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Biomedical subjects

A Uno

Publications and source records attributed to A Uno.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Structural similarity of cytochrome c2 from Rhodopseudomonas viridis to mitochondrial cytochromes c revealed by its crystal structure at 2.7 A resolution.

The crystal structure of cytochrome c2 from Rhodopseudomonas viridis has been refined using molecular dynamics and restrained least-squares methods to a crystallographic R-factor of 0.216 at 2.7 A resolution. A structural comparison between Rps. viridis cytochrome c2 and the other bacterial cytochromes c2 or mitochondrial cytochromes c indicates that the overall protein foldings are very similar to each other with the exception of the surface loop and terminal region of the polypeptide chain. However, the position and hydrogen-bond pattern of the evolutionarily conserved water molecule buried within the heme binding pocket in Rps. viridis cytochrome c2 are common to those in the mitochondrial cytochromes c. This fact indicates that Rps. viridis cytochrome c2 is structurally more similar to mitochondrial cytochromes c than to the other bacterial cytochromes c2.

Crystallography, X-Ray↗
PubMed1994

Application of an automatic molecular-replacement procedure to crystal structure analysis of cytochrome c2 from Rhodopseudomonas viridis.

An automatic molecular-replacement procedure has been applied to solve the crystal structure of cytochrome c(2) from Rhodopseudomonas viridis. The structure was solved on the basis of the structure of tuna cytochrome c as a search model using an automatic processing program system, AUTOMR. The refinements by molecular dynamics and restrained least-squares methods result in a current crystallographic R factor of 0.219 for diffraction data at 3 A resolution.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

A sialic acid-binding lectin from the mushroom Hericium erinaceum.

A lectin was isolated from the mushroom Hericium erinaceum. This lectin is composed of two different subunits of 15 and 16 kDa and the molecular mass of the intact lectin was estimated to be 54 kDa by gel filtration. It exhibits specificity towards sialic acids, especially N-glycolylneuraminic acid.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1994

Analysis of auditory brain stem response with lidocaine injection into the cerebrospinal fluid in rats.

Auditory brain stem response (ABR) was recorded in 10 rats with total spinal anesthesia induced by injection of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride into the subarachnoid space through the skull. The ABR disappeared immediately (within 4 minutes) after the injection of 13.3 to 40.0 mg/kg lidocaine. The disappearance started with the later waves of the ABR. After cessation of the injection, the ABR reappeared and recovered progressively from wave I to wave IV. The effect of lidocaine on the ABR was reversible and extended in the acoustic nerve to the midbrain.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Effect of warm bathing on short-term and 24-hour blood pressure in bedridden elderly patients].

The effects of the bathing on short-term and ciracadian blood pressure (BP) in bedridden elderly patients were investigated in 10 bedridden patients (4 male: 6 female) living in a community home. The mean age of the subjects was 78.7 years old and causes of bedridden status were cerebrovascular disease in 9 and spinal damage in one. To study the short-term hemodynamic effect of bathing, BP and pulse rate were measured every 2 minutes from 10 minutes before bathing to 14 minutes after. Blood samples were collected before and after bathing for measurements of plasma catecholamine and plasma renin activity. To study the effect of warm bathing on circadian, BP, ambulatory BP was non-invasively monitored every 15 minutes for 24 hours on days with and without bathing. In the short-term phase, BP temporally elevated when washing the body outside the bathtub accompanied with a decline soaking in warm water (38 degrees C). Plasma catecholamine did not change after warm bathing. In the study of circadian change of BP, systolic BP on days of warm bathing remained at a lower level for 12 hours after bathing compared to days without bathing. In conclusion, hypotensive effects after bathing were prolonged in the bedridden elderly patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Effects of primary auditory cortex lesions on middle latency responses in awake cats.

In order to clarify the role of the primary auditory cortex (AI) on middle latency responses (MLRs), we recorded the auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) from the vertex and the right and left AI areas of the skull simultaneously before and after creating serial lesions of the AIs contralateral and ipsilateral to the stimulated ear in 7 awake cats. The auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and MLRs recorded from the vertex in normal awake cats revealed the presence of peaks 1-8, NA and PA within the analysis time of 50 msec. After there were serial AI lesions, (1) all the peaks remained at nearly the same latencies, (2) the amplitude of the NA was decreased significantly, that of the PA was slightly decreased and those of peaks 6, 7 and 8 were variable, and (3) the difference between the effects of the first operation (contralateral AI) and the second operation (ipsilateral AI) was not statistically significant. These findings indicated that the main, prominent effect of bilateral AI lesions on MLRs in the awake cat is a significant decrease in the NA amplitude.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1993

[The relation between blood pressure variation and daily physical activity in early morning surge in blood pressure].

