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Biomedical subjects

A Tittobello

Publications and source records attributed to A Tittobello.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of a gel formulation of sucralfate on gastric microcirculation.

Dyspeptic patients (n = 12) with endoscopic signs of chronic gastritis were treated orally for 28 days with a new gel formulation of sucralfate at a dose of 1 g twice daily. Before and after treatment, gastric blood flow was assessed during endoscopy by means of laser Doppler flowmetry. The sucralfate gel promoted a significant increase (P < 0.001) in blood perfusion in all patients, restoring normal levels of gastric microcirculation. The results are consistent with observations in animals, suggesting that the mechanisms responsible for the gastroprotective and therapeutic properties of sucralfate include enhancement of mucosal blood flow.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of the administration of magnesium hydroxide on gastric acidity in health volunteers].

Antacids are often the first therapeutic approach in patients with pyrosis. We carried-out a study on 8 healthy volunteers who underwent a 24 hour gastric pH-metry to assess the real efficacy of magnesium hydroxide administration on gastric acidity. Magnesium hydroxide was alternatively administered at different dosages (400 mg or 800 mg) in the population studied. Our results showed a mild and non reproducible response to lower dose, but, on the contrary, the 800 mg dose always induced an immediate, effective and prolonged antacid action, reaching a maximum pH value of 5 and lasting up to 40 minutes. Our study confirms, using a modern and reliable technique as the 24-hour gastric pH-metry, the antacid activity of magnesium hydroxide.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sustained enhancement of gastric HCO3 secretion in humans by enprostil.

Twelve healthy, male volunteers were treated for ten days, in double-blind conditions, with either enprostil, a PGE2 derivative, at a dose of 35 micrograms bid or with placebo. Before and after treatment fasting gastric juice was collected and basal bicarbonate secretion was measured by Feldman's method. In the enprostil group a statistically significant (p less than 0.01) increase in gastric HCO3 output was detectable 12 hours after the last dose. That finding, which is in keeping with the results of acute single-dose studies, suggests that stimulation of bicarbonate secretion by enprostil is not merely a transient phenomenon involved in the prevention of mucosal injury, but a lasting effect that may contribute to the ulcer-healing activity of the drug.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Does Helicobacter pylori affect gastric microcirculation?

Chronic gastritis is frequently accompanied by Helicobacter pylori infection and associated with a reduced gastric blood flow. To investigate the possible relationship between the two phenomena, 20 outpatients with histological antral gastritis with or without concomitant duodenal ulcer, 10 of them Hp positive and 10 negative, were selected and compared with a matched group of ten healthy controls. Mucosal blood flow was measured in the gastric antrum by laser Doppler flowmetry during endoscopy. In both groups of patients with chronic gastritis the values were significantly lower than normal (p < 0.01), the difference between Hp+ and Hp- cases being statistically not significant. In six of the Hp+ patients, eradication therapy with omeprazole+amoxycillin was carried out because of concomitant duodenal ulcer. At 6 weeks eradication was successful in four patients, but perfusion values remained unchanged. Mucosal blood flow in chronic gastritis is reduced regardless of concomitant H. pylori infection and eradication has no influence on gastric perfusion. Therefore H. pylori appears to have no direct effects on gastric microcirculation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Combined endoscopic and extracorporeal shock-wave treatment in difficult bile duct stones: early and long-term results.

Endoscopic papillosphincterotomy (EPT) has become a well-established therapeutic procedure in the management of common bile duct stones; however, in difficult cases with large stones or anatomic conditions limiting the amplitude of the sphincteric section, the procedure may fail. In these cases, the association with extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has proved to be helpful. Twenty out of 21 patients in whom the endoscopic approach failed because of the presence of large stones in the biliary tree (15 cases) or anatomic conditions (5 cases) underwent ESWL treatment. Stone fragmentation was achieved in 18 of the 20 treated patients (90%), with spontaneous clearing of the fragments in 10 patients after ESWL sessions and in another 2 patients within three months. In 6 cases the residual fragments were extracted by means of endoscopy. The combined procedures were therefore successful in all the 18 cases in which stone fragmentation was obtained. Complications occurred in two cases after ESWL treatment (asymptomatic pancreatic reaction and severe bleeding from the papillary area). Clinical, ultrasound and biochemical evaluations at 6 and 12 months documented a normal condition in all but two treated subjects.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enhancement of gastric mucosal blood flow with sulglycotide.

Twelve patients with dyspepsia whose gastric abnormalities ranged from diffuse reddening of the mucosa to multiple erosions were treated for 4 weeks with oral sulglycotide, a sulphated glycopeptide with known gastroprotective and ulcer-healing properties. Before and after treatment, gastric mucosal blood flow was assessed by means of laser Doppler flowmetry. A significant (P < 0.01) increase in mucosal perfusion was observed after sulglycotide treatment, suggesting that enhancement of mucosal blood flow may contribute to the therapeutic properties of the drug.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Precancerous gastric lesions and Helicobacter pylori.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Previous publications in the literature have reported an association between incidence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and gastric cancer. The role of HP in precancerous gastric lesions or in their evolution towards neoplastic disease is not so clear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 174 patients with atrophic gastritis. RESULTS: Intestinal metaplasia (IM) was detected in 165 subjects of the patients and different grades of dysplasia were observed in 32 subjects. HP was found in 75 (52.8%) of 165 subjects with IM, in 7 (34.7%) with both IM and dysplasia and in 3 with dysplasia alone. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of HP infection in the three IM types, type I (47.7%), type II (54.7%) and type III (48.4%) (p = n.s.). In contrast, the prevalence of HP positive patients was significantly lower in dysplasia (10/32 vs 22/32; p < 0.005). At the same time, the frequency of HP was significantly lower for subjects with IM and dysplasia than for those with type I IM (41/83 vs 7/32; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: At present, in our experience, HP infection is rather infrequent in type III IM and it is found less often in cases of dysplasia. We have taken these results to suggest that the modified gastric mucosa becomes inhospitable for HP and, consequently, that other factor are probably responsible for promoting gastric carcinogenesis.

Biopsy↗