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Biomedical subjects

A Tokue

Publications and source records attributed to A Tokue.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

A technique for resection of small bladder tumors using a flexible cystoscope on an outpatient basis: bladder tumor resection with newly designed hot cup forceps.

PURPOSE: We describe a technique for resecting small papillary superficial bladder tumors using a new device and flexible cystoscope. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a 79-year-old man 3 small recurrent papillary bladder tumors were resected transurethrally on an outpatient basis. The procedure was performed using a flexible cystoscope and a newly designed type of cup forceps with the patient under topical anesthesia. No urethral catheter remained indwelling after surgery and the patient was discharged home the same day. RESULTS: Bladder tumor resection using this technique was tolerable to the patient and postoperative bladder hemorrhage was not noted. Resected specimens were adequate for pathological tumor evaluation, which revealed grade 1 stage Ta superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. CONCLUSIONS: This easy technique seems to be tolerated well by the patient. Resected specimens should be adequate for evaluating the pathological grade and depth of stage Ta or T1 superficial bladder cancer. This technique may be an alternative to standard transurethral resection for removing small recurrent bladder lesions in select patients who prefer outpatient management of bladder tumors.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Serum anti-p53 antibodies and p53 protein status in the sera and tumors from bladder cancer patients.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the serum anti-p53 antibodies (Abs) status and the p53 protein status in the sera and tumors as well as clinical or pathological parameters in bladder cancer patients retrospectively. METHODS: Serum samples from 100 patients with bladder cancer were assayed for anti-p53 Abs and p53 protein by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A monoclonal antibody DO7 was used for immunohistochemical staining of tumor p53 protein. RESULTS: Prevalences of serum anti-p53 Abs, serum p53 protein and tumor p53 protein were 12, 1 and 63%, respectively. There was a significant correlation between serum anti-p53 Abs status and factors including tumor stage, tumor grade, and tumor p53 protein status. In the univariate analysis, tumor stage, tumor grade, serum anti-p53 Abs status, and tumor p53 protein status were significantly associated with an increased risk of death. Multivariate analysis showed that tumor stage was the only independent prognostic factor among the factors examined. CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that serum anti-p53 Abs had a limited value as a tumor marker in bladder cancer patients. Further studies to elucidate the mechanism of anti-p53 Abs production will be necessary for a better understanding of the immune status in bladder cancer patients.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed2000

Leiomyoma of the ureter.

We report a case of leiomyoma of the ureter, and the patient underwent partial ureteral resection. This is the 8th case reported after 1955, and the clinical features of ureteral leiomyomas of these 8 cases are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Effects of dosing time and schedule on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Renal dysfunction induced by a single injection of cisplatin depends on the timing of the dose. However, the effects of repeated administration of cisplatin on time-dependent toxicity have not been evaluated despite the fact that in clinical practice high doses are repeatedly injected at intervals or low doses are administered daily. We studied chrononephrotoxicity in rats after weekly or daily cisplatin injections. Weekly high doses (5 mg kg(-1)) or daily low doses (1.2 mg kg(-1)) of cisplatin were injected at four time points (3, 9, 15 and 21 h after the light was turned on (HALO)) for 3 weeks. Changes in body weight after weekly cisplatin administration were independent of the timing of the doses. In the group that received daily cisplatin, the loss in body weight in the 3 HALO group was smaller than in animals receiving injections at 15 and 21 HALO (P < 0.05 and 0.001, respectively). The blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels in the control rats showed a significant circadian change (peak at 15 HALO and trough at 9 HALO), but these parameters were markedly elevated in both trials and their circadian variations were disturbed. In conclusion, cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity was the lowest at 3HALO compared with other time points of both dose regimens.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[The vanishing testis: diagnosis and histological findings].

