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Biomedical subjects

A V Moore

Publications and source records attributed to A V Moore.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Computed tomography of cystic neck masses.

Computed tomography (CT) of the neck has been primarily applied to the assessment of malignant disease with few reports describing its utility in benign conditions. The authors report 13 cases of cystic neck masses evaluated by CT. Pathological conditions included brachial cleft cyst, laryngocele, thyroglossal duct cyst, cavernous lymphangioma, necrotic lymphadenopathy, and asymmetric jugular veins. Computed tomography was helpful in correctly predicting the etiology by determining the exact location of these masses in relation to the normal anatomic structures in the neck.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

CT diagnosis of cystic hygroma of the neck.

Cystic hygromas of the neck can simulate other benign lesions and occasionally extend into the mediastinum. Using computed tomography, we were able to confirm the suspected diagnosis, exclude other diagnostic considerations, and clearly demonstrate absence of mediastinal extension.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1983

CT detection of iatrogenic percutaneous splenic injury.

Although the potential for splenic injury during left sided thoracentesis or percutaneous renal biopsy is well known, its occurrence has been rarely reported. In a 1 year period we used computed tomography to detect acute splenic, perisplenic, and intraperitoneal hemorrhage in three patients after percutaneous diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in the lower chest and upper abdomen. One patient was asymptomatic, the second developed left upper quadrant pain, and the third required emergency splenectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Clinical value of coronary bypass graft evaluation with CT.

Computed tomography (CT) has a reported accuracy of 45%-97% in assessment of patency of coronary artery bypass grafts. Dynamic CT was done in 26 patients (47 grafts) with recurrent cardiac symptoms after graft surgery. Although CT was 79% accurate (with selective angiography as the standard), the authors do not believe that it provides sufficient information for the assessment of symptomatic patients. Four patients had high-grade stenoses in their grafts, and 50% of patients had significant progression of atherosclerosis in their native coronary arteries. Neither of these conditions could be detected by CT. The clinical contribution of CT will probably be greatest for routine screening of asymptomatic patients soon after operation. Technical problems with CT scanning for graft patency are discussed.

Angiography↗
PubMed1983

Age-related changes in the thymus gland: CT-pathologic correlation.

Recent reports suggest that computed tomography (CT) is useful for thymoma detection in patients with myasthenia gravis. However, that usefulness may be conditioned by the state of the normal thymus. To examine this concept, the CT findings in 64 consecutive patients with histologic confirmation of thymic status after thymectomy or thymic biopsy during mediastinal exploration were reviewed. The normal thymus has a bilobed, arrowhead-shaped cross section at all ages, with gradual focal or diffuse fatty infiltration of the parenchyma usually occurring between 20 and 40 years of age. A thymoma is usually a spherical or oval mass, often producing a focal, distinct bulge in the adjacent pleural reflection. The differentiation of thymoma from normal thymus should be possible in most patients if age-related changes in the normal gland are appreciated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Transluminal angioplasty of the superior mesenteric artery: an alternative to surgical revascularization.

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of stenotic lesions of the superior mesenteric artery was performed eight times in four patients with ischemic bowel syndrome. All patients were either poor surgical risks or had lesions not amenable to surgical correction. One patient also had angioplasty of a stenotic celiac artery. The four patients in this report have had more than 1 year of follow-up. All have had good results. Superior mesenteric artery angioplasty seems to be a nonsurgical alternative for the treatment of atherosclerotic mesenteric ischemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Closed-system venography in the evaluation of angiodysplastic lesions of the extremities.

Closed-system venography is a minimally invasive, well tolerated method for diagnosing and delineating extremity angiodysplastic lesions. This method involves passive filling of the vascular tree after compressive exsanguination of an extremity and extrinsic occlusion of its arterial supply and venous drainage, thereby creating a static, closed system. Closed-system venography was done in 17 patients, where it correctly identified 11 of 12 surgically confirmed vascular abnormalities. There were no false-positive examinations. Whereas ateriography remains the examination of choice in studying arteriovenous malformations, closed-system venography has demonstrated a superior ability to diagnose and define lesions of capillary and venous origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Recurrent rectal carcinoma in an asymptomatic patient.