Morning rise in blood pressure (morning surge; MS) has been shown to be associated with the occurrence of myocardial ischemic events and stroke. This study aimed to elucidate the incidence and the mechanism of MS in hypertensive patients (HT). We monitored ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and physical activity in 68 untreated HTs using TM2421 (A & D Co. Ltd.) and ACTIVETRACER (GMS Ltd.) for detection of MS. MS was defined as a rise in BP > 50 mmHg (90% tile of 35 normotensives) during early morning (4:00 to 9:00 A.M.) compared with the lowest basal BP at night. MS was seen in 41 patients (52.6%) and was classified into two groups; MS1: BP rose steeply after waking up (27 patients) and MS2: BP started to rise gradually during sleep (14 patients). The mean age of MS1 was significantly higher than that of MS2 (72 vs. 62 years, p < 0.01). BP reached its basal value earlier in MS2 than in MS1 at night though the basal BP values were comparable between the two groups. Mean 24-hour BP and physical activity were similar between the two groups, though significantly higher incidence of cases with a correlation between SBP and activity was seen in MS1. In conclusion, there are two types of MS, the mechanisms of which may differ. MS occurring immediately after waking up was more common in older HTs, and possibly was related to augmented arousal response in BP, while MS beginning gradually during sleep was more common in younger HTs and was characterized by reaching basal BP earlier at night.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

Natural history of advanced osteoarthritis of the hip.

We followed long-term osteoarthritis of the hip clinically and radiographically in 38 patients (47 hips) finally reaching an advanced or terminal stage for more than 10 years. The relation between various measured parameters and disease progression and osteophyte formation was analyzed. By multivariate analysis, the clinical outcome of osteoarthritis of the hip could be correctly predicted in 91.5% of cases. In the cases in which initially the slope of the acetabular roof was not steep, the greater trochanter was low, and the cranial joint space was narrow, good roof osteophyte formation was well recognized. The cases with good roof osteophyte formation were characterized by preserved roundness of the femoral head, no shortening of the femoral neck, no lateralization of the femoral head, unchanged cranial joint space, and no worsening of pain at the final follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Role of asparagine-linked carbohydrates in pulmonary metastasis of B16-F10 murine melanoma cells: implication through glycosylation inhibition by nojirimycin.

N-linked oligosaccharide moieties of cell surface glycoconjugates may be involved in the metastatic potential of tumour cells. Many studies have examined the anti-metastatic properties of inhibitors of carbohydrate synthesis or processing in vitro. However, there has so far been little evidence of such inhibitory factors on metastasis in vivo because of the general high toxicity of the inhibitors. In this study, we found nojirimycin (NM) to be a substantially non-toxic carbohydrate synthesis inhibitor that inhibited the experimental metastasis of B16-F10 melanoma cells not only in vitro but also in vivo. When NM was administered intraperitoneally to syngeneic C57BL/6 mice, the inhibition was dose-dependent, with 40-75% suppression of pulmonary colonization observed after 5 days exposure to NM (at 0.4 or 4 mg/day). An in vitro lectin sensitivity assay showed that NM-treated B16-F10 cells were less susceptible to the lectin concanavalin-A, suggesting alteration or decrease of high mannose-type carbohydrate moieties on the cell surface. Further in vitro analysis of adhesiveness between B16-F10 cells and endothelial cells demonstrated that NM treatment causes reduced binding of B16-F10 cells to endothelial cells. We have also studied the effect of NM on natural killer (NK) cells in mice. NM treatment elicited no substantial increase in the cytotoxic activity of splenic NK cells against YAC-1 target cells. These results indicate that NM acts on the process of adhesion and that specific structures of the cell surface carbohydrate moieties may be involved in the colonization phase of metastasis in vivo.

1-Deoxynojirimycin↗
PubMed1991

A case of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma associated with sporadic porphyria cutanea tarda due to liver disorder after Schistosoma japonicum infection.

