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Biomedical subjects

A Takagi

Publications and source records attributed to A Takagi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Long-term endoscopic follow-up for peptic ulcer patients after eradication of H. pylori; comparison with the maintainance therapy by H2-blocker].

This study was aimed to clarify the endoscopic findings and the decline of serum IgG titer after successful eradication of H. pylori in long-term (from 2 to 7 years). Forty-six H. pylori-positive peptic ulcer (22 GU and 26 DU) cases were eradicated with antimicrobial therapy. Sixty-nine non-eradicated DU cases who received maintainance therapy with H2-blocker were control group. Biopsy urease test (BUT) and culturing was performed to diagnose the H. pylori infection. Anti-H. pylori IgG titer (EIA) were also measured in some cases, pre and 6, 12, 24 months after the eradication. In 3 cases, H. pylori were recrudescent and only in a case, DU recurred during 5 years after eradication. Meanwhile, in 55% of control cases, DU were recurred during same periods. In 62% of eradicated cases, serum IgG-antibody to H. pylori declined below the cut-off level during 2 years after eradication. It was certified that eradication therapy against H. pylori prevents ulcer recurrence for long time, and re-rise of serum IgG titer to H. pylori might predict a recrudescence of infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Significance of angiographic haziness at the distal stent edge: analysis by intravascular ultrasound and quantitative coronary angiography].

Haziness on coronary angiograms has been interpreted as thrombogenic morphologies such as dissection or thrombus. Haziness is often seen at distal sites following stent deployment. To clarify the pathophysiology of distal haziness of coronary stenting, we performed intravascular ultrasonography (3.5F, 30 MHz) after implantation of 48 Palmaz-Schatz stents in 45 patients. Haziness was defined visually as a reduction in contrast density or an indistinct vessel border. The luminal diameter and videodensitometry score were measured at the distal edge of the stent and distal adjacent segment by quantitative coronary angiography. Luminal diameter and lumen area were measured by intravascular ultrasound. The distal/in-stent ratio was calculated for each measurement to assess the magnitude of the vessel tapering and the reduction in contrast density. Haziness was found in 18 vessels. Qualitative intravascular ultrasound determined dissections (n = 5) and irregular shapes of the lumen compressed by heavy calcium (n = 3) in the hazy vessels. There were no specific morphologies in the other 10 cases. Distal/in-stent ratio of the videodensitometry score was significantly smaller in hazy vessels, but quantitative coronary angiography could not distinguish hazy arteries with dissection or calcium from arteries without specific morphologies. The distal/in-stent ratio of the lumen area (< 0.8) and lumen area at the distal segment (< 5 mm2) were markedly smaller in the 'hazy' group without specific morphologies. Dissection, heavy calcium, and luminal reduction can cause a hazy appearance at the distal stent edge. Quantitative coronary angiography could quantify the haziness, but could not distinguish the morphologies of the vessel wall. Only intravascular ultrasound could assess the pathophysiology of hazy vessels after coronary stenting.

Calcium↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of prednisolone on apoptosis and cellular infiltration in mdx mouse muscle].

Myonuclear apoptosis might precede the muscular degeneration of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. We examined influence of prednisolone (PSL) on apoptosis in the skeletal muscle of mdx mouse. Amount of apoptotic nuclei of the tibial anterior or quadriceps muscle was assessed by Tdt-mediated dUTP biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method. When nuclei were classed into myonuclei and interstitial ones, apoptotic nuclei were observed mainly in the latter. In comparison between 7 and 33 week-old mice, interstitial apoptosis increased with age in both control and PSL group. Treatment with PSL decreased number of interstitial apoptotic nuclei. To the contrary, apoptotic myonuclei were increased with PSL treatment. Treatment with PSL significantly reduced focal accumulation of infiltrating mononuclear cells, possibly contributing to the suppression of muscle degeneration. Relationship between decrease of interstitial apoptosis and reduced cellular infiltration was unclear yet. Present study showed that PSL differently affected apoptosis between muscle cells and their interstitium.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Oxidative DNA damage and cell proliferation in kidneys of male and female rats during 13-weeks exposure to potassium bromate (KBrO3).