PURPOSE: Controversy exists on how to diagnose the vanishing testis and the degree of investigation required. In this series, we reviewed anatomical and histological findings in vanishing testes and investigated the effectiveness of diagnostic laparoscopy and imaging studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1974 and March 1999, 107 boys with nonpalpable testis underwent surgery. Of the total, 52 had spermatic vessels, vas deferens, and/or nubbin, and as a result the diagnosis of vanishing testis was made. RESULTS: The affected side of vanishing testis was left 41, right 9 and bilateral 2.35 nubbins were found and the lengths of 24 nubbins were 5 mm or less. Histological examinations were performed in 43 cases including 27 nubbins. From that total, 31 had vas deferens and 11 had epididymis. Only two nubbins had seminiferous tubules but they included no germ cells. The two nubbins were greater than 5 mm long. Laparoscopic surgery was undertaken in 12 separate cases of the vanishing testis and as a result hypoplastic spermatic vessels were present in 7 of the 12 cases. CONCLUSION: The incidence of viable testicular tissue in vanishing testes was 4.7% in our series and it ranges from 0-16% in other series. We submit that one can diagnose the inguinal vanishing testis with preoperative imaging and laparoscopy, and that the nubbin seldom contains testicular tissue. Our results do not support the necessity to remove nubbins.

Cryptorchidism↗
PubMed2000

Altered synaptic transmission in the hippocampus of the castrated male mouse is reversed by testosterone replacement.

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of castration on hippocampal function, we have investigated synaptic transmission in the castrated male mouse in vivo. We also examined whether administering testosterone can reverse the changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male 12 weeks-old C57BL/6J mice were divided into three experimental groups; sham-castration (Control), the castration group (Cast), and the castration plus testosterone propionate group (Cast+TP). Field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) were evoked in the CA1 area of the hippocampus by stimulating the commissural fibers of the contralateral hippocampus. Field EPSPs were evoked in the granular cells of the dentate gyrus (DG) by stimulating the ipsilateral perforant path fibers. RESULTS: Laminar analysis of the fEPSPs in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cell layer did not differ significantly between the three experimental groups. However, paired pulse facilitation (PPF) of the fEPSP with short inter-stimulus intervals (30 to 100 msec) was significantly suppressed in Cast group. This suppression was reversed by testosterone injection (Cast+TP). Longterm potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 pyramidal neurons by high frequency stimulation (HFS) did not differ significantly between the three experimental groups, whereas potentiation evoked by primed burst stimulation (PBS) was much weaker in the Cast group compared with the Control group. Testosterone injection restored the PBS-induced potentiation to the control level. Synaptic transmission between perforant pathway and the granule cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) did not differ significantly among the three experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS: Suppression of PPF and impairment of the potentiation by PBS in CA1 hippocampal neurons was observed in castrated male mice and these changes were reversed by testosterone injection. These findings suggest that altered synaptic transmission in the castrated male mouse is caused by disturbance of inhibitory neuronal networks that are influenced by testosterone.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Stage pT1 signet ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report].

A case of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is described. A 59-year-old man presented with microscopic hematuria, and cystoscopy revealed a white nonpapillary tumor. Histopathological examination of the resected tumor revealed signet ring cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma. Histological depth of invasion was pT1. No adjuvant therapy was performed. Primary signet ring cell of the urinary bladder is a rare tumor with 37 cases reported to date in Japan. We investigated previously reported cases and discussed adjuvant therapies of superficial signet ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell↗
PubMed2000

Nephron-sparing surgery is still controversial for patients with renal cell carcinoma and normal contralateral kidney: risks predictable by AgNOR counts in satellite lesions.

PURPOSE: To determine whether nephron-sparing surgery is appropriate for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and a normal contralateral kidney. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prepared whole-area histologic sections from 58 cases of RCC to examine the features of satellite tumor lesions (STLs), the proliferative potential of which was evaluated by counting argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions (AgNORs). RESULTS: We found three types of microscopic lesions: STLs, adenomas, and dysplastic foci, the latter two of which appeared to be preneoplastic. Of the 58 cases, STLs were observed in 27 (47%) and either adenomas or dysplastic foci in 19 (33%). At least one of the three types of lesion was found in 37 cases (64%). No correlation was found between the incidence of STL and the size of the main tumor, but the incidence tended to be higher in lesions of higher grade or stage. The STLs were located >2 cm from the margin of the main tumor in 6 of the 27 cases (22%). The mean number of AgNORs per high-power field was 5.09 +/- 1.53 (SD) in the main tumors, 4.21 +/- 1.36 in the STLs, and 2.27 +/- 0.07 in the adenomas and dysplastic foci. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that nephron-sparing surgery risks leaving STLs, which have considerable proliferative potential. Thus, nephron-sparing surgery must still be considered adventurous treatment in elective cases but can be recommended for patients who require nephron preservation.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical usefulness of cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx) as a bone metastatic marker in patients with prostate cancer--comparison with serum PICP, PINP and ICTP].

