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Biomedical subjects

A Taytard

Publications and source records attributed to A Taytard.

100 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Effect of a new synthetic anticholinergic (oxytropium bromide) on acetylcholine-induced bronchospasm].

Oxytropium bromide, a new synthetic anticholinergic agent, delivered by a dose inhaler, was compared to a placebo in a cross-over double-blind trial. The drop in FEV1 after administration of increasing doses of acetylcholine aerosol spray was measured 45 min after administration of the test drug, and the dose-response curve was determined. The placebo modified neither acetylcholine threshold dose (bronchial sensitivity) nor the slope of the curve (bronchial reactivity). Oxytropium bromide elevated the response threshold and decreased bronchial reactivity to vagal stimuli.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1983

[Endocavitary drainage (Monaldi's technic) in the treatment of pulmonary abscess].

The technique of intracavitary aspiration introduced by Monaldi in 1938 in the treatment of tuberculous cavities and then applied by him in the treatment of lung abscesses was forgotten for nearly 30 years. The advent of antibiotics and their success explain its abandonment. It may take an important place again in the treatment of difficult cases, as a last resort, after failure of properly conducted classical medical treatment. A study of 20 hospitalised patients in an intensive care unit presenting with severe pulmonary abscesses demonstrates this point. After recalling the causes, the therapeutic difficulties and the complications of these abscesses, the authors describe the medications, the method of endocavitary drainage and the technical problems posed by its use in patients often artificially ventilated. The absence of any major dangers inherent in using this technique is also discussed. Finally the short (one month) and long term (20 months) results were analysed. Three deaths occurred during the initial period, although largely explained by associated lesions in these patients. The other 17 patients, of whom 11 were followed up for more than six months, had a satisfactory outcome from the respiratory stand-point. The disappearance of all signs of infection was constantly obtained and in only four patients the bullous cavities persisted. The authors conclude by attesting the efficacy of the technique and its low risk often in the most critically ill patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Legionnaire disease and creatinine phosphokinase (author's transl)].

The authors report a case of Legionnaire disease where myolysis was suspected because of increased activities of creatine phosphokinase and it's isoenzymes MBCPK. Significance of MBCPK increase is discussed. Enzyme activity levels are of prognostic significance and should be monitored during the course of the disease.

Creatine Kinase↗
PubMed1980

[Results of a sequential polychemotherapy (adriamycin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate) in small-cell and undifferentiated bronchial cancer].

40 patients suffering from inoperable bronchial cancer (25 anaplastic cancers, 15 undifferentiated cancers) were treated by a sequential association (Adriamycinee, Vincristine, Cyclophosphamide, Méthotrexate), repeated every 5 weeks. 28 patients already had metastatic cancer. A partial objective response (regression greater than 50%) was observed in 7 undifferentiated cancers and 14 anaplastic cancers. The treatment was interrupted 3 times for digestive and/or hematological toxicity; however, no deaths due to toxicity were reported. The mean survival is 8 months and 5 patients live for more than 18 months. The immediate effectiveness and mean survival place this protocol among polychemotherapies presently considered for this type of cancer. The number of evolutive recoveries observed during the maintenance stage settles the problem of the use of an efficient, slightly toxic and durable chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Delayed-action theophylline versus placebo on the ventilatory function of stable asthmatic patients. Study in relation to circadian rhythm].

The aim of this study was to measure the results of a long-acting theophylline (Planphylline) on the flow rates of stable asthmatic patients while taking into account the spontaneous circadian variations of the ventilatory function. 27 patients were involved in this randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial; they received 10 mg/kg/day in two doses at 8.30 a.m. and 8.30 p.m or the placebo. The product was administered over two 4-day periods separated by a 3-day wash-out period. The theophylline concentration and bronchial flows (FEV1; MMEFR 25-75) were measured at 8 a.m., 10.30 a.m., noon, and 3 p.m. on days 1 and 4 of each period; 11 patients measured their hourly PEFR from 8 a.m to 10 p.m those same days. The results can be analysed for 19 patients, including the 11 who measured their PEFR. The first day of treatment (D1), the theophylline concentration rose regularly without going above 10 micrograms/ml. On the fourth day of treatment (D4), the mean maximum concentration was above 10 micrograms/ml and the 8 a.m rate was superior to 8 micrograms/ml for 14 patients out of 19. The bronchodilating effect of Planphylline is significant for all bronchial flow rates (FEV1 less than 0.01; MMEFR 25-75 less than 0.05; PEFR less than 0.01, n = 11). On D1, the FEV1 becomes normal. On D4, the MMEFR 25-75 is still only partially improved, in spite of the theophylline concentration obtained. Because of the spontaneous diurnal improvement of bronchial rates, only the 8 a.m, 10.30 a.m. and 3 p.m. FEV1 obtained with Planphylline are statistically different from those obtained with placebo.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