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Biomedical subjects

A Tapia

Publications and source records attributed to A Tapia.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Inhibitory activity of xanthine-oxidase and superoxide scavenger properties of Inga verna subsp. affinis. Its morphological and micrographic characteristics.

Hexane, dichloromethane and ethanolic extracts of Inga verna subsp. affinis were evaluated as inhibitors of xanthine-oxidase and as scavengers of the superoxide produced by the action of the enzyme. Ethanolic but not hexane and dichloromethane extracts showed inhibitory properties of xanthine-oxidase (IC50=27.3 microg/ml) with an additional superoxide scavenging capacity (IC50=12.7 microg/ml). The antioxidant potential was confirmed with the free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, which showed that the ethanolic extract scavenges 50% DPPH free radicals at 11.6 microg/ml. HPLC study of the phenol content of the active extract, revealed the presence of ellagic and gallic acids as its main constituents. The main morphological and micrographic characteristics of Inga verna subsp. affinis are described in this paper too, in order to aid in its inequivocal identification since Inga spp. are noted for their morphological variation, which makes taxonomic classification very difficult.

Argentina↗
PubMed2001

Antimicrobial activity of plants used in traditional medicine of San Juan province, Argentine.

Eighteen extracts from Acaena magellanica, Baccharis grisebachii, Ephedra breana, Oxalis erythrorhiza, Pachylaena atriplicifolia and Satureja parvifolia were assessed for antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi with the agar dilution method. The hexane (H) and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts of B. grisebachii and O. erythrorhiza showed the broadest spectrum of action against fungi, inhibiting all of the tested dermatophytes with MICs ranging from < or =25 to < or =1000 microg/ml. Trichophyton rubrum was the most susceptible species and Cryptococcus neoformans was inhibited only by the DCM extract of B. grisebachii with MIC of 600 microg/ml. Regarding the antibacterial activity, H and DCM extracts of B. grisebachii as well as the DCM of O. erythrorhiza, were active on methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus with MIC from < or =125 to < or =500 microg/ml. The DCM extract of B. grisebacchii was more active against methicillin-resistant than methicillin-sensitive strains.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2000

Biologically active alkaloids and a free radical scavenger from Prosopis species.

The biological activity of extracts from the aerial parts of five Argentinian Prosopis species and the exudate of P. flexuosa were assessed for DNA binding, beta-glucosidase inhibition and free radical scavenging effect using the DPPH decoloration assay. DNA binding effect was found mainly in the basic fraction. The alkaloids tryptamine as well as piperidine and phenethylamine derivatives were isolated from the basic extracts. At 0.50 mg/ml, DNA binding activities ranged from 28% for tryptamine to 0-27% for the phenethylamine and 47-54% for the piperidine derivatives. Tryptamine and 2-beta-methyl-3-beta-hydroxy-6-beta-piperidinedodecanol showed a moderate inhibition (27-32%) of the enzyme beta-glucosidase at 100 microg/ml. The exudate of P. flexuosa displayed a strong free radical scavenger effect in the DPPH decoloration assay. The main active constituent was identified as catechin.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1999

A review of 685 rhytidectomies: a new method of analysis based on digitally processed photographs with computer-processed data.

It is the aim of this work to present a simple method to assess the surgery used for facial aging (face-neck lift), based on a digital computerized analysis of images, and to include an evaluation of the results obtained from its use on 685 cases of face lift, which our team resolved from January of 1990 to December of 1997. To this end, we reviewed 4110 preoperative and postoperative slides of these patients and processed them using a computer, obtaining the results presented herein. It is worthy of note that in this new method of analysis that we have used, data, measurements, or aspects of facial aging have revealed the most homogeneity and reliability when comparing the results obtained with the reality observed by both the surgeon and the patient. Likewise, we rejected other analyzed data, as they gave different or unreal results when compared with the reality.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Intracellular regulation of intestinal folate uptake: studies with cultured IEC-6 epithelial cells.

