Interface measurements of heterojunction band lineups with the Vanderbilt free-electron laser.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
A Ueda
Publications and source records attributed to A Ueda.
Elevated cholinesterase activity and increased urinary excretion of inorganic fluorides in the workers producing fluorine-containing plastic (polytetrafluoroethylene).
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Adult↗
Enhancement by cyclosporin A of metastasis from hamster cheek pouch carcinoma.
Daily intravenous administration of 50 mg/kg cyclosporin A (CsA), after excision of cheek pouch tumors induced with 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA), enhanced the incidence of cervical lymph node metastasis to 93%, a significant increase over the rates observed for animals receiving a dosage of 25 mg/kg (43%), and for control animals receiving no CsA (40%). No significant effect was evident on the growth rates of the metastasized tumour cells in the lymph node.
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
Immediate type of allergy in statis growers.
Three statis growers complaining of immediate allergic symptoms induced by harvesting statis in a plastic greenhouse were examined to clarify their allergic conditions. Distinct positive reactions in the intradermal test and nasal and eye provocation test to the statis extracts were shown in all three cases. High score of radioallergosorbent test (RAST) IgE and remarkable RAST inhibitory effects to the statis extracts were seen in these cases. The immunologic cross-reactivity between statis and chrysanthemum was absent in the RAST inhibition in the patient labeled case C who had complained of the same allergic symptoms when handling chrysanthemums in the off-season for harvesting statis. Those results indicated that the allergic conditions of the present cases were from an immediate type of allergy mediated by a specific IgE antibody to the statis extract.
Adult↗
Histological and radioisotopical analysis of the skull graft: an experimental study in rabbits.
The purpose of this study was to develop an experimental model in rabbits that would permit us to analyze skull reconstruction and enable the study of bone autografts, osteofacial flaps, and other materials. We use the rabbit model to study the early integration of the skull autograft and to demonstrate the relationship between radioisotopical and histological analyses.
Animals↗
Allergic contact dermatitis in shiitake (Lentinus edodes (Berk) Sing) growers.
A 42-year-old female shiitake grower was investigated to clarify the etiology of skin lesions which developed during the planting of shiitake hyphae into bed logs. She complained of repeated eczematous skin lesions during the planting season, from March to July, for 10 years. She handled 7,000 pieces of small conic blocks made of beech, with shiitake hyphae attached to their surface, per day, and 300,000 pieces altogether per season. She was positive on patch testing with extracts of shiitake hyphae. In contrast, female shiitake growers with skin lesions associated with work other than planting, and without skin lesions, were negative on patch testing to the hyphae. Moderate allergenicity was observed to extracts of shiitake hyphae in a guinea pig maximization test. These findings indicated the etiology of skin lesions in shiitake growers to be allergic contact dermatitis induced by shiitake hyphae.
Adult↗
Allergy to laboratory animals: an epidemiological study.
A large cross sectional survey was carried out using a self administered questionnaire to examine the prevalence of laboratory animal allergy (LAA) and the factors associated with its development. Out of 5641 workers who were exposed to animals at 137 laboratory animal facilities in Japan, 23.1% had one or more allergic symptoms related to laboratory animals. The commonest symptom as rhinitis. About 70% of LAA subjects developed symptoms during their first three years of exposure. Atopy (past and family history), the number of animal species handled, and the time spent in handling correlated significantly with the development of LAA as did some types of job. A close relation between nasal symptoms and exposure to rabbits and between skin symptoms and exposure to rats were found. LAA subjects developed symptoms most quickly to rabbits.
Adult↗
Recent trends in bagassosis in Japan.
The only workers presently exposed to bagasse dust in Japan are the employees of sugar refineries and lacquerware factories. A follow up study of six former cases of bagassosis from among the retired employees of a paper board factory, closed since 1973, showed that none of the subjects still had bagassosis. Examinations of 70 employees of a sugar refinery for allergic reactions also showed no case of bagassosis. Seven cases with suspicious shadows of bagassosis on chest radiographs and four cases with positive serum precipitin to stored bagasse were, however, found among those 70 subjects. The results show the disappearance of a past episode of bagassosis and the possibility of a new occurrence of bagassosis among the employees of sugar refineries and lacquerware factories in the near future in Japan.
Adult↗
Occupational asthma induced by the fungicide tetrachloroisophthalonitrile.
