Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A V Grinev.
Marginal leakage in class I cavities restored with chemically hardened resin composites (Talan, Charisma PPF, Esterfill) and adhesive strength were studied in vitro. The results indicate the least marginal leakage and best adhesive strength of the Talan composite.
The term complicated urinary infections (CUIs) includes infections developing in the presence of anatomic anomalies, metabolic or hormonal disorders, immunodeficiency or infection with atypical microorganisms. Complicating factors diminish efficiency of antibiotic treatment, raise probability of recurrence. CUIs account for 45.2% of all cases of outpatient urinary infections in adults in Russia. Nephroliths, diabetes mellitus and renal cysts are most prevalent complicating factors. CUIs causative agents' spectrum is wider and resistance bacteria isolation is more frequent compared to uncomplicated urinary infections. In addition to antibiotic therapy, CUIs treatment should be focused on detection and elimination of the complicating factor. If complicating factors are unremovable, antibiotic therapy should be directed to management of clinical symptoms of urinary infection, prevention of complications and damage to renal parenchyma. CUIs demand longer courses of antibiotics than uncomplicated urinary infections: 7-14 days in infection of the lower urinary tracts, at least 14 days in infection of the upper urinary tracts and 4-6 weeks in failure of the standard course. Fluoroquinolones are drugs of choice in adults.
We compared efficacy of preoperative prophylactic antibiotic treatment (PPAT) with cyprofloxacine used orally (0.5 g), intravenously (0.4 g) and routine antibiotics in TUR of the prostate. A multicenter open randomized study covered 120 patients. PPAT efficacy was estimated by the rate of urinary infection (UI), frequency and duration of antibiotic treatment in the postoperative period, hospitalization duration. All the patients were divided into three groups: 39 patients of group 1 received oral cyprofloxacine 90-120 min before TUR of the prostate, 38 patients of group 2 received intravenous cyprofloxacine 30-60 min before TUR, 43 patients of group 3 (control) received routine antibiotic prophylaxis. The following results were obtained: 24-48 hours after the operation no cases of UI in group 1, 11.5 and 11.6% in groups 2 and 3, respectively, (p = 0.048); 7 days after TUR--UI in all the groups (2.6, 20, 23.3%, respectively); 14 days after TUR--UI in 5.1, 28.6, 27.9% patients, respectively. Mean duration of hospital stay was 11.7 +/- 7.6 days in group 1, 12.1 +/- 8.1 days in group 2, 12.5 +/- 7.8 days in group C (p > 0.05). Postoperative antibiotics were given to 16.7, 34.1 and 68.9% patients, respectively. Thus, cyprofloxacine in group 1 lowered UI risk and postoperative antibiotics significantly, in group 2 it had no influence on UI rate but reduced postoperative antibiotics significantly.
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