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Biomedical subjects

A Thiry

Publications and source records attributed to A Thiry.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia and ulcerative colitis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

A 37-year-old man with acute myeloblastic leukemia in first remission developed ulcerative colitis and bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) 7 months after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from an HLA-matched brother who suffered from severe Crohn's disease. BOOP occurred 20 days after idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, in the context of severe ulcerative colitis. Lung and colon biopsies showed no signs of CMV infection or GVHD. The patient was treated with oral methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg/day and his clinical status and chest X-ray improved slowly. Remarkably, the symptoms of colitis also resolved with prednisone therapy and he is now symptom-free. We hypothesize that ulcerative colitis may have been transmitted from donor to recipient (adoptive autoimmunity) and that it was complicated by BOOP. However, other factors such as CMV may have contributed to the occurrence of BOOP.

Adoptive Transfer↗
PubMed1998

Liver abnormalities in severely obese subjects: effect of drastic weight loss after gastroplasty.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the factors associated with liver steatosis in severely obese subjects and to test the potential reversibility of fatty liver after weight loss. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. SUBJECT: 528 obese patients before bariatric surgery and 69 obese subjects of the initial cohort evaluated before and 27+/-15 months after gastroplasty. MEASUREMENTS: Fatty deposition (scored as mild, moderate or severe) and inflammatory changes were evaluated in liver biopsies; clinical (body mass index (BMI), age, gender, duration of obesity) and biological (glucose, triglycerides, liver enzymes) parameters were related to histological findings. RESULTS: 74% of the 528 biopsies showed fatty change, estimated as mild in 41% of cases, moderate in 32% and severe in 27%. The prevalence of steatosis was significantly higher in men than in women (91% vs 70%, P = 0.001) and in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes compared with nondiabetics (89% vs 69% P = 0.001). The severity of the steatosis was associated with BMI (P = 0.002) but not with the duration of obesity or the age of the patient. When compared with patients without fatty change, those with liver steatosis had significantly higher fasting plasma glucose (5.5 mmol/l vs 5.1 mmol/l, P = 0.007) and triglycerides (1.8 mmol/l vs 1.3 mmol/l, P = 0.002). Mean serum liver enzyme activities (alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (gammaGT) were significantly (P < 0.001) increased in patients with fatty change but remained within laboratory reference values. In the 69 patients who have been evaluated after a marked weight reduction (-32+/-19kg), 45% of the biopsies were considered as normal (vs 13% before, P < 0.001) while pure fatty change was still observed in 38% of the patients (vs 83% before, P = 0.001). However, the severity of the steatosis was significantly (P < 0.001) reduced (mild: 62% vs 21%; moderate: 23% vs 37%; severe: 15% vs 42%). In addition, a significant increase of hepatitis was observed in 26% of the biopsies (vs 14% before, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Liver steatosis in obese subjects is associated with men, diabetic status, BMI, higher fasting glucose and hypertriglyceridaemia. Postgastroplasty weight loss reduces liver steatosis, but seems to increase the incidence of inflammatory lobular hepatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Painful hyperplasia and hypertrophy of pacinian corpuscles in the hand: report of two cases with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies, and a review of the literature.

Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of pacinian corpuscles in the hand are very rare, with only 29 cases previously published. We describe two new cases in middle-aged patients whose chief complaint was progressive digital pain. Immunohistochemical and electronmicroscopic investigations indicated that the lump replicates the structure of enlarged pacinian corpuscles and should not be considered as a real tumor, nor connected to neurofibromatosis. No recurrence was observed after surgical excision. Although local trauma was encountered in 55% of the reported cases, the pathogenesis of such a lesion is still speculative.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Myelodysplastic syndromes: preleukemic syndromes].