Pelvic recurrence is a common cause of symptoms and mortality in patients who have undergone surgical resection of rectal carcinoma. Diagnosis by physical examination and standard radiologic techniques is usually only possible when the recurrence becomes symptomatic because of its advanced state. Previous reports have documented the ability of computed tomography (CT) to depict accurately pelvic recurrence of rectal carcinoma in the symptomatic patient. Surgical resection of recurrence is usually noncurative but appears to result in a more prolonged survival if performed in the asymptomatic patient. We report a case of pelvic lymph node recurrence suggested by CT and confirmed by CT guided needle biopsy in an asymptomatic patient. Diagnosis of recurrence at this early stage by CT, supplemented with CT guided biopsy, may offer the patient an increased chance of survival following surgical resection.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

CT demonstration of subcutaneous venous collaterals.

Subcutaneous collateral veins were identified by computed tomography (CT) in 12 patients. These were seen as enhancing round or tubular structures surrounded by subcutaneous fat, and most were associated with occlusion of a major vein in the abdomen or thorax. The CT appearance of deep vein occlusions included an intraluminal thrombus with an enhancing rim, a mass replacing the nonvisualized vein and distortion of the vein by an adjacent mass. The subcutaneous fat was examined on the CT scans of 50 patients not suspected of having deep venous occlusions. The appearance of normal subcutaneous structures and the differential diagnosis are discussed.

Collateral Circulation↗
PubMed1982

Study of safety and tolerance of iopamidol in peripheral arteriography.

Iopamidol, a non-ionic contrast agent, was evaluated during peripheral arteriography in 10 patients. All reported a sensation of warmth during injection. One described the procedure as moderately painful. All objectively tolerated the injections well, and there were no significant changes in clinical or laboratory findings. Vessel opacification was good to excellent in all cases. The authors suggest that non-ionic contrast agents replace ionic agents for peripheral arteriography.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of the grafted ascending aorta with computed tomography. Complications caused by suture dehiscence.

Patients who have undergone surgery on the thoracic aorta and placement of a synthetic tubular graft need close, long-term radiological follow-up, as they are at risk of not only complications and progression of the underlying disease (atherosclerosis, dissection, or cystic medial necrosis) but also complications of the procedure, notably suture dehiscence leading to formation of an aneurysm around the graft. In a series of 14 asymptomatic postoperative patients studied by computed tomography (CT), the authors detected leakage of contrast material around the graft in 6 patients, 2 of whom required re-operation to correct suture dehiscence. CT is a noninvasive and sensitive method of postoperative evaluation of patients who have undergone an aortic graft.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Thymoma detection by mediastinal CT: patient with myasthenia gravis.

The precise role of computed tomography (CT) in evaluating the mediastinum for thymomas in patients with myasthenia gravis is not defined. The only published CT accuracy assessment reports a false-positive rate of 90%. Mediastinal CT was performed in 23 consecutive unselected patients with myasthenia gravis who underwent thymectomy independent of their neurologic status or diagnostic imaging results. Four patients had discrete thymomas; all were detected by CT. Conventional chest radiography and tomography were positive in three and falsely negative in one. In the remaining 19 patients with a normal or atrophic thymus or microscopic hyperplasia, CT was falsely positive in two; conventional chest radiography and tomography were falsely positive in three. Mediastinal CT is an accurate technique for evaluation of thymoma in patients with myasthenia gravis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Volume determinations using computed tomography.

Computed tomography potentially offers the most accurate noninvasive means of estimating in vivo volumes. Contiguous 1-cm-thick CT scans were obtained through phantoms, dog kidneys in vivo, and human spleens before splenectomy. Cross-sectional areas were calculated for each individual scan and volumes then determined with each of four mathematical integration techniques. Volume estimations were compared to volumes determined by water displacement. The simplest, most practical means of calculating volumes, using the summation-of-areas technique with scans obtained at 2 cm intervals, was similar in accuracy to more complex methods. The mean percentage error of volume calculations using the sum-of-areas technique was 4.95% for five immobile phantoms, 3.86% for eight dog kidneys, 3.59% for eight human spleens in vivo at 1 cm scan spacing, and 3.65% for the same human spleens at 2 cm scan spacings. Difficulties in visual recognition and manual tracking of object boundaries seem to be more significant sources of error than patient-related factors.

Animals↗