It has been assumed that oxidative damage, including formation of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) adducts in kidney DNA due to potassium bromate (KBrO3), a renal carcinogen to both sexes of rats, is involved in its mechanisms of tumor induction. However, despite the presumed existence of a repair enzyme(s) for 8-OHdG, there have been no reports demonstrating the changes in adduct levels during medium- or long-term exposure. To elucidate the actual kinetics regarding this parameter during the early stages of KBrO3 carcinogenesis, we measured 8-OHdG levels in kidney DNA together with cell proliferation in renal tubules in both sexes of rats receiving KBrO3 at a dose of 500 ppm in the drinking water for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 13 weeks. Rapid elevation of 8-OHdG levels was noted in treated male rats which persisted until the end of the experiment. Increased cell proliferation in the proximal convoluted tubules was also observed throughout the experimental period, concomitant with alpha2mu-globulin accumulation. Increase in 8-OHdG levels in treated females first became apparent 3 weeks after the start of exposure, with cell proliferation only elevated at the 13-week time point. The present study, employing the same route and dose of KBrO3 known to cause tumors, strongly suggested the requirement of persistent increase of 8-OHdG for neoplastic conversion. Moreover, a clear sex difference in susceptibility to generation of oxidative stress in kidney DNA was found, in addition to alpha2mu-globulin-dependent variation in cell proliferation in the renal tubules.

8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine↗
PubMed1998

A gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue impairs glucose tolerance in a diabetic patient.

Changes in serum glucose levels were examined in a female with insulin-independent diabetes who received a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog treatment for pelvic endometriosis. The mean blood glucose levels were higher on busereline therapy, and higher levels of hemoglobin A1c were noted on busereline therapy (range 6.9-12.5%) versus pre- and post-treatment (range 5.1-5.9%). Hormonal alteration induced by GnRH analog treatment may impair glucose tolerance.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Drastic elevation of serum CA125, CA72-4 and CA19-9 levels during menses in a patient with probable endometriosis.

Levels of CA125, CA72-4 and CA19-9, serum markers for ovarian cancer, were measured throughout menstrual cycles in a patient with probable pelvic endometriosis. The patient had CA125 levels >1000 U ml(-1), CA72-4>10 U ml(-1) and CA19-9>150 U ml(-1) during but not after menses (P<0.01). In luteal phase and premenstrual phase, the levels of these markers seemed to return normal ranges, although CA125 remained over the upper normal limit. Knowledge that a physiological elevation of these markers may occur during menses might avoid misinterpretation.

Adnexal Diseases↗
PubMed1998

Anastomotic aneurysms after surgical treatment of Takayasu's arteritis: a 40-year experience.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical characteristics of anastomotic aneurysms that develop in surgically treated patients with Takayasu's arteritis. METHODS: Among 103 patients with Takayasu's arteritis treated surgically over 40 years, 91 patients with 259 anastomoses (allowing for exclusion of 12 operative deaths) participated in follow-up study from 1 month to 37.3 years with a mean value +/- SEM of 17.3 +/- 1.1 years with a follow-up completion rate of 93% at 30 years. The clinical characteristics of anastomotic aneurysms were clarified, and the influences of several factors (sites of anastomoses, occlusive or aneurysmal disease, suture material, preoperative systemic inflammation, and administration of corticosteroids) on formation of anastomotic aneurysms were analyzed by means of life-table method and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-two uninfected anastomotic aneurysms were found among 14 patients (22 of 259 anastomoses, 8.5%). The interval between the previous operation and diagnosis varied from 1.6 to 30 years with a mean value +/- SEM of 9.8 +/- 1.8 years. The cumulative incidence of anastomotic aneurysm at 20 years was 12.0%. Systemic inflammation or steroid administration had little influence on formation of anastomotic aneurysm. Instead, anastomotic aneurysm tended to occur after operations for aneurysmal lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Anastomotic aneurysm can occur anytime after operations for Takayasu's arteritis. The development of anastomotic aneurysm is not influenced by any factor specific to this disease except the presence of an aneurysmal lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Nondissection method for tibial bypass surgery using Esmarch's rubber bandage or an automatic sequential pneumatic tourniquet: long-term results.

