Alarms and telephones in emergency response--research from the United Kingdom.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
A Tinker
Publications and source records attributed to A Tinker.
Detection of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 in adult rat brain, following mechanical injury, by in vivo microdialysis: evidence of a role for microglia in cytokine production.
In vivo levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6, present in the interstitial spaces of brain, have been repeatedly monitored up to 7 days after insertion of a microdialysis probe, designed to induce mechanical trauma to the brain. IL-1 is barely detectable immediately after implantation but over a 24-48 h period a 15-fold increase is seen. In contrast IL-6 levels at day 0 are high, increasing slightly (10%) by day 1 but decreasing to 40% by day 2. The temporal pattern of IL-6 recovery in the cerebrospinal fluid was similar to that in the dialysate but the levels were significantly lower and may reflect diffusion from the site of the probe lesion. Cellular sources of these cytokines include macrophages and neutrophils, which have infiltrated the lesion and microglia resident in the brain, which can be identified at the lesion site within 24 h of probe implantation. The astrocytic response to injury, evidenced by increased glial fibrillary acidic protein staining occurs much later, by day 7, and is unlikely to be responsible for IL-1 and IL-6 production found at 24-48 h. Since upon isolation and stimulation of microglia in vitro with lipopolysaccharide IL-1 and IL-6 can be measured in the supernatant, it would appear that they have the capacity to produce cytokines in vivo. Localised synthesis of cytokines at sites of brain injury by microglia would further stimulate microglia in an autocrine manner and also propagate the astrocytic reaction.
Animals↗
Safe motherhood -- from advocacy to action.
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Delivery of Health Care↗
Linkages between immunization and breastfeeding promotion programs.
Breastfeeding promotion and immunization are important interventions of child survival programs, especially in developing countries. Linkages between breastfeeding promotion programs and the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in developing countries mean that health care workers can make use of every contact with the mother and child to reinforce the educational messages of both programs. Breastfeeding does not interfere with vaccinations administered in accordance with the routine schedule recommended by the EPI Global Advisory Group for use in developing countries. Breastfeeding benefits the EPI and the EPI also benefits breastfeeding. The maximum reduction of morbidity and mortality will be achieved when all child survival interventions are applied in a balanced, complementary manner as envisaged in the concept of primary health care.
Breast Feeding↗
Sulconazole nitrate 1% cream in the treatment of chronic moccasin-type tinea pedis caused by Trichophyton rubrum.
Sulconazole nitrate 1% cream applied twice daily was compared with its vehicle in the treatment of 229 patients with chronic moccasin-type tinea pedis confirmed by positive results of a potassium hydroxide preparation. At admission in this randomized, double-blind, parallel multicenter trial, 131 patients had positive dermatophyte cultures; Trichophyton rubrum was identified in 121 (92%). After 4 weeks of treatment, patients were examined and, if necessary, were treated for an additional 2 weeks. Sulconazole cream was significantly more effective than the vehicle in the treatment of chronic T. rubrum tinea pedis; 57% of patients were cured by sulconazole, compared with 13% cured with the vehicle. Relapse rates, assessed 2 weeks after the end of treatment, were significantly lower in patients treated with sulconazole than in those receiving vehicle (27% vs 71%). The 103 patients with moccasin-type tinea pedis whose cultures were not positive for T. rubrum achieved similar results.
Adolescent↗
Severe pulmonary hypertension in Ullrich-Noonan syndrome.
A 19 year old woman with Ullrich-Noonan syndrome presented with a six month history of progressive dyspnoea and cyanosis. Clinical features were suggestive of severe pulmonary hypertension. Cross sectional echocardiography showed pronounced right ventricular pressure overload with right ventricular hypertrophy. Cardiac catheterisation confirmed severe pulmonary hypertension. Attempts to reduce pulmonary artery pressure with calcium channel blockers were unsuccessful. The patient died shortly after investigation. Necropsy confirmed primary pulmonary hypertension.
Adult↗
Linkages between immunization and breastfeeding promotion programs.
Breastfeeding promotion and immunization are important interventions of child survival programs, especially in developing countries. Linkages between breastfeeding promotion programs and the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in developing countries mean that health care workers can make use of every contact with the mother and child to reinforce the educational messages of both programs. Breastfeeding does not interfere with vaccinations administered in accordance with the routine schedule recommended by the EPI Global Advisory Group for use in developing countries. Breastfeeding benefits the EPI and the EPI also benefits breastfeeding. The maximum reduction of morbidity and mortality will be achieved when all child survival interventions are applied in a balanced, complementary manner as envisaged in the concept of primary health care.
Breast Feeding↗
Tinker's trade. Interview by Paul Mangan.
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Aged↗
Housing elderly people: some themes of current research.
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Aged↗
Housing the elderly in the community.
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Aged↗