Type I collagen cross-linked N-telopeptide (NTx) in urine, the degraded form of type I collagen cross-linked in bone, has been evaluated as a marker of bone resorption. In this study, the clinical usefulness of NTx as a marker of bone metastasis of prostate cancer was compared with that the carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP), the aminoterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), and the pyridinoline cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) in serum. We assessed 37 cases of prostatic cancer in which the diagnosis had been confirmed pathologically. The patients were 15 patients with prostatic cancer with bone metastasis (before treatment or during a relapse) (Group 1); 11 patients, with bone metastasis, but for whom treatment was effective and condition had stabilized (Group 2); and 11 patients, with localized prostatic cancer and no evidence of bone metastasis (Group 3). The serum PICP, PINP, and ICTP levels and concentration of NTx in urine were compared among the three groups with the Mann-Whitney U test, with p values less than 0.05 considered significant. Urine NTx concentrations in Groups 1, 2 and 3 were 539.3 +/- 202.9, 160.6 +/- 97.6 and 48.6 +/- 7.6 nMBCE/mMCr, respectively. The differences between the Group 1 and Group 2 and between Group 1 and Group 3 were significant (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001). The differences between Group 1 and Group 3 and between Group 2 and Group 3 were significant for serum PICP, PINP and ICTP concentrations (p < 0.05). The correlation coefficient between urine NTx and each serum bone metabolic marker was 0.8 for PICP, 0.4 for PINP and 0.5 for ICTP. These bone metabolic markers are promising clinical markers of bone metastatic and may be useful for prediction of therapeutic efficacy and recurrence in bone and quantification of the extent of bone metastates.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1999

Biomodulation of 5-fluorouracil by interferon-alpha in human renal carcinoma cells: relationship to the expression of thymidine phosphorylase.

PURPOSE: To provide the basis for improved therapeutic benefit in combination chemotherapy with interferon (IFN) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), we investigated the modulatory actions of human recombinant IFN alfa-2a on 5-FU in five renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines in vitro, in particular focusing on thymidine phosphorylase (TP) expression. METHODS: The sensitivity of RCC cell lines to the drugs was evaluated using an AlamarBlue assay. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine TP expression. RESULTS: IFN-alpha enhanced the sensitivity of three of five RCC cell lines to 5-FU in a dose- and schedule-dependent manner. When IFN-alpha was given prior to 5-FU, sensitivity to 5-FU was significantly higher than when IFN-alpha was given simultaneously (P < 0.05). IFN-alpha enhanced TP expression in a dose-dependent manner in three of five RCC cell lines (P < 0.05). The relative IFN-alpha-induced increase in sensitivity to 5-FU correlated with the relative IFN-alpha-induced increase in TP expression (P < 0.05). In addition, two of three RCC cell lines with more than a twofold increase in sensitivity to 5-FU induced by IFN-alpha showed a higher TP expression without IFN-alpha stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that IFN-alpha upregulates TP expression and modulates 5-FU anabolism thus enhancing 5-FU cytotoxicity in a dose- and schedule-dependent manner in some RCC cells. The results imply that TP expression measurement in RCC could identify subgroups of metastatic RCC that may respond to IFN-alpha/5-FU combination therapy, and sequential administration of IFN-alpha followed by 5-FU may be beneficial in such cases.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1999

[A case of giant transitional cell carcinoma of the prostate].

A 69-year-old man presented with a complaint of pollakisuria, dysuria and anal pain. Digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasonography and tumor marker of the prostate indicated a giant benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH), but urethrocystogram and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate was not typical of BPH. A diagnosis of giant BPH was made by transrectal needle biopsy of the prostate. However, symptoms of dysuria and anal pain became severe and then a catheter was indwelt into his bladder. A biopsy performed, 3 months later revealed transitional cell carcinoma in the specimens, but he suddenly died of pulmonary infarction.

Aged↗