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Biomedical subjects

A Theologides

Publications and source records attributed to A Theologides.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Distinctive chromosomal abnormalities in histologic subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Using a new high-resolution technique for chromosomal analysis, we have successfully studied biopsy specimens of lymph nodes from 42 of 44 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and have categorized them using the new international histologic formulation and immunologic markers. Abnormalities of the clonal chromosomes were detected in all 42 patients. Three recurrent chromosomal aberrations were found to correlate with certain histologic types: a translocation between chromosomes 18 and 14 in 16 of 19 patients with follicular lymphomas (small cleaved cell, mixed cell, and large cell); a translocation between chromosomes 8 and 14 in 5 of 6 patients with small noncleaved-cell (non-Burkitt's) or large-cell immunoblastic lymphoma; and a trisomy 12 in 4 of 11 patients with small-cell lymphocytic lymphoma. Our findings suggest that characteristic chromosomal defects occur in certain lymphoma subtypes and that high-resolution chromosomal analysis promises to become an important tool in improving our basic understanding of lymphoid cancers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Asthenia in cancer.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1982

Urinary excretion of monoacetyl polyamines in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

The pretreatment concentrations of polyamines were determined in the 24-hr urine of 14 patients with widespread non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In ten of 14 patients, the ratio of N1-acetylspermidine to N8-acetylspermidine was significantly higher than the mean for normal subjects. These results confirm our previous observations that the urinary excretion of N1-acetylspermidine is increased in some patients with lymphoma and suggest that the determination of urinary acetyl polyamines may be useful in conjunction with other procedures in the diagnosis of lymphoma. The ratio of N1-acetylspermidine to N8-acetylspermidine in the postchemotherapy 24-hr urine was 25 in one patient who had diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. This is the highest ratio ever reported. The patient responded well to chemotherapy, and rapid lysis of lymphoma lesion was observed. The potential utility of the rapid increase in the ratio of N1-acetylspermidine to N8-acetylspermidine as a criterion of tumor lysis is of interest and is currently under further investigation.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1981

Remote tumor effects on lactic dehydrogenase of mouse muscle fibers with different glycolytic--oxidative metabolic potentials.

The total lactic dehydrogenase (LD) activity and the isoenzyme pattern were studied in muscles of mice during the progressive growth of a distally transplanted methylcholanthrene-induced tumor. The thigh muscles as a group (a mixture of fibers with different oxidative-glycolytic metabolic potentials), the gastrocnemius muscle (primarily glycolytic), the soleus muscle (predominantly oxidative), the heart (purely oxidative), and the diaphragm (primarily oxidative) were evaluated. The total LD activity increased in muscles with a high glycolytic metabolic potential. In such muscles a significant increase of the muscle type and a significant decrease of the heart type of LD were observed. After 3 weeks of tumor growth the tumor was resected, and the LD activity and isoenzyme distribution returned toward normal values 2 weeks later.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Daunorubicin-prednisone in the treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.

In 1967 we first started to use daunorubicin and prednisone in the treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. In this review we describe our results with this regimen in 72 adults who were treated at the University of Minnesota between 1967 and 1977. Fifty-five patients were previously untreated and 17 had received prior cytotoxic chemotherapy. Complete remissions were obtained in 21 (29%) of the 72 patients. The patients achieving complete remission were significantly younger and had lower pretreatment leukocyte and absolute myeloblast counts than the nonresponders. Patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia had a higher response rate (67%) and longer duration of complete remission compared to patients with the morphologic subtypes. Their median duration of complete remission was 29 months compared to 6 months for the other patients. The 21 patients who achieved complete remission survived longer (20 months) than those who failed to enter remission (2 months). Our experience suggests that daunorubicin is an effective drug in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia, but should be combined with additional agents in the treatment of other types of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Food preferences of patients with cancer.

Cancer patients who experience food aversions generally rated foods less pleasant than healthy controls or cancer patients with no food aversions. Most high protein foods, cereal products, and sweet foods were generally less palatable to patients with food aversions. Most fruits, vegetables, and cultured dairy products were equally palatable to all three subject groups. Although the cause of these food aversions is not understood, they do not appear to be a generalized response to all foods.