The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by peripheral blood cytopenias with a hypercellular bone marrow exhibiting dyspoiesis. The predominant in elderly patients are associated with a high risk of progression to acute myelogenous leukemia. The etiology of MDS is unknown in most cases. About 10% of MDSs are secondary. MDS are classified by the French American British (FAB) classification into five subgroups. The incidence of the disorders is difficult to estimate but it seems to be increasing. Clonal cytogenetic aberrations are found in 30 to 50% of de novo MDS. The only currative treatment for MDS is allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Carotid chemodectomas. Experience with nine cases with reference to preoperative embolization and malignancy.

The medical records of nine patients (five female and four male, mean age 58 +/- 5 years) presenting with a carotid chemodectoma between 1983 and 1995 were reviewed. In two cases (22%) the diagnostic was not suspected at the time of initial presentation. The most common complaint was a swelling in the anterolateral region of the neck. One patient (11%) presented with a preoperative peripheral nerves deficits (vagus and hypoglossal palsies and Horner's syndrome). Two tumours were embolized preoperatively with polyvinyl alcohol particles. Complete surgical excision was possible in each patient and the plane of resection was adventitial. In three cases, early ligation of the external carotid artery facilitated the resection. In two patients, the vagus nerve was sacrificed because of tumour involvement. No operative mortality was observed and no vascular complication occurred. In addition to the patient with preoperative neurologic symptoms, three patients developed peripheral nerve deficits (vagus and hypoglossal nerves) postoperatively. Two of these deficits were transient. These peripheral neurologic complications were observed with the largest tumour sizes. Two cases were malignant (lymph nodes and bony metastases). These two patients received postoperative radiotherapy. The mean follow-up period 63 +/- 19 months. No patient developed local recurrence during the follow-up. Two patients died during the follow-up, one for condition unrelated to their disease and the second from metastatic dissemination. In conclusion, carotid chemodectomas may be safely resected. The best way to minimize the rate of complications is to operate them at an early stage of evolution.

Carotid Arteries↗
PubMed1995

Inhibition of growth of normal and human papillomavirus-transformed keratinocytes in monolayer and organotypic cultures by interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

The growth response of normal and human papillomavirus (HPV)-transformed cervical keratinocytes to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha was investigated in monolayer and organotypic raft cultures. The proliferation rates of monolayer cultures were assessed by [3H]TdR incorporation and fluorimetric DNA titration. The growth of keratinocytes in organotypic cultures was estimated by their ability to stratify on collagen rafts and by immunohistochemistry for Ki67 antigen expression. IFN-gamma reduced the DNA synthesis of normal and HPV-transformed keratinocytes in monolayer cultures and exerted a marked growth inhibitory effect in organotypic raft cultures. In control raft cultures, normal keratinocytes produced an epithelial sheet of approximately 10 cells in thickness that closely resembled normal cervical epithelium and was characterized by sparse Ki67 antigen-positive cells whereas HPV-transformed keratinocytes produced up to 15 poorly differentiated epithelial layers that were reminiscent of high grade cervical lesions seen in vivo and exhibited a full thickness Ki67 antigen expression. When normal and HPV-transformed keratinocytes were maintained in the presence of IFN-gamma, the epithelial sheet was reduced to a few cells in thickness and the density of Ki67 antigen-positive cells was decreased. A more pronounced growth inhibitory effect in monolayer and organotypic cultures was observed when IFN-gamma was associated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha Tumor necrosis factor-alpha alone reduced the DNA synthesis of normal keratinocytes but was significantly less effective than IFN-gamma to inhibit the growth of HPV-transformed keratinocytes. These results suggest that similar responses in vivo to regulatory molecules may play a role in the development of HPV-related lesions.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1993

