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Biomedical subjects

A Uotila

Publications and source records attributed to A Uotila.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cellular immunity in acne vulgaris during transfer factor treatment.

The effect of treatment with human dialyzable transfer factor was investigated on acne vulgaris patients in a double-blind study. About 1/3 of the patients improved clinically during the study period but there was no correlation between clinical improvement and transfer factor treatment. Prior to treatment parameters of cell-mediated immunity were significantly altered in the patients. These alterations normalized during the study in all patients irrespective of transfer factor treatment, possibly due to the immunostimulatory effect of repeated skin testing. The present results support previous findings that acne patients have slightly altered cell-mediated immunity, but the results further suggest that abnormalities are not significant in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1982

Augmentation of delayed-type hypersensitivity in antigen-primed guinea pigs by human dialyzable leukocyte extract. Chromatographic and enzymatic characterization of the active principle.

Column chromatographic purification and sensitivity towards enzymatic treatments of dialyzable transfer factor (TFd), the immunologically specific component of dialyzable leukocyte extract (DLE), have previously been used in its biochemical characterisation. In the present work we studied the effect of enzymes and the Sephadex G-10 chromatographic separation of the components of DLE augmenting delayed-type hypersensitivity. Skin reactivities to streptokinase-streptodornase (SK-SD) and tuberculin PPD were significantly augmented by injecting DLE into antigen-primed guinea pigs. The augmentation caused by DLE treatment correlated to the pre-existing level of immunity in the recipients. Most of the augmentory activity resided in 2 adjacent fractions, eluting early from a Sephadex G-10 column. This augmentation was destroyed by alkaline hydrolysis, by treatment with pronase, proteinase K, ribonuclease, and nuclease P1, but not by alkaline phosphatase or phosphodiesterase II. The observed sensitivities towards these enzymes, except that for ribonuclease, were closely similar to those described for the specific TFd component of DLE. These results are compatible with the idea that either the nonspecific augmenting and the specific TFd molecules are principally similar, or that the TFd molecules, in addition to their capacity to transfer specific immunity, also have an augmenting effect, which needs in its manifestation a sub-threshold dose of immunogen.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1980

Studies on the chemical nature of dialysable transfer factor. Comparison of human leukocyte dialysate and dialysates derived from human serum and from mammalian lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs.

The chemical nature of human dialysable transfer factor (TFd), capable of augmenting delayed hypersensitivity (DH) in human recipients, and some mammalian organ dialysates, known to augment DH in antigen-primed guinea pigs, were compared using chromatography on Sephadex G-10 and G-25 columns and on thin-layer plates. The fractions of human leukocyte dialysate which eluted at or after the Vt of the Sephadex columns have previously been shown to contain the in vivo TFd-activity and therefore special attention was paid to corresponding dialysate fractions. All together 52 identified or unidentified components were found at or close to this elution region with thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The 14 identified substances were nucleobases, nucleosides, sugars and aromatic or heterocyclic amino acids. Unidentified components had similar staining characteristics as the identified ones on TLC. No evidence was found for the presence of peptides or nucleotides. There were no components specific for human leukocyte dialysate. Several of the identified and unidentified substances in fractions of humal dialysable leukocyte extract were common to all or nearly all dialysates. The possibility that some of the unidentified components might be responsible for the in vivo effect of human leukocyte dialysate in man or guinea pig is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Evaluation of delayed type immune reactivity in patients with acne vulgaris.

The delayed-type immune reactivities of 39 patients suffering from moderate to severe papulopustular or nodulo-cystic forms of Acne vulgaris were compared with healthy acne-free controls. In vivo reactivity was assessed by skin testing with four common recall antigens. In vitro the afferent arm of the immune system was assayed by antigen and mitogen simulated lymphocyte transformation and the efferent arm by granulocyte random migration and by granulocyte responsiveness to a standard migration inhibitory lymphokine preparation. Spontaneous lymphocyte transformations were also evaluated. In acne patients the skin test reactivities were in general only slightly decreased. Their lymphocytes showed relatively normal responses to mitogen stimulation, but antigen responsiveness was significantly diminished. Furthermore the patients' lymphocytes showed increased spontaneous transformation. All these changes correlated, to some extent, with the severity of the disease. The granulocytes of acne patients showed increased random migration, of borderline significance, but the granulocyte responses to the lymphokine preparation were completely normal. The results suggest that immunologic abnormalities are mild and probably secondary to the inflammatory process.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1979

Cellular immunity in renal diseases.

Cellular immune reactivity was studied in 78 patients with various forms of renal disease by skin testing with four recall antigens and a lymphocyte transformation test with tuberculin PPD and leucoagglutinin. Patients with S-creatine greater than or equal to 230 micromol/l as well as those with chronic pyelonephritis who had S-creatinine values below 230 micromol/l had significantly lower skin reactions than the controls to streptokinase-streptodornase, parotitis and PPD. Glomerulonephritic patients with S-creatinine values below 230 micromol/l had normal skin reactivity. Lymphocyte transformation tests showed decreased reactivity only in patients with S-creatinine level greater than or equal to 230 micromol/l. The results suggest an association of chronic pyelonephritis with a defective efferent, nonspecific arm of cellular immunity.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The effect of transfer factor on lymphocyte transformation. Comparison of augmentation by dialysates of leucocytes and lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs.

In this paper we describe experiments to determine whether dialysable extracts of non-lymphoid and lymphoid organs augment lymphocyte transformation in vitro in a manner similar to the augmenting activity of leucocyte dialysates. Human peripheral blood leucocytes were cultured with tuberculin PPD or leucoagglutinin, and dose-related effects of the dialysable extracts on lymphocyte transformation were studied by 125IUdR incorporation. Augmentation of lymphocyte transformation was obtained not only with leucocyte dialysates but also with dialysable extracts of lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs (e.g. spleen, liver, kidney, brain). It is concluded that the agent or agents present in dialysable leucocyte transfer factor preparations, which augment lymphoid transformation in vitro, are widely distributed throughout mammalian tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Studies on the chemical composition and biological properties of transfer factor.

Dialyzable transfer factor (dTF) was fractionated on Sephadex G-10 and G-25 fine columns, and biological activity was found in 3 fractions. One of these, designated VIa, and having a tendency to adsorb to the Sephadex G-10 gel, was shown to have a therapeutic effect on certain immunological diseases. Analysis of this fraction on thin-layer and gas chromatography and with infrared and mass spectroscopy indicated that about half of this fraction was composed of uracil; additional unidentified heterocyclic and aromatic substances were present in this fraction. Adjacent fraction V contained tyrosine and a small polyribonucleotide, and fraction VII hypoxanthine and additional unidentified components. Our results suggest that the therapeutic activity of dTF is not mediated through an immunologically specific informational molecule, but is rather based on non-specific stimulation of the expression of the immune response.

Heterocyclic Compounds↗