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Biomedical subjects

A Turner

Publications and source records attributed to A Turner.

216 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1966

Periodontosis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dentistry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surveillance for the impact in the UK of HIV epidemics in South Asia.

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether, because of the extensive recent spread of HIV infection in South Asia, South Asians (those people who classify themselves as Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi or Sri Lankan in origin) resident in the UK were at increased risk of HIV infection and to review current surveillance systems for detecting any such increase. DESIGN: Analysis of: ethnic grouping and probable country of infection recorded on voluntary confidential reports of AIDS cases and newly diagnosed HIV infections; blood donation testing data; reports of imported gonorrhoea infections; country of birth data from the unlinked anonymous (UA) survey of Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) clinic attenders; district of residence data from the UA survey of pregnant women; ethnic grouping of prevalent diagnosed HIV infections. RESULTS: Few reported AIDS cases or HIV infections were found in people of South Asian ethnic origin and few reported HIV or gonorrhoea infections were associated with exposure in South Asia. Data derived from the UA programme suggested as yet no increase in HIV prevalence in either STD clinic attenders born in South Asia or in pregnant women resident in districts containing substantial numbers of ethnic South Asians. CONCLUSIONS: There was no evidence that South Asians resident in the UK are currently at greater risk of HIV infection than people of white ethnicity or, therefore, that south Asian heterosexuals are a group deserving priority in HIV prevention. However, as rapid spread of HIV infection is being recorded in the Indian subcontinent, continuous monitoring is necessary. This will be facilitated by improved collection of ethnic group information in all surveillance activities.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gonorrhoea: signs, symptoms and serogroups.

Over 19 weeks, 104 male patients attending a genitourinary medicine clinic with gonococcal urethritis were asked to complete a questionnaire detailing symptoms. Sixty-seven questionnaires were duly completed. The examining nurse documented signs. Ninety-one isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were serogrouped and auxotyped, 55 of these were from patients who had completed a questionnaire. Patients presented earlier if they had a past history of gonorrhoea (p = 0.02). The serogroup of N. gonorrhoeae did not influence the amount of discharge, the presence of meatal inflammation, dysuria or penile tip irritation or the delay in presentation after appearance of discharge. Auxotype AHU was not associated with asymptomatic gonorrhoea.

Gonorrhea↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Central nervous system monoamine neurotransmitter turnover in primary and obesity-related human hypertension.

Recent experiments in laboratory animals have challenged the conventional view that the dominant effect of CNS noradrenergic neurons in cardiovascular control is sympathetic nervous inhibition and blood pressure reduction, describing instead sympathetic activation. We have tested whether such a stimulant effect on sympathetic outflow is also evident in human hypertension. CNS norepinephrine turnover was estimated from the combined overflow of norepinephrine, MHPG and DHPG into the internal jugular veins. Cerebral blood flow scans allowed differentiation between cortical and subcortical jugular venous drainage. In patients with pure autonomic failure, jugular overflow of norepinephrine and metabolites was not reduced, indicating brain neurons and not cerebrovascular sympathetics was the source. In healthy men, CNS norepinephrine turnover and muscle sympathetic nerve activity were directly related (p < 0.02). Administration of the ganglion blocker, trimethaphan, caused a compensatory five-fold increase in jugular overflow of MHPG. Conversely, intravenous clonidine reduced CNS norepinephrine turnover by approximately 50%, this possibly representing a mechanism of drug action. In cardiac failure patients, sympathetic nervous activation was associated with a trebling of CNS norepinephrine turnover (p < 0.01). In untreated patients with essential hypertension, the sympathetic activation present was associated with 250% higher CNS norepinephrine turnover (p < 0.01), but in subcortical brain regions only. A close and direct relation exists between brain norepinephrine turnover and human sympathetic nervous activity. CNS release of norepinephrine, presumably in the forebrain where noradrenergic neurons are sympathoexcitatory and pressor, mediates increased sympathetic nerve firing in patients with essential hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

EEG spectrum analysis techniques applied to the problem of psi phenomena.

Electroencephalographic techniques were used to study unusual sensory capabilities. One S, the "sender," of a pair of Ss was stimulated with 10 sec duration trains of flicker at 6 or 16 fps, randomly interspersed with periods of no flicker. EEGs were recorded from another S, the "receiver," to determine if EEG driving or alpha block would be evident on trials when the sender was stimulated, compared to when the sender was not stimulated. Differential alpha block on control and stimulus trials was observed reliably in one receiver, indicating some information transfer. The S's overt indications of which stimulus occurred were not different from what would be expected by chance. The physical parameters by which the EEG effect was mediated were not determined.

Alpha Rhythm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Autonomic function following myocardial infarction.

There is evidence that impaired autonomic function is a significant risk factor for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death following myocardial infarction. Measurement of heart rate variability and assessment of baroreflex sensitivity can identify patients at high risk from arrhythmic complications postinfarction and may become useful in risk stratification and management.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The holistic management of the patient with pre-eclampsia.

Physiological adaptations of pregnancy are summarised. Maternal consequences of pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and HELLP syndrome are described. Goals of ITU management are outlined. Directions for future management/therapies are included. The need to integrate technological expertise with sensitive nursing care is emphasised.

Adult↗