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Biomedical subjects

A Trovato

Publications and source records attributed to A Trovato.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Drug-nutrient interactions.

Drug-nutrient interactions are a commonly overlooked aspect of the prescribing practices of physicians. As more pharmaceutical agents become available, attention should be focused on interactions of drugs with foods and nutrients. Although drug-nutrient interactions are not as common as drug-drug interactions, they can have an impact on therapeutic outcome. Drugs can affect nutritional status by altering nutrient absorption, metabolism, utilization or excretion. Food, beverages and mineral or vitamin supplements can affect the absorption and effectiveness of drugs. Knowledge of drug-nutrient interactions can help reduce the incidence of these effects. Physicians should question patients about their dietary habits so that patients can be informed about possible interactions between a prescribed drug and foods and nutrients.

Drug Interactions↗
PubMed1990

N-trifluoroacetyl derivatives as pharmacological agents. V. Evaluation of antiinflammatory and antimicrobial activities of some N-heterocyclic trifluoroacetamides.

Following the investigation on pharmacological aspects of N-trifluoroacetyl compounds some heterocyclic trifluoroacetamides were prepared and explored as potential antiinflammatory-analgesic and antimicrobial agents. The trifluoroacetamides 3, 4, 5, and 6 reached significant activity in the hot plate analgesic test; the same 4 and 5, along with 7 and 8 showed inhibitory properties in the adjuvant arthritis test; only 7 however, displayed a significant dose-dependent activity in the carrageenin edema test. In addition the parent heterocyclic amines were similarly explored for comparison. Test for antimicrobial activity were carried out in parallel. Among the examined compounds, only 4-aminomorpholine and 2-aminobenzimidazole were found active when assayed against gram+ and gram- bacteria and mycetes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

N-trifluoroacetyl derivatives as pharmacological agents. IV--Antiinflammatory and related properties; antimicrobial activity of some polyaromatic trifluoroacetamides.

Taking into account both the analogy with the antiinflammatory triflamides and our previous observations on a series of trifluoroacetanilides active as acute and chronic antiinflammatory agents, the present series of polyaromatic N-trifluoroacetylderivatives were prepared. Their antiinflammatory and related properties as well as antimicrobial activity were evaluated. Few derivatives were found to display significant analgesic effects (hot plate test) whereas at 50 mg/kg all were devoid of antiinflammatory effects except the benzophenone derivative (III). Instead as regards the antimicrobial screening, a selective antimycoplasmal activity was revealed in six out of ten examined compounds.

Acetamides↗
PubMed1988

Effects of Trema guineense decoction on some metabolic activities in the rat.

The present study was undertaken to define the effects of Trema guineense (Schum. and Thonn.) Ficalho (Ulmaceae) on some metabolic activity in the rat. A decoction of leaves, administered by gastric intubation, lowers haematic uric acid levels and increases urinary elimination of the same acid. No changes in the blood glucose and cholesterol levels were observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A drug used in traditional medicine: Harpagophytum procumbens DC. II. Cardiovascular activity.

In conscious normotensive rats the dried crude methanolic extract of Harpagophytum procumbens secondary roots caused a significant dose-dependent reduction of arterial blood pressure. The decrease was significant only at higher doses given by gavage (dried extract = 400 mg/kg). At the same time a decrease of heart rate was observed. In the same experimental conditions, harpagoside presented an activity lower than doses of Harpagophytum procumbens extract containing corresponding quantities of harpagoside. In spontaneously beating Langendorff preparations of rabbit heart, the Harpagophytum procumbens methanolic extract caused a mild decrease in the heart rate with a concomitant mild positive inotropic effect at lower doses but a marked negative inotropic effect at higher doses. The coronary flow decreased at higher doses only. The negative chronotropic and positive inotropic effects of harpagoside were comparatively higher with respect to that of the extract, whereas harpagide had only a slight negative chronotropic effect and a considerable negative inotropic one. Both in experiments on intact rats and on isolated rabbit heart, the Harpagophytum procumbens extract also demonstrated a protective action with regard to arrhythmias induced by aconitine, and particularly to those provoked by calcium chloride and epinephrine--chloroform.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Adrenal cortex production of aldosterone "in vitro" caused by angiotensin II: effects of indomethacin].

Angiotensin II increases aldosterone production of isolated and superfused bovine adrenal glands. Indomethacin shows a bi-phasic effect on the production of the above-mentioned hormone, inhibitory at low doses (0,2 microgram/ml), stimulatory at high doses (5.0 microgram/ml). Preincubation with this drug impedes the increase of aldosterone production induced by angiotensin II. It is likely that the steroidogenetic effect of angiotnesin II is carried out through the PGs.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1979

[Role of the prostaglandin system in the monoaminergic control of prolactin release in the rat].

In ovariectomized rats treated with estradiol benzoate, the pre-treatment with bromocriptine or metergoline on increase of PRL secretion induced by some prostaglandins has been investigated. The PGs used were able to hinder the drop in PRL levels induced by metergoline, a blocker of 5-HT receptors, but not that produced by bromocriptine, a dopamine receptor agonist. Therefore it is possible to suppose that the PGs are involved in the monoaminergic hypothalamic regulation of the PRL secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Effects of some prostaglandins on plasma levels of prolactin in the rat].

In ovariectomized rats treated with estradiol benzoate the ICV introduction of PGE1, 11-deoxy-13,14-didehydro-16S-methyl-PGE2, PGI2 or 6 H-PGI1 produces a marked increase of the plasma prolactin levels. These results suggest that the PGs play a role in the regulation of the prolactin secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effect of prostaglandin A on renin secretion in the dog.

The role of PGA on the release of renin in the anesthetized dog has been studied. The infusion of prostaglandin for 60 minutes at a dose unable to cause pressor modifications (2 microgram/kg/min) was shown to increase the plasma renin activity (PRA); this effect was inhibited by propranolol and strengthened by aminophylline.

Aminophylline↗
PubMed1977

[Insulin-poietic effect of pentagastrin after beta-adrenergic block in the anesthesized dog].

Infusion of pentagastrin (5-G) into the femoral vein of anaesthesized dogs, in doses of 0.20 microgram/kg/min for 30 minutes, causes a prompt and significant increase in plasma IRI. The insulin-secretory effect of the peptide was not affected by 0.5 mg/kg i.v. of propranolol (a beta-adrenergic blocking agent) or by 1.3 mg/kg i.v. of practolol (a selective beta1-adrenergic blocking agent). These results show that the action of 5-G on the pancreatic beta-cells could be not related to the beta-adrenergic system.

Anesthesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Hypericum empetrifolium Willd. (Guttiferae).

A methanolic extract of Hypericum empetrifolium Willd. was evaluated for anti-inflammatory properties in rats (subplantar edema induced by carrageenan) and analgesic effects in mice (hot plate and writhing tests). Our results showed that the methanolic extract exhibits a significant anti-inflammatory activity and analgesic effects only in one of the experimental models (writhing test). Therefore, we may suppose that the methanolic extract of H. empetrifolium is active against inflammatory pain.

Analgesics, Non-Narcotic↗