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Biomedical subjects

A Tosti

Publications and source records attributed to A Tosti.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical features and long-term follow-up of 20 cases of parakeratosis pustulosa.

We report the clinical features and long-term follow-up of 20 pediatric patients with parakeratosis pustulosa (PKP). In eight children PKP was considered as a clinical manifestation of psoriasis. Of these, three children had skin psoriasis at the time of our observation, two developed nail psoriasis, and three developed psoriatic pitting during follow-up. Parakeratosis pustulosa was considered a symptom of allergic contact dermatitis in four patients, whereas atopic dermatitis was possibly responsible for PKP in two patients. A complete recovery from disease was observed in 11 patients. The results of our study suggest that PKP is not a single entity but rather represents a nail symptom that can be produced by several inflammatory diseases, including nail psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and contact dermatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital hypertrophy of the lateral nail folds of the hallux: clinical features and follow-up of seven cases.

Congenital hypertrophy of the nail folds of the hallux describes an abnormality of the periungual soft tissues of the big toe characterized by hypertrophy of the nail fold which partially covers the nail plate and is frequently associated with inflammation and pain due to an ingrowing nail. We describe the clinical picture and follow-up of seven patients with this abnormality. In three patients the affected toe showed an asymptomatic, dome-shaped, hypertrophic lip that partially covered the nail plate. Four patients had acute inflammatory changes due to toenail ingrowth, with considerable swelling and reddening of the hypertrophic lip that was painful on pressure. Topical treatment with steroids was useful to reduce inflammation and produced persistent remission in two patients. Follow-up showed a spontaneous disappearance of the hypertrophic nail fold in one of the seven patients. In two patients the hypertrophic lip partially regressed, but remained clearly visible, while in two patients it remained unchanged. In two patients surgical correction of the soft tissue abnormality was necessary due to painful nail ingrowth unresponsive to topical treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Itraconazole in the treatment of two young brothers with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis.

We report on two children affected by chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis involving the mouth and all the nails who were successfully treated with itraconazole at 200 mg/day for 2 months. This therapy produced a rapid cure of both candidal nail and mouth infections. The drug was very well tolerated, and routine laboratory monitoring during treatment did not reveal any abnormalities.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Occupational skin hazards from synthetic plastics.

Epoxy and acrylic resins have numerous industrial applications but are also widely used in the household environment. These compounds are presently one of the most important sources of occupational contact dermatitis. Contact sensitization to epoxy resins is usually caused by the resin itself but hardeners or other additives, such as reactive diluents, plasticizers, fillers and pigments, can occasionally be responsible. Since completely cured epoxy resins are not sensitizers, epoxy resin sensitization is always due to the presence, in the final polymer, of uncured allergenic low molecular weight oligomers. Acrylates are now considered the fourth most common cause of contact sensitization due to resins. Unpolymerized monomers of acrylic compounds are known to be responsible for the contact allergy. Accelerators, inhibitors and catalysts, which are usually added to the acrylates to promote the polymerization process, can also sensitize. Both allergic and irritant contact dermatitis may be caused by exposure to epoxy or acrylic resins and their additives. Contact urticaria, allergic or irritant airborne contact dermatitis caused by volatile compounds, onychia and paronychia can also occur. From January of 1984 to May of 1992 we detected 39 cases of occupational allergic contact dermatitis to epoxy resin system substances and 11 cases of occupational contact sensitization to acrylic compounds. In our experience, the electronics industry as well as paint and glue related activities were the most important sources of epoxy sensitization. Dental materials and anaerobic sealants were found to be the most frequent acrylate sensitizers.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The different faces of pili bifurcati. A review.

Pili bifurcati is an uncommon hair shaft dysplasia characterized by bifurcation of the hair shaft. The two characteristics that define the dysplasia are: 1. Each bifurcation produces two separate parallel branches which fuse again to form a single shaft. 2. Each branch of the successive bifurcations is covered with its own cuticle. Currently, there is confusion between the terms "pili bifurcati" and "pili gemini". The name "pili gemini" is used to define a kinetic papilla that splits at the upper end from single to double-tipped during the anagen phase and consequently the same follicular matrix produces two different-sized hair shafts having separate cuticles that emerge through a single pilary canal. Pili gemini maintains the double tipped papilla and consequently the hair shaft does not fuse again. Papillar tips that divide into several tips will produce several hair shafts, that characteristically do not fuse again. When the same papilla changes its shape repeatedly during the anagen phase, it can produce hair shafts with bifurcations at irregular intervals: pili multibifurcati. And, as it is also possible for one of the new papillae to split again in two, the hair shaft may be doubly bifurcated: pili bi, bifurcati. Pili bifurcati should be distinguished from acquired splitting of hair shafts that do not represent true bifurcations because the two split parts are never surrounded by a complete cuticle. Such acquired splitting may be called "central trichoptilosis".

Hair↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical subsets of scleroderma: relevance of fluorescent and precipitating antinuclear antibodies.

Sera from 7 patients with localized and 35 with systemic scleroderma were studied for the presence of fluorescent antinuclear antibodies (FANA) (by indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells) and antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens (anti-ENA) (by immunodiffusion - ID - and counterimmunoelectrophoresis - CIE). In localized disease, antinuclear autoimmunity was limited to 1 FANA positive serum (14%); in systemic disease, the prevalence of FANA was 94% and that of anti-ENA ranged from 29% to 49% (by ID and CIE, respectively). The commonest ENA system, Scl-70, could be easily detected by CIE, in spite of the reported basic nature of the antigen. The anticentromere antibody occurred only in patients with acrosclerosis (7/26-27%), whereas the association of nucleolar + homogeneous FANA, as well as the anti-Scl-70, were found more frequently in diffuse scleroderma (9/9-100% and 6/9-67%, respectively). The presence of the anticentromere antibody excluded that of any anti-ENA, while a close association was found between nucleolar + homogeneous FANA and the anti-Scl-70. Pulmonary involvement was significantly more frequent in nucleolar + homogeneous FANA positive patients; moreover, in two cases the same pattern proved to predict the development of diffuse scleroderma.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cutaneous leishmaniasis in western Sicily (Italy) and preliminary survey of phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae).

A survey of phlebotomine sandflies was carried out in two provinces of western Sicily (Italy), where 65 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) had been diagnosed by the Dermatology Department of the University of Palermo, between 1977 and 1987. Eight collecting stations, distributed throughout the CL foci of the Agrigento and Palermo provinces produced a total of 2,410 specimens (12.78% males). Of these, 77.59% were Phlebotomus perfiliewi, 12.78% P. perniciosus, 0.74% P. major and 2.07% Sergentomyia minuta. P. perfiliewi, the probable vector of CL, was present in 7 out of the 8 collecting stations with very high densities in two localities.

Adolescent↗