It is suspected that operative injury to the native arteries during a vascular bypass procedure causes periarterial fibrosis contributing to late graft failure. A a nondissection method for tibial artery bypass has been developed using Esmarch's rubber bandage or an automatic sequential pneumatic tourniquet. This retrospective study examined patency and other late results in distal bypass operations using the nondissection method. Between June 1982 and July 1995, 78 tibial bypasses were performed using reversed autogenous saphenous vein grafts in 70 patients (57 men, 13 women; mean age 57.4 years). Graft patency was assessed angiographically. When a stenotic lesion was recognized, the graft was revised and considered an assisted primary patency. Primary patency rates at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years were 82.8%, 75.3%, 63.4% and 63.4%, respectively, by life-table analysis. Six grafts required revision for stenosis; one involved distal anastomotic stenosis. As a result, assisted primary patency rates resembled secondary patency rates of 87.7%, 84.3%, 80.3%, and 80.3% at the same respective intervals. In conclusion, the nondissection method improved long-term patency by preventing late distal anastomotic stenosis.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1998

In vivo fate of folate-BSA in non-tumor- and tumor-bearing mice.

KB tumor cells exhibit an increased number of folate receptors on their membrane. This receptor has been proposed as a promising target for tumor drug targeting. Therefore, the disposition of folate-conjugated bovine serum albumin (folate-BSA) was examined as a model system for drug targeting. Nude mice which had received KB tumor cell transplants were given bolus intravenous administration of either 111In-labeled folate-BSA (111In-folate-BSA; 1 mg/kg) or unmodified 111In-BSA (111In-BSA; 1 mg/kg). The disposition characteristics and pharmacokinetics of 111In-folate-BSA were compared with those of the 111In-BSA as a control. The half-life of the beta-phase of 111ln-folate-BSA in plasma was 140 min. The tumor uptake rate index for 111In-folate-BSA was 0.46 microL/min/g, and that for 111In-BSA was 0.32 microL/min/g. This index of 111In-folate-BSA was slightly higher than that of 111In-BSA in vivo, by a factor of 1.4. In vivo experiments showed folate-BSA has a relatively long plasma duration. 111In-folate-BSA also showed selective distribution to tumors, but not as great as recent results from in vitro experiments. Therefore, the low vascular permeability of BSA into solid tumor tissue and inhibition of folate-mediated 111In-folate-BSA uptake by tumor cells from the blood may be the rate-limiting factor of distribution.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Identification of homozygous lipoprotein lipase gene mutation in a woman with recurrent aggravation of hypertriglyceridaemia induced by pregnancy.

We herein report a case of a 40-year-old Japanese woman (patient IT) with a history of recurrent aggravation of hypertriglyceridaemia, pancreatitis and miscarriages in three previous pregnancies. However, strict dietary intervention was applied during a fourth pregnancy. As a result, acute pancreatitis was avoided, and the patient gave birth to a healthy infant. In patient IT, the underlying etiology of the recurrent aggravation of hypertriglyceridaemia during pregnancy was a lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene aberration. She was homozygous for LPL deficiency due to a nonsense mutation (TGG1401 --> TGA/Trp382 --> Stop) in exon 8 of the LPL gene, which resulted in the absence of LPL activity and immunoreactive LPL mass. Our findings indicate that, in LPL deficiency, pregnancy seriously exacerbates hypertriglyceridaemia and increases the risk of acute pancreatitis, which endangers both the mother and fetus. Early diagnosis of LPL deficiency and appropriate management thereof are essential for normal childbirth.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1998

