SIV CTL epitopes are weak immunogens. One of the fusion recombinants expressing SIV CTL epitopes failed to infect macaques even when used at high doses, while the recombinant expressing HIV1 Nef as a fusion protein failed to infect BALB/c mice. These results demonstrate that the expression of certain heterologous sequences as fusion proteins with L can result in the loss of the ability of the recombinant to infect normally susceptible animals.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lymphocytic interstitial pneumopathy in AIDS-related complex. Presence of the LAV virus in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid].

A new case of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis developed in the course of a persistent generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome is reported. The patient was a 30-year old Haitian woman with only her ethnic risk factor. Broncho-alveolar lavage showed high cellularity with mostly major lymphocytosis (76%) and a fall of the OK T4/OK T8 ratio to 0.23. The LAV was isolated from the lavage fluid lymphocytes on the same day and within the same culture time as from blood, using lymphocyte culture and measurement of reverse transcriptase activity in the supernatant fluid of cell cultures. This, together with the strongly positive (1/80) LAV serology in fluid as compared with blood (1/640), suggested that the LAV virus was directly or indirectly involved in the pneumonitis, being responsible for lymphocyte proliferation as it is in lymph nodes. No superinfection with a bacterial, fungal or other than LAV viral agent was found in blood or in lavage fluid. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis is uncommon in AIDS or ARC (13 cases reported), but its incidence no doubt is underestimated, as it may be latent. It certainly accounts for the high lymphocyte count observed in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid in the absence of superinfection and, most probably, for many cases of so-called "non-specific pneumonia". In 1986, patients with apparently primary lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis should be investigated for AIDS or ARC.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lung in acquired immune deficiency syndrome: infectious and immunological status assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage.

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) has been performed in 63 patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 20 patients with chronic generalized lymphadenopathy (CGL) for the diagnosis of lung opportunistic infections and analysis of immune effector cells of the lower respiratory tract. In patients with AIDS, Pneumocystis carinii was found in 63%. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia was assessed by viral cultures of BAL fluid and microscopic examination: CMV was found in 62% and 39% respectively. Mycobacteria were encountered in 22% of cases. Altogether BAL yielded at least one opportunistic agent in 94% of patients who presented with clinical and/or radiographic pulmonary involvement, and in 80% of patients who presented with fever only. Conversely BAL was negative in all patients with CGL, except one positive CMV culture. Analysis of BAL cells revealed an increased cellularity in AIDS and CGL patients with normal numbers of alveolar macrophages. Alveolar lymphocytes were surprisingly increased in most patients with AIDS (mean 26.1 +/- 21.9%; range 1-76%) and CGL (mean 26.6 +/- 22.6%; range 3-76%) with criteria of activation contrasting with the blood lymphopenia. Evaluation of lung lymphocyte phenotypes revealed a marked decrease in T4 cell percentages, specially in AIDS, whereas the large majority of alveolar lymphocytes expressed the T8 phenotype. We conclude that BAL is a very reliable means for diagnosis of opportunistic lung infections and give interesting prospects to study local immunity in patients with AIDS and CGL.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