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Biomedical subjects

A Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to A Taniguchi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Gene structure and transcriptional regulation of human Gal beta1,4(3) GlcNAc alpha2,3-sialyltransferase VI (hST3Gal VI) gene in prostate cancer cell line.

We describe transcriptional regulation of the human Gal beta1,4(3) GlcNAc alpha2,3-sialyltransferase VI (hST3Gal VI) gene. The 5'-RACE results indicated that two mRNA forms differ only in the 5'-untranslated region (types 1 and 2). The genomic structure shows that the transcriptional regulation of type 1 and type 2 mRNA depends on the P1 and P2 promoters, respectively. Northern blots of RNA derived from various human tissues showed that the expression level of type 2 mRNA is higher than that of type 1 in the prostate. To elucidate the molecular basis of hST3Gal VI gene expression, we isolated and functionally characterized the genomic region containing the P1 and P2 promoters of hST3Gal VI. The activity of the P2 promoter is much higher than that of the P1 promoter in the prostate adenocarcinoma cell line PC-3. The results suggested that the hST3Gal VI gene is expressed specifically by alternative promoter utilization and is regulated in a tissue-restricted fashion at the level of transcription.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

Effects of bezafibrate on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in non-obese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of bezafibrate on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in 30 non-obese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients with hypertriglyceridemia (serum triglycerides > 150 mg/dL). Insulin sensitivity was measured with homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) proposed by Matthews et al. HOMA-B-cell function, proposed by Matthews et al validated against minimal model-derived insulin secretion, was used to assess pancreatic insulin function. Twenty-two patients were treated with glibenclimide and the rest were treated with diet alone. All patients were treated with bezafibrate (400 mg/d) for 3 months. There were no changes in diet and the dose of any medications used throughout the study. Fasting glucose, insulin, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and total cholesterol levels were measured before and after treatment of bezafibrate. After treatment of bezafibrate for 3 months, serum triglyceride levels significantly decreased from 277 +/- 30 to 139 +/- 9 mg/dL (P <.001) and serum HDL cholesterol levels increased significantly from 45 +/- 2 to 52 +/- 2 mg/dL (P =.003). Serum cholesterol level was unchanged during the study (198 +/- 7 v 201 +/- 7 mg/dL, P =.383). Fasting glucose (163 +/- 8 v 139 +/- 6 mg/dL, P =.006) significantly decreased after the treatment with bezafibrate. HbA1c levels decreased, although not statistically significant (7.50 +/- 0.25 v 7.17% +/- 0.19%, P =.147). On the other hand, fasting insulin (9.3 +/- 0.7 v 7.3 +/- 0.5 microU/mL, P =.010) and HOMA-IR (3.61 +/- 0.24 to 2.53 +/- 0.20, P <.001) levels decreased significantly after the treatment with bezafibrate. In contrast, HOMA-B-cell function did not change during the study (41.4 +/- 5.5 v 41.8 +/- 4.7, P =.478). There was no significant difference in body mass index (BMI) levels before and after the therapy (23.0 +/- 0.4 v 23.1 +/- 0.4 kg/m(2), P =.483). From these results, it can be concluded that bezafibrate reduces serum triglycerides, insulin resistance, and fasting blood glucose levels in non-obese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Genomic structure and transcriptional regulation of human Galbeta1,3GalNAc alpha2,3-sialyltransferase (hST3Gal I) gene.

Previous studies have shown that hST3Gal I mRNA is overexpressed in colorectal cancer tissues and primary breast carcinoma compared with nonmalignant or benign tissue, suggesting that the transcriptional regulation of hST3Gal I gene is altered during malignant transformation. We report transcriptional regulation of the hST3Gal I gene in colon adenocarcinoma and leukemia cell lines. To determine the genomic structure of the 5'-untranslated region, we cloned and identified the 5'-untranslated region of hST3Gal I from a human genome library. The 5'-untranslated region was found to be divided into three exons, namely, exons Y, X, and C1. The transcription initiation sites map at -1035 bp from the translation initiation site. Our results indicate that the transcriptional regulation of hST3Gal I depends on the pI promoter that exists 5'-upstream of exon Y in these cell lines. The results of luciferase assay suggest that the nt -304 to -145 region is important for transcriptional activity of hST3Gal I gene in both cell lines. The nt -304 to -145 region contains two sequences similar to the Sp1 recognition elements (GC-box) and one USF binding site. The results of site-directed mutagenesis indicated that the Sp1 binding sites and USF binding site of the pI promoter are involved in the transcription of hST3Gal I mRNA. However, the triple mutant of these sites still exhibits about 50% transcriptional activity, suggesting that there are other transcription factors involved in the transcription of hST3Gal I mRNA. These results suggest that these factors may play a critical role in the up-regulation of the hST3Gal I gene during malignant transformation.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2001

A new method for evaluating the bitterness of medicines by semi-continuous measurement of adsorption using a taste sensor.

We describe a new method for the evaluation of the bitterness of medicines by semi-continuous measurement of adsorption using a multichannel taste sensor or 'electric tongue'. The bitterness of 10 basic medicines was evaluated by both the taste sensor and in human gustatory sensation tests with 11 volunteers. The sensor part of the taste sensor consists of eight electrodes made of lipid/polymer membranes. Three variables were obtained from the taste sensor data: sensor output (S), the change of membrane potential caused by adsorption, corresponding to aftertaste (C), and the ratio C/S. These variables were used to predict an estimated bitterness score in multiple regression analysis. Semi-continuous measurement of C (every 30 s up to 150 s) was adopted as an additional explanatory variable, and the attenuation rate of C was defined as C'. These data were also subjected to multiple regression analysis. The correlation coefficient (r) estimated for the bitterness score predicted by the taste sensor, using C' for channel 2 and C/S for channel 4, and the score obtained by human gustatory sensation, was 0.824. This value was greater than that obtained using C/S for both channels 2 and 4 (0.734). The method described in the present study seems to offer good predictability for the evaluation of bitterness.

