Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Tokunaga

Publications and source records attributed to A Tokunaga.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Prognostic evaluation of peritoneal lavage smears and gastric wall brushing smears in gastric cancer surgery].

We investigated the correlation of intraoperative peritoneal lavage smear and gastric wall brushing smear cytology with macroscopic and histologic findings and prognosis, in 216 patients with gastric cancer. Some 196 of these patients underwent gastric resection and 20 did not. The incidence of positive cancer cells determined by these methods was significantly correlated with gastric resection, tumor invasion, and peritoneal dissemination. Among patients without macroscopic peritoneal dissemination, four were found to have positive peritoneal lavage smears or gastric wall brushing smears, respectively. The prognosis of these patients did not differ from that of patients with metastases to the adjacent peritoneum but not the distant peritoneum. These results suggest that peritoneal lavage smears and gastric wall brushing smears are useful for predicting the peritoneal cancer dissemination. Therefore we intend to target patients with no peritoneal metastases (Po) showing positive peritoneal cytology for intensive treatment.

Female↗
PubMed1995

[Li-Fraumeni syndrome].

The Li-Fraumeni syndrome was initially recognized through clinical observations at the bed side, which was followed by epidemiological studies. Children suffering from rhabdomyosarcoma were shown to have two or more of six forms of cancer in their parents, grandparents and other relatives, indicating cancer family syndrome. This syndrome has been shown to involve tumor suppressor gene p53 mutations in the germ-line. The patients in the family most often have a proband with soft tissue sarcoma or osteosarcoma, and relatives with breast cancer, brain tumor, leukemia and adrenocortical cancer. Members of the family also appear to be at risk for developing second independent malignancies during their life span. Recommendations on predictive testing for germ line p53 mutations among cancer-prone individuals have been made by the subcommittees, which were sponsored by National Cancer Institute and the National Center for Human Genome Research.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Tissue IgA antibody against Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastroduodenal diseases: comparison with bacterial culture, serum IgG antibody, and [13C]Urea breath test.

Helicobacter pylori infection is often associated with gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. After total gastrectomy, positive to negative seroconversion of the H. pylori IgG antibody assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was found in 10/15 patients (67%) an average of 8.5 months after surgery. Therefore, the IgG antibody persists for a long time after total removal of the stomach in about 30% of patients. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is a major component of the local immunity of the stomach mucosa and has a short half-life. Therefore, tissue H. pylori IgA antibodies in biopsy specimens from patients with various gastric diseases were assayed by ELISA and compared with the bacterial culture, serum IgG antibody (ELISA), and [13C]urea breath test results from 144, 170, and 123 endoscopic examinations, respectively. Positivity and negativity of tissue H. pylori IgA coincided with the culture results in 67% of the examinations, and positive IgA antibody but negative culture results were found in 23%. The coincidence of tissue IgA and serum IgG antibodies against H. pylori was 64% and that of negative tissue IgA but positive serum IgG antibody results was 36%. Positivity and negativity of tissue H. pylori IgA antibody coincided with the [13C]urea breath test results in 72%. One month after completion of treatment of peptic ulcer patients for H. pylori infection with lansoprazole and benexate HCl betadex plus amoxicillin, 6/9 (67%) patients showed positive to negative conversion of the tissue IgA antibody, in contrast to no IgG antibody seroconversion. In conclusion, the tissue H. pylori IgA antibody assay is useful for detection of local immunity against H. pylori in the stomach and during follow-up after treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Home parenteral nutrition for terminal cancer patients--when should we tell the truth about their disease and return them to their home with HPN].

Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is a significant way to enable terminally ill cancer patients to live with high quality of life at home. However, the most important condition to perform HPN is the patients' desire to return to their home. For this purpose, we should consider in informing them of the truth of their disease. We had three terminal cancer patients who returned to their home with HPN. Cas 1: 52-year-old woman, recurrent stomach cancer. She did not know her cancer. She stayed at home for 45 days with HPN. Case 2: 46-year-old woman, recurrent stomach cancer. She did not know her recurrence of cancer. She stayed at home for only 15 days with HPN. Case 3: 45-year-old woman, recurrent pancreatic head cancer. She knew her disease and her life expectancy. She had 6-year-old daughter and desired to return home. She stayed at home with HPN for 8 months. As we told Case 3 truth of her disease when she was diagnosed as recurrence of cancer, she lived at home with HPN for 8 months. From the experience of three cases, we may concluded that, the sooner the patients are informed the truth about their disease, the longer they can stay at home with HPN and spend their limited time with high QOL.

Female↗
PubMed1995

Prolonged disease-free period in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer after adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.