Detection of cytomegalovirus, Pneumocystis carinii, and aspergillus species in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. A comparison of techniques.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Pneumocystis carinii, and Aspergillus species are common causes of fatal pulmonary infections in immunocompromised hosts. Therefore, rapid and reliable methods of establishing the diagnosis of these types of pneumonia are essential. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) has proved to be a rapid and safe procedure for procuring large numbers of bronchial and alveolar cells from the lung. To assess various methods of detecting CMV, P. carinii, and aspergillosis in lavage specimens, 47 BAL samples from adults at high risk for these infections were evaluated. The visualization of these agents was performed by cytologic examination and in situ hybridization for CMV; cytologic examination, Gomori's methenamine silver (GMS) stain, and immunofluorescence for P. carinii; and cytologic examination, GMS stain, and immunocytologic studies for Aspergillus species. Cytomegalovirus was detected in 2 of 47 specimens (4%) by cytologic examination and 7 of 47 (15%) by in situ hybridization. Cells with nuclear and/or cytoplasmic inclusions invariably were labeled with the CMV DNA probe. The weak diagnostic value of the cytologic examination resulted from the absence of characteristic inclusions in many specimens with positive results by in situ hybridization. P. carinii was the most frequent pathogen isolated from BAL fluid (9 of 47 cases; 19%). It was found in 1 of 47 specimens (2%) by the cytologic examination of Papanicolaou-stained smears, 4 of 47 (8.5%) by the GMS stain, and 8 of 47 (17%) by immunofluorescence. Most P. carinii-positive cases (five of nine cases) were detected by immunofluorescence only. Aspergillus species was diagnosed in 2 of 47 specimens (4%) by cytologic examination and GMS staining. Immunocytologic studies had positive results in these specimens and detected one additional case of Aspergillus infection (3 of 47 cases; 6%). These data show that techniques using CMV DNA probes and anti-P. carinii or anti-Aspergillus antibodies are rapid and more sensitive than conventional diagnostic procedures.

Aspergillus↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of bone marrow sections, smears and immunohistological staining for immunoglobulin light chains in the diagnosis of benign and malignant plasma cell proliferations.

Bone marrow specimens from 118 patients with clinical suspicion of multiple myeloma were studied to assess the diagnostic reliability of histological and cytological criteria. Plasma cell clonality was assessed by demonstrating light chain restriction. In most cases of multiple myeloma, the classical cytological and histological criteria were found. In eight cases in which the marrow contained less than 10% of plasma cells, there was discordance between the light microscopic and immunohistochemical findings. In six cases without evidence of multiple myeloma and with polyclonal plasma cells in bone marrow, abnormal plasma cells resembling a malignant proliferation were found. These findings indicate that comparison of histological and cytological results with immunohistological studies for immunoglobulin light chains in bone marrow biopsy sections can be helpful in the evaluation of patients with a suspicion of multiple myeloma and when the marrow contains less than 10% of plasma cells.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1993

Mixed phenotype murine leukemias.

Cell lines were derived from eight individual leukemias induced by X-rays in NFS mice. First typed as null cells (surface immunoglobulin negative, Thy-1 negative), they turned out to have a mixed phenotype with myeloid cytochemical markers, pre-B surface antigens and molecular markers of pro-B lymphocytes. They represent murine models for mixed phenotype (pro-pre-B-myeloid) leukemias.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Cellular events in radiation-induced lymphomagenesis.

Fractionated whole-body irradiation induces thymic lymphomas in most of treated C57Bl/Ka mice. The cellular events occurring during the latency period consist of the emergence of preleukaemic cells and of marked alterations to the T-cell lineage and the microenvironment within the thymus. The proportions of the various thymocyte subsets are modified, suggesting a blockage in the normal differentiation process. Thymic epithelial cells are functionally modified, leading to decreased interactions with immature thymocytes. Interestingly, bone marrow grafting early after irradiation, which inhibits the development of lymphomas, induces the disappearance of preleukaemic cells from the thymus, whereas thymocyte subpopulations and thymic epithelium are restored. Interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha also prevent the onset of lymphomas. Studies on the effect of bone marrow transplantation and cytokine inoculation in split-dose irradiated mice should allow characterization of the factors that modulate the progression of preleukaemic cells towards the neoplastic state.

Animals↗