Establishment and characterisation of a monoclonal antibody to inhibit adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to gastric epithelial cells.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that inhibit adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to human gastric cancer (MKN45) cells were established to clarify the mechanism of adhesion of H. pylori. Of 53 hybridoma clones screened by the primary inhibition assay for adhesion, MAb A20 of IgM class was selected on the basis of both its reactivity to whole cells of H. pylori by ELISA and its inhibitory effect on adhesion of H. pylori. The adhesion of H. pylori strain TK1029 to MKN45 cells was inhibited by MAb A20, depending on the concentration of the MAb. The MAb recognised the surface antigen, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of H. pylori, suggesting that LPS is associated with adhesion of H. pylori to human gastric epithelial cells.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1998

Lactic acid-mediated suppression of Helicobacter pylori by the oral administration of Lactobacillus salivarius as a probiotic in a gnotobiotic murine model.

OBJECTIVES: We examined whether or not the lactobacilli administered to treat Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection can suppress the colonization of H. pylori, and we also sought to elucidate the mechanism of such suppression. METHODS: We used an in vitro culture system and an H. pylori-infected gnotobiotic murine model. RESULTS: Among the lactobacillus species examined in vitro, Lactobacillus salivarius (L. salivarius) but not L. casei or L. acidophilus proved to be capable of producing a high amount of lactic acid and thus completely inhibiting the growth of H. pylori in a mixed culture. The validity of L. salivarius as a probiotic to suppress H. pylori and thus reduce the inflammatory response was again confirmed in vivo by using an H. pylori-infected gnotobiotic murine model. CONCLUSION: Based on our findings, L. salivarius was found to be a potentially effective probiotic against H. pylori.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Evidence for tight coupling of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor to stimulated Fas ligand expression in reproductive tract tumors: possible mechanism for hormonal control of apoptotic cell death.

Fas ligand induces cell death by means of apoptosis in a variety of cell types when cross-linked with its natural receptor, Fas. GnRH receptor-bearing tumors undergo apoptosis in vivo and in vitro with GnRH agonists. To provide a potential association of the Fas system with the antiproliferative signaling process of GnRH receptor, we have evaluated the regulation of Fas ligand expression in GnRH receptor-positive tumors and cloned cell lines known to have substantial GnRH receptors. Surgically removed uterine endometrial carcinomas and ovarian carcinomas had been screened for GnRH receptor expression before analysis. Fas ligand protein was characterized by immunoblotting of membrane proteins with the specific antibody. Fas ligand messenger RNA was determined by RT-PCR using oligonucleotide primers synthesized according to the published Fas ligand sequence. Incubation with a GnRH analog (1 mumol/L) induced the expression of Fas ligand messenger RNA and immuno-reactive Fas ligand with a lag time of 48 h in cloned cell lines (endometrial carcinoma HHUA cells, and ovarian carcinoma SK-OV-3 and Caov-3 cells). There was no detectable Fas ligand expression within 24 h. The stimulatory effect of GnRH on Fas ligand protein expression revealed a dose dependency; a half-maximal effect occurred with 10 nmol/L GnRH analog (P < 0.01). The stimulated Fas ligand expression could be neutralized by displacement of GnRH from its receptor by GnRH antagonist antide. Cells isolated from GnRH receptor-bearing ovarian carcinomas and uterine endometrial carcinomas gave identical results to those obtained in cloned cell lines. These data demonstrate the functional coupling of stimulated Fas ligand expression to GnRH receptor activation. Increased Fas ligand level within the GnRH receptor-bearing tumors might promote apoptotic cell death through attack on intratumoral Fas-positive cells that could, at least in part, account for the antiproliferative action of the hormone.

Apoptosis↗