Thirteen patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, who did not show any detectable lesion after cisplatin-containing chemotherapy following primary operation, were treated with adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL group). Eleven patients with almost equivalent conditions of disease, who were treated with only chemotherapy following primary operation, served as a control group. The median time of follow-up was 36 (range, 23-44) months in the TIL group and 33 (range, 14-48) months in the control group. The estimated 3-year overall survival rate of disease-free patients in the TIL group and in the control group was 100% and 67.5%, respectively. A significant difference was noticed between the overall survival rate of the TIL group and the control group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the estimated 3-year disease-free survival rate of the patients in the TIL group and in the control group was 82.1% and 54.5%, respectively. The disease-free survival rate of patients in the TIL group and in the control group was significantly different (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the adoptive transfer of TILs after all chemotherapy has been finished might be one promising method to achieve complete cure of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Expression of fibroblast growth factor gene family and its receptor gene family in the human upper gastrointestinal tract.

All of 13 human esophageal cancer cell lines contained mRNAs for both basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and its receptor, FGFR1/N-sam protein, while they did not have mRNAs for keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) despite the presence of mRNAs for the KGF receptor gene, K-sam. The results indicate that in human esophageal cancer, bFGF plays roles in an autocrine manner, while KGF acts as a paracrine mediator. In contrast, only one of seven human gastric cancer cell lines contained bFGF mRNAs, while three out of the seven had mRNAs for FGFR1/N-sam protein. The KGF gene was not expressed in any of the gastric cancer cell lines, while K-sam mRNAs were detected in six out of the seven. The results demonstrate that in most human gastric cancers, bFGF does not act as an autocrine mediator, while KGF acts as a paracrine factor. The mRNAs for the other four members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, including acidic FGF, int-2 protein, hst-1 protein, FGF5 protein and FGF6/hst-2 protein could not be detected in the esophageal and gastric cancer cell lines.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Immunomodulation in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer after adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.

The immunomodulation determined by natural killer cell activity, delayed-type hypersensitivity to purified protein derivative and phytohemagglutin, and phenotypic changes of peripheral blood lymphocytes was characterized in 12 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who received adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) after cisplatin-containing chemotherapy (TIL group). As a control, 10 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who did not receive infusions of TIL were also examined in the same fashion. In the TIL group, peripheral blood lymphocytes showed increased percentages of cells bearing the CD8 antigen, in contrast to stable percentages of CD4 antigen-bearing cells, resulting in a decreased ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ cells. The percentages of CD16 and CD56 antigen-bearing cells also increased in proportion to augmentation of natural killer cell activity against K562 cells. Additionally, with regard to cell-mediated immunity determined by delayed-type hypersensitivity to phytohemagglutin and purified protein derivative, significantly and slightly enlarged erythema was observed 2 and 8 weeks, respectively, after the injection of TILs (phytohemagglutin, P < 0.05; purified protein derivative, not statistically significant). The control group showed no major changes in any of the immunological markers. These results suggest the possibility that the adoptive transfer of TILs induces immunoactivation of cellular immunity and enhances natural killer activity in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The effect of insulinlike growth factor I on wound healing variables and macrophages in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I) depletion and restoration on the number of wound macrophages and wound healing variables. DESIGN: Fourteen-day, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Animal research laboratory. STUDY PARTICIPANTS: Sham-operated and hypophysectomized healthy male rats weighing 300 g. INTERVENTION: Random assignment to a 14-day IGF-I (10 micrograms per wound per day) or placebo infusion directly into standardized Hunt-Schilling dorsal wound chambers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Wound healing variables (dry tissue weight, total protein, DNA, and hydroxyproline content), and number and concentration of wound macrophages. RESULTS: The IGF-I depletion in hypophysectomized rats decreased wound protein, DNA, and hydroxyproline content of wounds by 50%, and IGF-I infusion returned these variables to near that of sham-operated rats. Wound macrophage concentrations decreased by 50% from control in the IGF-I depleted rats and increased to 75% of control with IGF-I infusion. CONCLUSION: Insulinlike growth factor I may have a fundamental role in wound healing and may exert part of its stimulatory effect through macrophages. Although an independent effect of hypophysectomy on macrophages and collagen deposition is not excluded, we believe it is unlikely given the return to normal values with IGF-I infusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Stimulatory effect of EGF and inhibitory effect of sialoadenectomy on growth of an EGF receptor-hyperproducing human gastric cancer xenograft in nude mice.

We recently established epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor-hyperproducing human gastric cancer xenografts in nude mice. The present study was designed to examine whether the growth of a xenograft having 1,098 +/- 276 fmol/mg protein of EGF receptor would either be stimulated by the administration of EGF or inhibited by the removal of the submandibular glands (sialoadenectomy) which contain a large amount of EGF. A miniosmotic pump containing 2 micrograms or 20 micrograms of EGF was implanted on the back of the animals in the EGF stimulation experiments. The tumor growth was stimulated by the administration of EGF (P < 0.01), and the doubling time of the tumor was reduced relative to the controls (P < 0.01). Both the mitotic indices and the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeling indices of the tumor were higher than those of the controls (P < 0.01). Tumor growth inhibited by the sialoadenectomy (P < 0.05) while the tumor doubling time was prolonged compared with the sham-operated mice (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the growth of a human gastric cancer xenograft may be modulated by EGF.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