Diet Surveys↗
PubMed1980

Influence of food odors on food aversions and preferences in patients with cancer.

One hundred thirty-three patients with cancer and 50 healthy controls judged the pleasantness of 10 common food odors and completed questionnaires on food likes or dislikes, recent smell or taste changes, development of food aversions, weight loss, decreased appetite, and early satiety. Chocolate, pork, roast beef, and chicken odors were significantly less pleasant for patients with food aversions (PA) than for controls. Ham, pork, and roast beef odors were significantly less pleasant for PA than for patients without food aversions (PNA). More PA than controls or PNA reported recent smell and taste changes for most of the 10 foods in the sample set. Roast beef was the only food on the questionnaire rated significantly less pleasant by PA than controls or PNA. There were no significant correlations between the odor hedonic scores and the questionnaire's hedonic scores for any of the 10 foods. More PA than PNA had weight loss, decreased appetite, and early satiety. Patients on chemotherapy did not have a significantly greater incidence of aversions, weight loss, decreased appetite, or early satiety than patients not receiving chemotherapy. The type of cancer appeared to have no relation to the development of food aversions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Comparative effects of vindesine, vinblastine, and vincristine on mitotic arrest and hormonal response of L1210 leukemia cells.

The Vinca alkaloids vinblastine, vincristine, and vindesine were compared for their capacity to arrest L1210 cells in mitosis and for their effect on the response of L1210 cells to beta-adrenergic and prostaglandin E1 hormones. Both microscopic and flow cytofluorimetric studies showed that, of the three drugs, vindesine was the most potent for inhibiting growth and arresting L1210 cells in mitosis. In the hormone response studies, vindesine was also found to be the most potent of the three drugs. Cells pretreated for 30 min with 10(-6) M concentrations of the drugs increased the initial hormone response after 5 min of L1210 cells to either hormone by 100%. After a 1-hr exposure to either isoproterenol or prostaglandin E1, however, the vindesine-treated cells had cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate levels several times higher than did controls. Vinblastine- and vincristine-treated cells were not different from the controls after 1 hr of hormone exposure. Dose-response studies show that the vindesine effect on enhanced cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate accumulation increases substantially with drug concentrations from 10(-8) to 10(-5) M. These and other studies indicate that the effect of the Vinca alkaloids on cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate metabolism occurs at the transduction mechanism which couples the hormone receptor to the catalytic component of the adenylate cyclase complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Cancer cachexia.

Cancer cachexia is characterized clinically by anorexia, early satiety, weight loss. anemia, and marked asthenia. The syndrome is not the result of semistarvation alone but it represents a complex metabolic problem. In the host there are abnormalities in metabolism of energy, carbohydrate, lipid and protein, in water content, in acid-base balance, in electrolyte, mineral and vitamin concentrations, alterations in the activity of host tissue enzymes and changes in endocrine homeostasis and immunologic mechanisms. The cancer initiates and contributes to the genesis of the syndrome but complications of the disease and the treatment may also play a role. Only the control of the cancer can reverse completely the syndrome. It was proposed that cancer peptides throw the host metabolism into a chaotic biochemical state by activating and inactivating host enzymes. This results in increased energy expenditure; the released host metabolites and trapped by the growing cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Combination versus successive single agent chemotherapy in lymphocytic lymphoma.

Fifty-three patients with advanced lymphocytic lymphoma were randomly assigned to treatment with the combination cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (CVP) or the same agents used successively in maximal doses (C-V-P). Complete remissions occurred in 68% with CVP and 48% with C-V-P. For patients with nodular lymphoma, the complete remission rate was 81% with CVP and 46% with C-V-P. In patients with diffuse lymphoma a complete remission rate of 50% was obtained with both regimens. The median duration of response was longer for patients who obtained complete remission with CVP (37+ months) than for those entering remission with C-V-P (25+ months). More patients treated with CVP still survive. Current results suggest that CVP is a better induction regime than C-V-P in patients with nodular lymphoma. However, in patients with diffuse lympoocytic lymphoma, neither regimen results in more than 50% complete remissions or significant numbers of prolonged responses. More effective therapy is needed.

Adult↗