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Biomedical subjects

A Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to A Taylor.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

99mTechnetium penicillamine scans: an index of differential renal function.

The relative renal accumulation of 99mtechnetium penicillamine was evaluated as an index of differential renal function. Regions of interest were assigned over each kidney with a computer and the renal uptake of 99mtechnetium penicillamine was determined. A simple background correction was made by subtracting the renal activity at 10 minutes from that at 25 minutes. The percentage of 99mtechnetium penicillamine accumulation in the left kidney was correlated with the percentage of the total effective renal plasma flow to the left kidney. Effective renal plasma flow was determined after the intravenous injection of 131 I hippuran using a highly sophisticated computerized technique that has been validated in patients by comparison with traditional split renal function studies. The correlation coefficient between the 2 measurements was 0.97. In addition to its use as an index of differential effective renal plasma flow 99mtechnetium penicillamine is an excellent cortical imaging agent and the relative distribution of 99mtechnetium penicillamine between the 2 kidneys and within a single kidney can be assessed qualitatively by visual inspection of the scan.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of two maintenance schedules of chrysotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis: preliminary report.

Comparison of maintenance injections of sodium aurothiomalate given at two-week or four-week intervals revealed no significant clinical or radiological differences over a six-month period. Higher serum gold levels were achieved with the more frequent injections and these were associated with a more pronounced fall of ESR during maintenance therapy. Whether this has any special implications for the subsequent progress of patients treated by the two regimes remains to be determined.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The projection of jaw elevator muscle spindle afferents to fifth nerve motoneurones in the cat.

1. By spike-triggered averaging of intracellular synaptic noise it has been shown in pentobarbitone anaesthetized cats that jaw elevator muscle spindle afferents with their cell bodies in the mid-brain have a relatively weak monosynaptic projection to masseter and temporalis motoneurones. 2. Extending the spike-triggered averaging method to recording extracellular excitatory field potentials it has been shown that virtually all the spindles do project monosynaptically to the motoneurone pool. It is concluded that the general weakness of the projection is due to its restriction to a small proportion of the motoneurones, possibly those concerned most with tonic postural functions. 3. The shape of individual intracellular e.p.s.p.s together with the spatial distribution of extracellular excitatory potential fields provide some evidence for a dentrically weighted distribution of the synapses. 4. Evidence is presented that both primary- and secondary-type spindle afferents project monosynaptically, the secondary effects being some 71% of the strength of the primary ones.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1978

Circulating antibody to myelin basic protein in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis? A comparative group and sequential study by radioimmunoassay.

Sera from multiple sclerosis patients with relapsing-remitting disease and normal subjects were tested for antibody to myelin basic protein by a sensitive radioimmunoassay. The results showed a marginally decreased titre in multiple sclerosis superimposed on a seasonal variation. There was no correlation with the clinical state of the patients. Results are discussed briefly in relation to humoral antibody function in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Decreased 99mTc sulfur colloid activity in healed rib fractures.

This report describes 2 patients in whom focal areas of decreased 99mTc sulfur colloid marrow activity were associated with callus formation and healing rib fractures in one case and rib fractures with bony bridging in the second. Since bone marrow scans are occasionally used to select appropriate sites for marrow biopsy in patients with suspected metastatic disease, radiographic correlation of "cold" lesions on marrow scans is recommended prior to biopsy to exclude fracture with callus formation as a benign cause of the abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Right ventricular ejection fraction in patients with acute anterior and inferior myocardial infarction assessed by radionuclide angiography.