A 56-year-old man suffered from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cutaneous SCC) which occurred on a cutaneous lesion of sporadic porphyria cutanea tarda (sporadic PCT). His liver function decreased from the time he was infected with Schistosoma japonicum at the age of 10. He drank a little alcohol. Erythematous maculae with blisters or erosions occurred on sun-exposed areas of his skin when he was 52. His urine continued to be red. After detailed examinations including liver biopsy, he was diagnosed as having sporadic PCT due to liver disorder after infection with Schistosoma japonicum. At the age of 56, a small red papule arose on his right earlobe at the site of a sporadic PCT lesion. The papule rapidly enlarged with ulceration; this completely destroyed his right earlobe, which was covered with odoriferous yellow-white necrotic tissue. The tumor then extended to his right preauricular area with ulceration. A skin biopsy confirmed well-differentiated cutaneous SCC. The association of cutaneous SCC with sporadic PCT has not been previously reported; we think that the association is significant. Such an occurrence may have been induced by either direct or indirect effects of ultraviolet light or a scar formed by the sporadic PCT.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Ventricular dilation during the treatment of subdural hygromas].

Fifty-one cases with subdural hygroma experienced in the past 20 years were retrospectively reviewed. Eight patients showed definite ventricular dilation differing from simple restoration of the ventricles following disappearance of the cavity. The mean age was 72.4 years. Six patients presented with mental change as the initial symptom. On the initial computed tomography (CT), 75% of the cases had bilateral lesions, all were low density, and 88% were crescent shaped. Trepanation performed on six patients yielded watery clear or xanthochromic fluid. Nine to 61 days (mean 4 weeks) after admission, definite ventricular dilation was observed. Cisternography performed in four patients was all abnormal, although cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure was within normal range. Cerebral blood flow images using 123I-iodoamphetamine and single photon emission CT in four patients revealed periventricular low uptake which was disproportionately large compared with the ventricular span on CT. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed in four patients. The final outcome, however, was poor irrespective of treatment. These findings indicate that an impairment of the CSF circulation was not the sole cause of the ventricular dilation. Low CSF pressure and the disproportionately large periventricular low perfusion, compared with the ventricular span on CT scan, suggest a pre-existing periventricular parenchymal damage, which had been subsequently compromised by the presence of subdural mass lesion. Therefore, attention should be paid in aged patients with bilateral low dense, crescent-shaped subdural hygroma, presenting with mental change, for the risk of subsequent ventricular dilation which may affect the functional outcome.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Modified ethoxyethyl cyanoacrylate for therapeutic embolization of arteriovenous malformation.

Aiming at alleviating the problems of using 2-cyanoacrylates as a material for therapeutic embolization, this experiment made some physical modifications by mixing contrast media. It was found that the physicochemical properties of 2-cyanoacrylates can be altered by changing the concentration and the composition of the contrast media added. A 50 wt% cyanoacrylate-50 wt% contrast medium mixture has enough radiopacity for the practical requirement for embolization. A mixture of 50 wt% (ethoxyethyl cyanoacrylate-5 wt% lactide/epsilon-caprolactone copolymer), 25 wt% lipiodol and 25 wt% tetrafluorodibromoethane provides a viscosity of 13.8 cP, a bonding strength of 14.9 kg/cm2, a set time of 6 s, and a spreading in canine blood of 33 mm. It was concluded that the mixture is much more satisfactory than the conventional cyanoacrylates as an embolus material in vitro. The results obtained by in vivo experiments and clinical trials so far suggest that the mixture is very promising as a material for embolization.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Cerebral hemodynamics and functional prognosis in hydrocephalus].

The functional outcome of cerebral hemodynamics in the chronic stage of juvenile hydrocephalus was determined using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Five patients including three with aqueductal stenosis, one with post-meningitic hydrocephalus, and one case with hydrocephalus having developed after repair of a huge occipital encephalocele. Early images of cerebral blood flow (CBF) were obtained 25 minutes after intravenous injection of 123-I-Iodoamphetamine (IMP), and late images were scanned 3 hours later. Cerebral blood volume (CBV) was also measured using 99mTc in three patients. Twenty cases with adult communicating hydrocephalus were also investigated from the point of view of shunt effectiveness. Although there was no remarkable change in the cerebrovascular bed in the juvenile cases, CBF of the remnant brain parenchyma was good irrespective of the degree of ventricular dilatation. There was a periventricular-reduced IMP uptake in each case, however it somehow matched the ventricular span. Functional outcome one to 23 years after the initial shunt operation was good in every case, despite multiple shunt revisions. Redistribution on late images had no bearing on clinical states. In adult cases, 8 patients with effective shunting demonstrated a relatively localized periventricular low perfusion, with preoperative increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure. On the contrary, 12 patients with no improvement with or without shunting showed disproportionately widespread periventricular-reduced IMP uptake, despite low CSF pressure. The present study indicates that periventricular hemodynamics may play an important role in cerebral function compromised by hydrocephalus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Factors responsible for prognosis of chronic subdural hematomas].