The presence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its antibody in the sera of cachexic patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Although cancer cachexia has been shown to involve several cytokines, the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) has rarely been detected in such patients. In this study, sera from 21 patients with cancer cachexia were examined for the presence of TNF and the anti-TNF antibody using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting, respectively. All of the patients had recurrent cancer and manifested the characteristics of progressive body weight loss. TNF was found in the sera of four patients (20%) at levels ranging from 10.4 to 53.1 pg/ml, while a positive reaction for the anti-TNF antibody was detected in the sera from six patients (30%), two of whom showed both TNF and its antibody. Thus, either TNF or the anti-TNF antibody was present in the sera from 8 of 21 patients (40%). The results of this study indicate that TNF may be present in the circulation of at least 40% of cachexic patients, and suggest that it may be one of the main mediators of cancer-associated cachexia.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Detection of serum IgG antibody against Helicobacter pylori from childhood in a Japanese population.

Epidemiological evidence has shown that seropositivity for Helicobacter pylori in the stomach is positively correlated with the incidence of gastric cancer. In this study, we investigated serum IgG antibody against H. pylori in asymptomatic Japanese subjects by an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) method (Serion, Wuerzburg, Germany). We noted two characteristics: (1) Seropositivity was seen in 41% of individuals aged less than 1 year, and in 9% of those aged 1-2 years, indicating the possibility that IgG antibody in infancy is derived from the mother. (2) Seropositivity was seen in 35% of individuals aged 15-19 years compared to 70% in those aged 20-24 years, indicating the spread of H. pylori infection with age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Fetal and uteroplacental flow velocity waveforms in abruptio placentae: report of two cases.

This paper reports two cases of abruptio placentae assessed using pulsed Doppler at 29 and 30 weeks of gestation. Transvaginal pulsed Doppler showed abnormal uterine artery FVWs in both cases. One fetus with normal umbilical and normal middle cerebral artery FVWs was not acidotic and only midly hypoxic, whereas the other fetus with normal umbilical and abnormal middle cerebral artery FVWs was severely acidotic and hypoxic at birth. It is suggested that Doppler assessment of fetal blood distribution is of great value for the rapid diagnosis of fetal asphyxia, and that uteroplacental FVWs provide reliable information on which to base the diagnosis of abruptio placentae.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of peritoneal lavage smears and gastric wall brushing smears in gastric cancer surgery].

We investigated the utility of intraoperative peritoneal lavage smears and gastric wall brushing smears for diagnosis of peritoneal dissemination and serosal involvement during gastric cancer surgery. One hundred fifty-three patients with gastric cancer were examined; 138 who underwent gastric resection and 15 who did not. The incidence of cancer cell positivity determined by these methods was 8.0% in resected cases, and 80.0% in unresected cases. According to macroscopic serosal invasion, the incidence of positive cytology was 0% for S0, 15.4% for S1, 13.0% for S2, and 38.7% for S3. According to microscopic wall invasion, the incidence of positivity was 0% for m and sm, 6.3% for mp, 0% for ss, and 22.2% for se and si. In terms of macroscopic peritoneal dissemination, the incidence of positivity was 2.6% for P0, 28.6% for P1, 42.9% for P2, and 90.0% for P3. These results suggest that peritoneal lavage smears and gastric wall brushing smears are useful for predicting the spread of peritoneal dissemination. Thus, further study of intraoperative fast-smear cytology seems warranted.

Gastrectomy↗
PubMed1994

[Treatment for peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer by intraperitoneal administration of CDDP through Infuse-a-Port].

This report describes the effect of intraperitoneal administration of CDDP for the treatment of peritoneal dissemination (P) in 20 patients with gastric cancer. Eight patients after palliative resection, 4 after non-resection and 8 with recurrent cancer were given 25 mg of CDDP through a reservoir (Infuse-A-Port) implanted in the abdominal wall once a week. Simultaneously, 400 mg/body/day of UFT and 2 mg/body/week of Lentinan were administered. Twelve of the patients died of disease at 6-19 months (median 7 months), but 8 have survived 3 to 15 months (median 6 months). Complete and partial responses were obtained in 7 of the 8 patients with recurrence (88%) for malignant ascites. No patient showed any toxicity from treatment. All patients receive the treatment in the outpatient clinic after discharge, and 17 patients have shown a long hospital-free survival.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical results of UFT against ovarian carcinoma].

We carried out a phase II study on single oral administration of UFT in 17 patients with ovarian carcinoma. Two PR cases were observed out of 13 evaluable cases for a response rate was 15.4%. Side-effects, appearing in 10 of the cases (58.8%) were mainly anorexia (17.6%), stomatitis (17.8%), nausea/vomiting (11.8%), leukopenia (11.8%) and thrombocytopenia (11.8%), but they were not serious. UFT proved useful in the treatment of patients with ovarian carcinoma.

Administration, Oral↗