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Biomedical subjects

A Thom

Publications and source records attributed to A Thom.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Ethical principles and moral norms of psychiatric care in a socialistic society].

Ethical postulates, which are intended to serve as orientation points for personal conduct, must be formulated clearly as demands, be related to the system of values on which they are based, and point out clearly the consequences of their being ignored and must therefore be connected with moral bans. The authors have tried to formulate such postulates for the most important ethical problems facing psychiatry in the GDR. These moral guidelines, which naturally infer moral bans, offer fuel for discussion as one step towards the establishment of a comprehensive code of ethics for psychiatrists.

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed1983

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Germany↗
PubMed1982

[Origin of the discipline of neurology at the end of the 19th century--from Wilhelm Erb's letters to Adolf Strümpell].

On the basis of Wilhelm Erb's letters to Adolf Strümpell those conditions were discussed which in 1891 led to the promotion of the "Deutsche Zeitschrift für Nervenheilkunde" (German Journal of Neurology) and by means of this to the formation of a neurological research team dealing above all with internal medicine. Objective conditions of the development of knowledge and different pretensions to competency from pragmatic motivation have brought about in this phase of the development of neurology that it was considered belonging to internal medicine as well as to psychiatry. The two trends of coordination were entitled at this time.

Germany↗
PubMed1982

Role of prostaglandins in mediating excretion by the kidney of an intravenous infusion of sodium chloride in normal human subjects.

1. Normal male subjects were given a rapid infusion of 3 litres of sodium chloride solution (150 mmol/l) with or without pretreatment with indomethacin. 2. There was marked individual variability in the rate at which the infused sodium chloride solution was subsequently excreted which was not related to the urinary sodium excretion in the previous 24 h. 3. There was no relationship between urinary prostaglandin E excretion during the 24 h preceding the sodium chloride infusion and the rate at which different individuals subsequently excreted sodium and water. 4. Renal plasma flow was significantly higher during the sodium chloride infusion than in the post-infusion recovery period, both with and without pretreatment with indomethacin, although it was significantly lower during each period in subjects pretreated with indomethacin. 5. Urinary prostaglandin E excretion was significantly decreased after the infusion of sodium chloride solution. 6. Indomethacin slightly decreased the rate of excretion of sodium and water. 7. Prostaglandins have a role in, but are not the main determinants of, the excretion of an intravenous infusion of sodium chloride. 8. The results do not support the suggestion that prostaglandin E produced within the kidney, as indicated by urinary prostaglandin E excretion, exerts a natriuretic action.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[The historical achievement and the limits of the work of Sigmund Freud (1855-1939)].

In this paper written on the occasion of Sigmund Freud's 125th birthday, an attempt is made to strike a balance of earlier marxist assessments of Freud's work. After a short presentation of the more important biographical and work-historical data, mainly Freud's antropological basic conceptions and their problematic consequences for his personality-theory are dealt with. Freud's historically important achievement is seen in the opening of a psychological access to the understanding of neuroses as well as the discovery of dynamic processes in the psychotherapeutic encounter.

Austria↗
PubMed1981

Effects of salt and water depletion on the early phase of hypertension in Goldblatt two-kidney hypertensive dogs.

1. Hypertension was induced in dogs by partial occlusion of one renal artery, the opposite kidney remaining intact, and the changes in blood pressure, plasma renin activity, aldosterone and prostaglandin E (PGE) were monitored. 2. Two days after induction of hypertension, the retained sodium and water were removed by haemodialysis and the animals were then maintained on a low dietary intake of sodium for the following 7 days. 3. Removal of the accumulated sodium and water had no immediate effect on blood pressure, but during the ensuring 7 days there was a small decrease in blood pressure, which again increased after re-institution of a normal sodium intake. 4. Plasma renin activity and aldosterone increased during development of hypertension and remained elevated during the period of sodium restriction. 5. Sodium and water retained during the development of hypertension was not responsible for the elevated blood pressure. 6. The concentration of PGE in arterial plasma and renal venous plasma from the unclamped kidney were unchanged during the study, although we have previously shown that in the absence of sodium depletion, PGE rises. 7. PGE released from the kidney may be important in mediating the excretion of sodium and water that is retained during the development of renal hypertension.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1981

[Ethical aspects of the therapist-patient relationship in psychotherapy].

Various aspects of the duty conscientiousness and readiness of the physician are discussed. A regards the duty of conscientiousness, the command of all scientifically legitimated therapeutical methods, the critical investigation into personal views and behaviours towards the patients and the necessity to consider the multiformity of the disease processes and, if necessary, to make use of the potentials of the team work with colleagues are particularly dealt with. The problems regarding the duty of readiness are explained as well as the necessity of a similar approach to the duty of preservation and information.

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed1978

[Critical comments on the theory and practice of behavior therapy from the viewpoint of Marxist-Leninist philosophy].

By analyzing previous critical studies of the theoretical and methodological positions of behavioral therapy, which were conducted on Marxist-Leninist principles, the authors discuss the complex relationship of one-sided philosophical assumptions, simplifying elements of psychological theories, and radional moments of successful practical application in certain fields. Both critical delimitation from untenable theoretical interpretations and the inclusion of rational forms of therapy in a complex system of psychotherapy are considered essential.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1978

[Marxist-Leninist philosophical personality theory and the development of the theory and practice of psychiatry].

This is a concise presentation of the essential positions of the Marxist-Leninist philosophical theory of personality. Its consequences to modern psychiatry are discussed. Particular emphasis has been placed on establishing practical relations with mental patients and creating optimum conditions for promoting the distinctive qualities or characteristics of persons within the framework of therapy. Also discussed by the author in his present paper are questions associated with pathogenesis. Integration of clinical and sociopsychological research into the development of psychoses is considered necessary.

Communism↗