We measured right and left ventricular ejection fracttion (EF) from high frequency time-activity curves obtained during the initial passage of an intravenous bolus of 99mTc (Sn) pyrophosphate. In 22 normal controls right ventricular EF averaged 0.52 +/- 0.04 (SD). In 24 acute anterior or lateral infarction patients right ventricular EF was normal (0.56 +/- 0.10), while left ventricular EF was reduced (0.45 +/- 0.10, P less than 0.001 vs controls). In 19 acute inferior infarction patients left ventricular EF also was depressed (0.51 +/- 0.09, P less than 0.001 vs controls). Among 7 of 19 inferior infarction patients with right ventricular by scintigraphy, right ventricular EF was reduced (0.39 +/- 0.05; P less than 0.001 vs normals; P less than 0.01 vs inferior infarction patients without right ventricular involvement). In the latter group right ventricular EF averaged 0.51 +/- 0.10 (NS vs normals). We conclude 1) a single injection of 99mTc (Sn) pyrophosphate can identify right and left ventricular dysfunction and infarct location in acute myocardial infarction, 2) right ventricular EF is well-preserved except when inferior infarction involves the right ventricle.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Rheumatoid arthritis and its variants: analysis of scintiphotographic, radiographic, and clinical examinations.

99mTc pyrophosphate radionuclide scans of the axial and appendicular skeletons in 23 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 15 patients with systemic arthritic conditions were compared to clinical and radiographic examinations. The nuclear scan was the most sensitive indicator of active disease and correlated extremely well with the other methods. A pattern of abnormal radionuclide activity in rheumatoid arthritis consisting of a symmetric peripheral joint process can be distinguished from that of the rheumatoid variants which tend to have more central skeletal involvement and asymmetric peripheral articular involvement. The nuclear scan is less specific than the radiograph in its ability to distinguish among the clinical entities. However, documentation of scintigraphic activity often antedated radiographic or clinical abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Cobalt:a review.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Alloys↗
PubMed1978

The production of toxic metabolites by Chaetomium spp. isolated from solis of permanent pasture.

One hundred and two isolates of Chaetomium spp. have been identified from 2563 soil samples collected from permanent pasture at Nappan, Nova Scotia. Chaetomium umbonatum was the Chaetomium species most commonly isolated. Fifty-six of the Chaetomium isolates were grown in the laboratory and the cultures examined for the production of toxic metabolites. The culture filtrates of 12, and extracts of mycelium of 18, of these isolates inhibited bacterial growth. Chetomin was detected in nine mycelium extracts and isolated from four of the mycelium extracts. Chaetoglobosins were isolated from three mycelium extracts.

Ascomycota↗
PubMed1978

Imaging the bowel with technetium--an aid in gallium studies.

Three cases are present to demonstrate the usefulness of oral or rectal technetium-99m preparations in locating the stomach and bowel in relation to abnormal accumulation of gallium-67 within the abdomen. In this way, the concentration of gallium in an abscess or a tumor may be distinguished from its physiologic excretion into the bowel.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1978

Relative renal accumulation of Tc-99m penicillamine as an index of differential renal function: concise communication.

The relative renal accumulation of technetium-99m penicillamine (TPEN) was evaluated as an index of differential renal function. Using a scintillation camera interfaced to a computer, renal uptake of TPEN was determined for each kidney by subtracting the renal activity at 10 min from that at 25 min. This percentage of TPEN activity in the left kidney was compared with the percentage of total creatinine clearance contributed by the left kidney in six patients with ureteral obstruction and nephrostomy drainage. The two measurements agreed extremely well, with a correlation coefficient of 0.98. The relative renal uptake of TPEN and similar cortex imaging agents such as Tc-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid can probably be used to assess differential renal function.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Monitoring of I-125 contamination using a portable scintillation camera.

A technique has been developed using a portable scintillation camera to monitor I-125 contamination of personnel. The procedure takes less than a minute to complete and can detect 3 nanocuries; its use minimizes dissemination of I-125 throughout the hospital, emphasizes safe iodination practices and proper handling of radioactive materials, and reduces radiation exposure by undetected contamination.

California↗
PubMed1978

A rapid method for the labeling of albumin microspheres with In-113 and In-111: concise communication.

A rapid and simple method for preparing microspheres labeled with In-113m or In-111 is described. The procedure requires 10 min and gives labeling yields approaching 100%. Biodistribution studies in rats, mice, and dogs show the product to be biologically stable, with approximately 90% of the injected dose localized in the lung at 1 hr postinjection. The convenient production of In-113m or In-111 albumin microspheres provides an alternate radiopharmaceutical to complement or substitute for Tc-99m microspheres in lung perfusion imaging and other circulation studies.

Animals↗