Although the mechanism of folate uptake in the small intestine has been well characterized, very little is known about the intracellular regulation of the uptake process. Using mature confluent monolayers of the intestinal epithelial cell line IEC-6 as an in vitro intestinal epithelial cell model, we have found the uptake of folic acid to be similar to that of the native small intestine in that it is 1 ) temperature, energy, and pH dependent, 2) Na+ independent, 3) inhibited by structural analogs and anion transport inhibitors, and 4) saturable as a function of substrate concentration [apparent Michaelis constant (Km) = 0.45 +/- 0.06 microM; maximal velocity (Vmax) = 3.08 +/- 0.14 pmol x mg protein(-1) x 5 min(-1)]. Furthermore, IEC-6 cells were found by Northern blot analysis to lack the expression of the membrane folate-binding protein. Pretreatment of IEC-6 monolayers with specific protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors genistein and tyrphostin A25 caused a significant inhibition in folic acid uptake. On the other hand, their negative controls, genistin and tyrphostin A1, respectively, had no effect. The inhibitory effect of genistein was mediated through inhibition in the Vmax of the folate uptake process with no change in the apparent Km. Pretreatment of IEC-6 monolayers with compounds that increase intracellular adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) level (e.g., dibutyryl cAMP) also resulted in a significant (though modest) inhibition in folic acid uptake; however, specific inhibitors of protein kinase A did not affect the uptake process. Specific modulators of protein kinase C and Ca2+/calmodulin-mediated pathways did not significantly affect folic acid uptake. These results demonstrate the suitability of IEC-6 monolayers as an intestinal epithelial model to study folate transport and demonstrate for the first time that uptake of folic acid is regulated by a PTK- and a cAMP-mediated pathway.

4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid↗
PubMed1995

[Perineal endometriosis. Clinical experience with 8 patients].

We report our experience with 8 women with perineal endometriosis managed in a period of 20 years. All were multiparae women presenting with cyclical perineal painful masses related to menstrual periods. Symptomatology started 6 months to 16 years after last delivery. Three patients had partial involvement of the anal sphincter. The endometriosis area was locally resected in all women. There were no complications and no problems with anal continence. Two patients had local recurrences. The different lapses between delivery and symptomatic presentation can be related to the amount of endometrial basal cells implants in the episiotomy. The treatment is always surgical. All endometrial implants must be resected and sphincteric structures must be repaired posteriorly.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Pyogenic liver abscess. Experience with 50 cases].

During the last years the diagnosis and treatment of pyogenic liver abscess has changed substantially. The aim of this work is to report a retrospective analysis of 50 patients aged 24 to 87 years old, that presented with a pyogenic liver abscess and were treated in the last 13 years. The sensitivity for diagnosis of ultrasound examination, CAT scan and angiography was 68, 89 and 75% respectively. The origin of the abscess was detected at the biliary tree in 46% and remained unknown in 38%. Thirty one patients were operated, 13 were subjected to percutaneous drainage and 5 were treated only with antimicrobials. Forty percent of patients had a septic complication and 4 (8%) died. Mean hospital stay was 31 days for operated patients and 21 for the rest. The abscess recurred in seven patients and two of these had a gallbladder carcinoma. It is concluded that percutaneous drainage is an alternative to surgical treatment that must be accompanied by a careful diagnostic workup.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Choledochocele. Report of a case and review of the literature].

We report a 29 years old man with a choledochocele or type III choledochal cyst, an extremely rare condition. This was found during a cholecystectomy using a transcystic intra operative cholangiogram. A transduodenal sphincteroplasty was performed. The cyst diameter was 1.5 cm approximately and two 1-2 mm stones were extracted from its lumen. The chemical composition of these was different from those located in the gallbladder. The postoperative period was uneventful and the patient remains asymptomatic.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Gastrointestinal bleeding of unknown origin. Experience in 31 cases].

Thirty one patients with GI bleeding of obscure origin, defined as those with normal upper endoscopy and colonoscopy, were studied to know the yield of different diagnostic procedures. Seventeen patients consulted for hematochezia and bleeding less than 10 days of evolution in 71%. Small bowel X ray examination was performed in 14 cases with a diagnostic effectiveness (number of diagnosis/number or examination) of 14%, angiography was performed in 12 cases with an effectiveness 33%, radiolabeled erythrocyte scanning in 12 cases with an effectiveness of 75%, scintigraphy with pertechnetate in 6 cases with an effectiveness of 17% and intraoperatory endoscopy in 2 cases with an effectiveness of 50%. A definitive diagnosis was reached in 8 patients during the first admission and in 6 during the second admission. The principal etiologies were small bowel tumors in 3 cases, cecal ulcers in 2 and ileal diverticula in 2. Ten subjects were subjected to surgical and 2 to endoscopic treatment. Five patients with recurrent bleeding remain without diagnosis. It is concluded that radiolabeled erythrocyte scanning and angiography are effective examinations that should follow upper and lower endoscopies in the diagnosis of a concealed GI bleeding. When a diagnosis is not reached in the first admission, patients should be following with repeated diagnostic procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

A new approach to the treatment of facial aging: the three flap SMAS.

In treating facial aging there are three areas that need to be corrected from a deep to a superficial plane. Thus, different techniques need to be used. In this article we describe our experience in correcting these three areas and a possible solution: the three flaps of the SMAS.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Immunological evaluation of patients with invasive carcinoma of the gallbladder.