A 48 year old male farmer had recurrent episodes of dyspnoea, shortness of breath, and wheezing after being in his plastic greenhouse when the fungicide tetrachloroisophthalonitrile had been sprayed. A bronchial provocation test with a control challenge and a patch skin test confirmed that his asthma was induced by tetrachloroisophthalonitrile.
Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗
[Evaluation of allergic reaction and setting for occupational exposure limits].
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Allergens↗
Synthesis and regulation of the fourth component of complement (C4) in the human monocytic cell line U937: comparison with that of the third component of complement (C3).
Production of the fourth component of complement (C4) by the human monocytic cell line U937 and its regulation were investigated in comparison with the production of the third component of complement (C3) in a cell culture system. Although no detectable C4 was produced by U937 without stimulation, U937 was induced by recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) to synthesize C4 in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. The production of C4 was reversibly inhibited by cycloheximide, indicating that it resulted from de novo synthesis. The C4 synthesized by U937 cells was functionally active as assessed by haemolytic assay. SDS-PAGE following biosynthetic labelling showed that subunit structure of C4 synthesized by U937 cells was identical with that of plasma C4 but that molecular weight of alpha-chain was greater than that of plasma C4. We compared the regulation of C4 synthesis with that of C3 synthesis. Although C3 synthesis by U937 cells was enhanced by IFN-gamma, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), C4 synthesis was induced only by IFN-gamma. LPS and IFN-gamma induced a synergistic increase in C3 synthesis by U937 cells. U937 cells incubated with LPS and IFN-gamma synthesized a greater amount of C4 than those incubated with IFN-gamma alone. Thus it was demonstrated that the synthesis of C3 and C4 was independently regulated. This study shows that the U937 cell line provides a useful model for studies on the synthesis of complement proteins and on the regulation of complement production.
Cell Line↗
Increased lysosomal enzyme activity of keratocytes after endocytosis of foreign particles.
It has been reported that keratocytes endocytose foreign particles both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting the active participation of keratocytes in corneal wound healing and host defense mechanism. To understand the cellular response and the fate of engulfed foreign particles, we investigated the changes in the lysosomal enzyme activities after keratocytes endocytosed latex beads or glutaraldehyde-fixed Staphylococcus aureus. Acid phosphatase activity in the cells endocytosing either latex beads or fixed bacteria increased significantly as compared with that in the control over the period of 12 hours. Changes in acid phosphatase activity depended on both the incubation periods and the amount of latex beads or bacteria added. The activity reached a plateau after 6 hours of incubation. When keratocytes endocytosed latex beads, the activity of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in the cells showed an increase similar to that of acid phosphatase. However, the N-acetyl-glucosaminidase activity in the cells endocytosing fixed bacteria did not increase significantly. These findings suggest that endocytosing keratocytes increase degrading enzyme activities in the cells to break down engulfed foreign particles. It is also suggested that the intracellular response is varied according to the character of the engulfed materials.
Acetylglucosaminidase↗
Increase in intracellular calcium induced by stimulating histamine H1 receptors in macrophage-like P388D1 cells.
The addition of histamine to macrophage-like P388D1 cells resulted in a dose-dependent increase in intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i measured by fura-2 in single cells. The maximum level of [Ca2+]i was obtained by addition of 1 x 10(-4) M histamine. The increase was primarily due to release from the intracellular store. The addition of an H1 specific antagonist pyrilamine before histamine treatment inhibited the increase reversibly, while an H2 specific antagonist cimetidine had no inhibitory effect. Histamine also resulted in a dose-dependent increase in cGMP but not in cAMP. These data suggest the existence of histamine H1 receptors in these cells and histamine may have some biological effect on the function of macrophages via [Ca2+]i and cGMP as the second messengers.
Animals↗
Immunological effects of toluene diisocyanate exposure on painters.
Among the painters handling polyurethane varnish in two furniture manufacturing factories with high toluene diisocyanate (TDI) exposure (0.79 mg/m3 and 0.31 mg/m3), 26.3% and 15% subjects, respectively displayed asthmatic symptoms, lung function loss, and an increment in mast cell degranulation percentage specific to TDI. Some cases of TDI-linked contact dermatitis were also found among them, being elucidated by positive patch testing to TDI. However, the previous abnormalities could not be verified among the painters from another factory with TDI concentration below the TLV of it (0.11 mg/m3). It was concluded that both pulmonary hypersensitivity and contact sensitization to TDI had occurred in some of the painters included in this study, and that the immunologic effects of TDI was concentration dependent.
Cell Degranulation↗
Primary anti-trinitrophenyl memory cells investigated by plaque-forming cells and ELISA.