Adsorption↗
PubMed2001

Cerebral atrophy and convulsive seizures after recovery from cerebral edema and coma in a patient with fulminant hepatitis B.

We report a 48-year-old woman who developed convulsive seizures and cerebral atrophy after recovery from fulminant hepatitis B with coma and cerebral edema at the acute stage. Neurological disturbances and cerebral signs are rare sequelae of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF); only a few cases have reported in the literature. Cortical laminar necrosis secondary to cerebral edema or delayed neuronal death due to toxic substances may have caused delayed brain atrophy and epileptogenesis.

Atrophy↗
PubMed2001

[Anesthetic management for the correction of pectus excavatum using pectus bar under video-assistance].

We report anesthetic management for a child undergoing Nuss operation, a minimally invasive operation which requires neither cartilage incision nor its resection for correction of pectus excavatum. The patient was a 7-year-old boy with the funnel index 5 and the mediastinal shift to the left. General anesthesia with endotracheal intubation was induced and maintained with nitrous oxide, sevoflurane and fentanyl. Thoracic epidural anesthesia was used with 0.125% bupivacaine to supplement analgesia. When the curved bar was passed under the sternum with the aid of an endoscope, sinus tachycardia occurred and continued for 5 minutes but subsided without medication. Otherwise operative course was uneventful with negligible blood loss. After surgery, the patient was kept at bed rest for 2 days, receiving epidural patient-controlled analgesia combined with sedation with midazolam with good results. He was allowed to sit 3 days, to walk 5 days and discharged 10 days postoperatively.

Analgesia, Patient-Controlled↗
PubMed2001

[Perioperative management of a child with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus].

The key point in perioperative management of a patient with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is fluid and electrolytes management. Since the urine of these patients consists mainly of solute free water, replacement fluids should be fluids which provide free water. A 2-year-old girl with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus was scheduled for dental extraction. Her daily fluid intake was 10 liter. She had a history of recurrent fever, polyuria and polydipsia since 2 months of age. Her previous perioperative course for gastric volvulus at another hospital was complicated with postoperative hyponatremia and convulsion. A venous line was secured the day before surgery and 5% dextrose in water was infused at a rate of 12 ml.kg-1.hr-1. Intraoperative infusion was mainly with 5% dextrose in water combined with maintenance fluid. Five hours after surgery oral intake was started. Her intraoperative electrolytes levels were low (Na 133 mEq.l-1, K 2.8 mEq.l-1), but otherwise her perioperative course was uneventful.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed2001

[A questionnaire-based survey on the Internet concerning optimal timing for knee surgery in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis].

To investigate the differences between orthopedists and internists in indications for surgical management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a questionnaire-based survey was performed on the Internet with the presentation of a case of progressive RA along with serial X-ray films of the knee. Ninety-three doctors (43 orthopedists and 50 internists, average age: 49.2 years) answered the questionnaire. Most of the doctors who viewed the X-ray film showing Larsen's grade IV chose that as the optimal time for total knee arthroplasty. No difference was noted in their choice between orthopedists and internists. Opinions varied widely, however, among younger doctors, but there was agreement among older doctors, suggesting the effect of the study and experience. On the other hand, some doctors recommended arthroscopic synovectomy for knees in the earlier stages of RA, but others did not recommend the arthroscopic surgery itself. Although this new methodology might include possible biases, we believe it should be considered in the research of rheumatology.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed2001

[Recovery characteristics of propofol anesthesia in pediatric outpatients; comparison with sevoflurane anesthesia].

We compared recovery characteristics of propofol anesthesia with those of sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric outpatients. One hundred and four children, 3 months to 6 years of age, ASA physical status 1 or 2, were randomly assigned to following four groups; sevoflurane (group S), propofol (group P), sevoflurane with premedication (group MS), or propofol with premedication (group MP). Midazolam 0.5 mg.kg-1 and famotidine 1 mg.kg-1 were administered orally 30 min before the induction in the MS and MP group. Recovery from anesthesia, agitation, and postoperative pain were evaluated. The time intervals from the end of surgery to extubation and to discharge from the hospital were recorded. The incidence of vomiting and use of analgesic drugs were also checked. The emergence from anesthesia was slower with propofol anesthesia than with sevoflurane anesthesia, but the time to discharge from the hospital was not significantly different among the four groups. Incidence of agitation was higher in S group compared with P group, but there were no differences between MS and MP. Postoperative pain was similar among the four groups. There were no differences in the incidence of vomiting. Propofol anesthesia provided slower emergence and less agitation compared with sevoflurane anesthesia.

Anesthesia Recovery Period↗
PubMed2001

[Perioperative management of twins with prenatally diagnosed congenital diaphragmatic hernia].

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) occurs in one of every 2000-3000 births, and most of them are sporadic, and therefore recognized as a circumstantial event. But its occurrence in 85 children among the 40 families is also reported, and some reports suggest that an autosomal recessive gene may be responsible for this disease. We experienced identical twins (babies A and B) both with prenatally diagnosed CDH. They were delivered by emergent cesarean section at 33 weeks of gestation with birth weight of 1857 g and 1561 g, respectively. They were intubated immediately after birth, and ventilated with high frequency oscillation. Baby A presented persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn, and received nitric oxide inhalation. At the age of 2 days, both of them were stabilized and underwent repair of CDH. After the repair, baby A developed perforation of ileum, airway bleeding and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and needed 28 days before extubation. Baby B also developed ROP, but had no other problem, and the trachea was extubated at the age of 12 days. They are the seventh pair reported in the world literature.

Diseases in Twins↗