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Biomedical subjects

A Tandon

Publications and source records attributed to A Tandon.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Diagnostic potentialities of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in tuberculosis using purified tuberculin antigen.

Delayed hypersensitivity tests with tuberculin or purified tuberculin (PPD) have been used for detection of tuberculous infection. The present paper describes an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of PPD-antibodies in tuberculosis patients. The ELISA test was positive in nearly 80% of cases having bacteriological evidence of tuberculosis. The test could also detect PPD-antibodies in 66% of the cases not showing bacteriological evidence of tuberculosis. The potentiality of the test in the immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis is discussed.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1979

CELISA (complement-enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay) a new method for the estimation of complement fixing antibodies; its use for Chagas' disease.

A description is given of a new method for the estimation of complement fixing antibodies. This is a modification of the Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) to a Complement-Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (CILISA) using an anti-C3 conjugate. The method is independent of the haemolytic system. To test the sensitivity of CELISA, comparative studies were carried out with the Haemolytic Complement Fixation Test (CFT), indirect haemagglutination test and ELISA with sera from patients with Chagas' Disease. The results with CELISA showed significant correlations with CFT titers whereas no correlations were observed with the other serological tests.

Antibodies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of lithium on hepatic lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes under different dietary protein regimens.

Lithium in the form of lithium carbonate was administered at a dose level of 1.1 g kg(-1) food to rats fed normal (18% protein), low-protein (LP; 8%) and high-protein (HP; 30%) diets for a period of 1 month. A highly significant (53%) increase in the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) was observed in protein-deficient rats but this increase was marginal in rats fed an HP diet (18%). Lithium treatment of rats fed a normal diet caused a marked decrease (22%) in LPO. Lithium administration to rats fed an LP diet also reduced the raised levels of LPO to the extent of 16%. Furthermore, lithium treatment normalized the HP-induced increase in the levels of LPO. The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were reduced significantly in protein-deficient rats. On the other hand, an HP diet caused a decrease in SOD activity only. The activities of GPx and catalase were appreciably enhanced in lithium-treated rats. Lithium treatment to LP-fed rat markedly increased GPx activity and brought the decreased levels of SOD and catalase to within normal limits. Lithium administration to HP-fed rats did not cause any significant alteration in the activities of these antioxidative enzymes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum TNF-alpha and free radical scavengers in neonatal septicemia.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neonatal septicemia and its complications. This case control study was conducted between November 1996 to July 1997 to determine the levels of TNF-alpha and free radical scavengers viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the serum of 30 septic neonates and 20 healthy controls. Patients with neonatal sepsis registered significantly higher levels of TNF-alpha, SOD and GPX in comparison to controls (p < 0.05). The neonates with septic shock had five fold increase in TNF-alpha levels (2262 +/- 605.8 pg/ml) as compared to those without shock (738.8 +/- 728.8 pg/ml). There was no statistically significant difference in levels of antioxidant enzymes between neonates with shock and without shock. The levels of TNF-alpha and antioxidant enzymes were not affected by the type of organism isolated in blood culture.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in anti-oxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in hyaline membrane disease.

This study was conducted to elucidate the changes in key antioxidant enzymes e.g. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase and Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) along with lipid peroxidation (LPO) in preterm newborns having hyaline membrane disease (HMD) and thus to find out role of free radicals mediated injury in this disease. Twenty one preterm appropriate for gestational age newborns were included in the study. Eleven of them had hyaline membrane disease and ten were controls without any disease. Status of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase, the three main antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation was monitored at 12-24 hours of age. SOD and catalase were found significantly elevated in cases having hyaline membrane disease along with significantly more lipid peroxidation. It is evident that free radicals result in the induction of the antioxidant enzymes; however, the elevated enzymes are unable to counteract the high concentration of the free radicals which are being produced in the diseased cases and leads to increase in lipid peroxidation in hyaline membrane disease. It is concluded that free radicals play a significant role in hyaline membrane disease and the preterm newborns have ability to induce antioxidant enzymes in response to oxidative stress.

Catalase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the diagnosis of kala-azar in Bhadohi (Varanasi), India.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) developed using Leishmania donovani promastigote soluble antigen gave positive responses in practically all the clinically and parasitologically diagnosed patients with kala-azar in a preliminary study. Healthy control subjects from non-endemic and endemic areas gave negative results. No cross-reaction was observed with patients having leprosy, filariasis, malaria, tuberculosis, or amoebiasis. Blood samples collected on filter paper were adequate for the test. The test appears promising in the diagnosis of kala-azar.

Antibodies, Protozoan↗
PubMedDate not supplied

T cell subpopulations in amoebic liver abscess.

BACKGROUND: Cellular immunity may play a major role in the pathogenesis of amoebic liver abscess but there is little data on the effect of treatment on T cell subpopulations in such patients. METHODS: We performed a prospective, controlled study of the T lymphocyte subpopulations in 17 patients with amoebic liver abscess before, and at 4 and 8 weeks after treatment with metronidazole (30 mg/kg/day). T4 and T8 cells were studied using monoclonal antibodies by the alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase staining technique. RESULTS: The mean T4 cell percentages in the acute stage of illness and at 4 and 8 weeks after treatment were 27, 26 and 27 respectively and the mean T8 cell percentages were 19, 24 and 29. The T4:T8 ratio at the acute stage was 1.7, and 1.1 and 1.2 at 4 and 8 weeks of therapy. The T4:T8 ratio at the acute stage did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) from that in the control group. However, at 4 and 8 weeks after therapy there was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the T8 cells with no significant change in the T4 cells. CONCLUSION: We suggest that sensitization of the T8 cells occurs in patients with amoebic liver abscess in the later phase of the disease. This may be responsible for the elimination of the parasite from the human host.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Needle aspiration in large amoebic liver abscess.

The role of percutaneous needle aspiration for therapy of uncomplicated, large amoebic liver abscess (ALA) is not defined. Twenty nine patients of ALA with a cavity larger than 5 cm were randomised to two groups: (i) metronidazole 800 mg tid for 10 days combined with needle aspiration (group A, n = 15) and (ii) metronidazole therapy alone (group B, n = 14). Clinical parameters, viz, fever, pain and abdominal tenderness were recorded daily and graded 0 to 3 (in order of increasing severity). A statistically significant benefit was demonstrated in group A for clinical parameters evaluated. Group A patients took less time to become afebrile from the grade 2 level as compared to group B (3.8 +/- 1.7 days and 5.6 +/- 2.2 days respectively; p < 0.05). Reduction in pain intensity and abdominal tenderness from grade 2 to 1 also occurred earlier in group A (0.7 +/- 0.7 days vs 2.9 +/- 0.9 days for pain, P < 0.001 and 1.7 +/- 0.8 days vs 2.9 +/- 1.2 days for abdominal tenderness, p < 0.001). The mean duration of hospitalization was significantly shorter in group A as compared to group B (5.8 +/- 0.8 days vs 7.4 +/- 1.5 days, p < 0.001). Improvement in haematological and biochemical variables was similar in both groups. We conclude that percutaneous therapeutic needle aspiration of uncomplicated, large ALA hastens clinical recovery.

Adult↗