Primary anti-trinitrophenyl antibody production was investigated from spleen cells of mice immunized with trinitrophenylated-keyhole limpet hemocyanin, using the plaque-forming cell method and ELISA. Cells taken 5 days after antigen injection do not produce IgE, but do produce IgM and IgG1 anti-trinitrophenyl antibodies as demonstrated by plaque-forming cells. Substantial increase of IgM, IgG1, and IgE antibody production was seen from cells taken 7 days after immunization, followed by a rapid decline. By ELISA it was seen that cells taken 3 days after immunization already produce small amounts of anti-trinitrophenyl antibodies. Presence of antigen from the start of the cultures did not increase antibody production from cells taken 3 days after immunization, but potentiated antibody secretions from cells taken 5 days or later after immunization. This potentiation was interpreted as recruitment of antibody-forming cells from early memory B cells. The presence of IL-4 from the start of the cultures had no appreciable effect. Cell sorting with specific antibody-coated magnetic beads showed that plaque-forming cells from nonsorted cells, membrane IgE+ or membrane IgE- cells secreted similar amounts of anti-trinitrophenyl IgG1 and IgE antibodies. No difference in anti-trinitrophenyl IgM, IgG1, or IgE production was found in controls; cells sorted negatively or positively for CD23. The data show that memory B cells can be demonstrated already on Day 5 after immunization, and their antigen-induced antibody secretion is IL-4 dependent.
Animals↗
Prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon in Japanese males and females.
In order to estimate the prevalence rate of Raynaud's phenomenon in the Japanese population, 1875 males and 1998 females were interviewed by medical doctors, aided by a typical photograph of Raynaud's phenomenon. The prevalence rates were 3.3% in males and 2.5% in females. Approximately 60% of the male cases of Raynaud's phenomenon were presumed to be caused by vibration syndrome or trauma to the fingers. Prevalence rates excluding these two causes were 1.2% in males and 2.2% in females. The male:female ratio of these prevalence rates was 1:1.9. The prevalence rate for males increased with age, while that for females tended to decrease. The male:female ratio for subjects under 50 years old was 1:5.2 and for those 50 years old or older the ratio was 1:1.1. The prevalence rates of symptoms limited to finger whitening, excluding cases caused by vibration syndrome or trauma, were 1.0% in males and 1.8% in females. Both of these prevalence rates were lower than those of male and female Caucasians.
Adult↗
Long-term storage of endocytosed latex beads in keratocytes in vivo.
Endocytosis by keratocytes (corneal fibroblasts) is an important part of the host defense system. To investigate the long-term fate of endocytosed materials, we injected polystyrene latex beads into the corneal stroma of four rabbits. The corneal stroma was observed under a transmission electron microscope 4 and 800 days after the injection. After 4 days, the beads were found not only between the collagen fibers of the stroma, but also in some keratocytes. After 800 days, no extracellular beads were seen, but endocytosed beads remained, surrounded by limiting membranes, in the cytoplasm of keratocytes. These observations demonstrate that keratocytes endocytose latex beads and store them for a long time, isolating these foreign materials from the corneal stroma. These observations suggest that keratocytes, like some other fibroblasts perform a noninflammatory and nonimmunological defense function.
Animals↗
Evaluation of severity indexes of patients with paraquat poisoning.
1. Three indexes for evaluating the severity of paraquat poisoning based on plasma-paraquat concentration are presently in use; the curves of Proudfood et al. and Scherrmann et al. and the SIPP. Their effectiveness in determining the prognosis of patients with paraquat poisoning was evaluated. 2. To determine which index was more accurate, contigency tables of the three indexes were obtained and compared; Proudfoot's curve vs the SIPP Scherrmann's curve vs the SIPP. Proudfoot's curve and the SIPP were applied to patients admitted within 24 h after intoxication. Scherrmann's curve and the SIPP were applied to patients admitted more than 24 h after intoxication. The proportions of patients with true positive and true negative results to total patients were compared by a ratio test. 3. Proudfoot's curve was found to be more accurate than the SIPP for predicting the prognosis of patients admitted within 24 h (P less than 0.05). No significant difference, however, was noted between Scherrmann's curve and the SIPP in determining the prognosis of patients admitted after more than 24 h. 4. In conclusion, Proudfoot's curve proved a better index for predicting the outcome of patients who were admitted within 24 h. However, for the prognosis of patients admitted more than 24 h after the ingestion of paraquat, further study is required.
Evaluation Studies as Topic↗