239 adult patients with chronic subdural hematoma were reviewed in order to analyse recent characteristics, and the responsible factors affecting functional prognosis. Patients with hygroma, diagnosed by the nature of the subdural fluid, were included since the mode of treatment is regarded as the same. 226 cases were surgically treated with standardized two burr-holes and irrigation, within which 24 cases required reoperation and 13 cases were medically treated since the hematoma was small and there was no mass effect. Functional outcome was evaluated by the Glasgow Outcome Scale. The number of cases have gradually increased, especially among elderly patients and in female ones. 179 patients were categorised as having good recovery, 25 as moderately disabled, 27 as severely disabled, 3 as persistently vegetative, and 5 patients died. Aged patients with preoperative mental change and a disturbance of consciousness, with low dense or mixed dense hematoma without sizable mass effect, with watery-clear or xanthochromic fluid cavity tended to have poorer outcome. Also the prognosis of patients not operated on was poor despite the spontaneous disappearance of the cavity. The delay in re-expansion of the brain had less bearing on the functional prognosis than might be expected. The factors which impeded good recovery were primary brain damage due to preceding diseases such as cerebral infarct or hemorrhage, initial head injury, parkinsonism, and postoperative psychiatric disturbances. The mean age of these patients was significantly higher than those with good recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Nonvisual eye position control in a patient with ocular lateropulsion.

For elucidating the nonvisual eye position control system, we studied the accuracy of saccades toward the remembered position (memory-guided saccades) in a patient with ocular lateropulsion having tonic bias of the eye position. Although the saccadic dysmetria caused by ocular lateropulsion was recorded during memory-guided saccades in the same manner as visually guided saccades, the eyes reached precisely the intended position by corrective saccades. The mean latency of corrective saccades was significantly longer than that of corrective saccades observed for visually guided saccades. This long latency of corrective saccades supports the assumption that feedback information of the eye position is a signal generated by orbital afferents rather than a copy of the motor command.

Eye Movements↗
PubMed1988

A case of giant mediastinal leiomyoma with long-term survival.

A 67-year-old female was emergently admitted to our hospital because of severe dyspnea with cyanosis. One month before admission, she consulted a doctor and chest x-ray disclosed a huge tumor shadow occupying most of the left hemithorax. At that time, she did not complain of any particular symptoms except slight cough. Twelve days after admission, the patient lost consciousness and an emergency operation was performed. The tumor showed severe adhesion to the aorta and the lower lobe of the left lung, but not to the esophagus. After the operation, mechanical ventilation was necessary for 13 days to recover pulmonary function. Histological diagnosis was made as leiomyoma, which is rarely seen in the mediastinal region. At present, the patient survived 10 years without any symptom of recurrence. In this paper, the authors report a case of mediastinal leiomyoma which received an emergency operation and attained long term survival. Twelve similar cases reported in the past were also reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Median sternotomy with bilateral bullous resection for unilateral spontaneous pneumothorax, with special reference to operative indications.

Simultaneous bilateral pulmonary operations were done through median sternotomy in 29 patients with unilateral spontaneous pneumothorax, because bullae and blebs of the lung are frequently bilateral. Bullous lesions on the contralateral lung were encountered in eight of 10 patients (80%) in whom no roentgenographic evidence of the additional lesions had been detected preoperatively. Postoperative examination of percent vital capacity was satisfactory (more than 80%) in 21 of 23 patients followed up over a month after operation, and this suggested that simultaneous bilateral thoracotomy through median sternotomy does not lead to a much greater decrease in postoperative pulmonary function than does unilateral operation. To determine the indications for this method of treatment, we investigated the frequency of subsequent development of contralateral pneumothorax in 178 patients who initially had unilateral spontaneous pneumothorax. The occurrence rate of contralateral pneumothorax with visible bullae on chest roentgenograms was as high as 60% and 33.3% in patients in their teens and in those in their 20s, respectively. In conclusion, therefore, the bilateral operative approach should be considered, especially in teenaged patients with contralateral bullae, in whom the highest contralateral occurrence rate of 60% was found.

Adolescent↗