Forty-three patients with invasive adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder were postoperatively studied in order to determine their general immunological status as well as the local immunohistological reaction to the tumor. At the end of the follow-up, they formed two groups: 19 living patients (group GL) and 24 dead patients (group GD). As a control group (GC), 21 patients with cholecystectomy or cholelithiasis and without carcinoma were simultaneously evaluated. In GL, most of the tumors were limited to the gallbladder wall, and in GD, most of the tumors were already disseminated at the time of diagnosis. GD presented a lower percentage of peripheral blood B lymphocytes, as compared to GL and GC cases. Skin tests of delayed hypersensitivity were significantly more reactive in GL cases than in GD cases, and less reactive in GD than in GC cases. The immunohistological evaluation of the gallbladder yielded a lower B lymphocyte infiltration in GD tumors than in the control cases. GL cases showed a higher intratumoral lymphocytic and mononuclear cell infiltration than GD cases. Although the clinical stage was higher in GD than in GL cases, there were also significant differences in the local immune response and the general immunological status. Patients with invasive gallbladder adenocarcinoma showing longer postoperative survival revealed normal or increased local and general immunological reactions, whereas patients with disseminated tumors showed an important humoral and cellular secondary immunodeficiency.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Vascular compression syndrome of the duodenum. Report of 2 cases].

Two young female patients with the syndrome of vascular compression of the duodenum are reported. Both patients presented with a history of vomiting and weight loss. Barium examination of the gastrointestinal tract showed in both cases, marked stomach distention and obstruction of the third portion of the duodenum. In one patient, abdominal CT scan discarded other causes of extrinsic compression. Both patients were operated. The simpler and safer surgical procedure is the section of the Treitz ligament and duodenal liberation, which can be used in the majority of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Endoscopic treatment of gastroduodenal digestive hemorrhage].

Endoscopy is extremely useful for the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. At the present time, therapeutic measures are been used during the endoscopy to stop bleeding. This paper reports the experience of hospital de Talca in the endoscopic treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Thirty four patients (22 male) with bleeding not originating from esophageal or gastric varices were treated with direct absolute alcohol injection into the bleeding lesions. The procedure was successful in 31 patients. Three of the 34 patients required surgery, but only one of those successfully sclerosed (97% success). There were no complications attributable to the procedure. It is concluded that this therapeutic modality must be implemented in places were gastrointestinal endoscopy is performed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Subperiostic lifting.

Usually in subcutaneous or muscular rejuvenation techniques, work is concentrated on the lateral regions of the face and particularly on the cheek and cervical area. However, results are poor in the temporoparietal area and are virtually nonexistent in the frontonasal area. By making a coronal incision and extending it into the preauricular area followed by a subperiosteal approach so as to free the frontonasal, orbital rim, and zygomaticomalar areas, we can completely mobilize the upper half of the face thus improving it aesthetically.

Eyebrows↗
PubMed1991

[Digestive diseases in the elderly].

This study was carried out in two phases. First a survey was done, interviewing 57 apparently healthy persons, who were older than 60 years. Information was collected about previous illnesses and any digestive symptoms. Then a prospective study was developed in 43 out patients seen previously in a gastroenterological centre (aged 60 or older). The frequency and type of digestive diseases for this group of patients was established. Nineteen (33.3%) of the former 57 patients from the survey referred frequent digestive discomfort, predominantly symptoms related to the upper gastrointestinal tract, like epigastric pain, meteorism, early satiety, abdominal distention and pyrosis. These symptoms could be in part expected due to the physiological changes seen in the elderly, mainly in the esophagus. In the prospective study, digestive diseases related to the upper gastrointestinal tract were the most common (46.5%), followed by diseases from the colon and rectum (23.2%) and those of the liver, biliar tract and pancreas (16.2%). Taking into account the high incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms in the elderly, we must make special efforts to extend and or complete studies related to the geriatric population in our country. We need to establish rules for the control, prevention and early detection of such illness in order to promote higher standard in the quality of the life of population which will increased considerably in the near future.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Ileorectal anastomosis: results of surgical treatment and evaluation of the intestinal function].

Ileo-rectal anastomosis was performed in 30 patients. Indication for surgery was ulcerative colitis in 12, cancer of colon in 10 and megacolon in 6. Mean age of patients was 47.8 years with an even sex distribution. Ileo-rectal anastomosis was performed simultaneously with total colectomy in elective patients (n = 18) and at a second stage, following transient terminal ileostomy in emergency cases (n = 12). An overall morbidity of 26% was observed: wound infection developed in 13%, prolonged ileus in 7%, intraabdominal abscess in 3% and fistula of the anastomosis in 3%. There was no mortality. After a mean follow up of 36 months there was no instance of incontinence, average number of daily intestinal evacuations was 2.4 (somewhat higher for patients with ulcerative colitis: 2.6 vs 2.1). We conclude that ileo-rectal anastomosis is a safe procedure with adequate functional results.

Adolescent↗