Biomedical subjects

A T Panter

Publications and source records attributed to A T Panter.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

Service needs and factors related to quality of life at time of service enrollment among persons living with HIV.

This article explores the relationships of HIV risk factors, service needs, and vulnerabilities to health-related quality of life in a sample of 1,371 participants newly enrolled into 13 innovative HIV/AIDS treatment model service demonstration projects. These projects targeted services to traditionally underserved populations. Eight distinct quality of life clusters of HIV patients were used in this analysis along with patient self-identified risk factors. The quality of life clusters were based on patient self-reported quality of life dimensions. The eight clusters were differentiated based on relative strengths and weaknesses in physical functioning, energy levels, and social functioning. Data on patient need-vulnerability factors and demographic characteristics were related to these eight clusters using the data modeling method of Exhaustive CHAID (Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector). Through this method, the characteristics most likely to be associated with higher and lower levels of quality of life at the time of enrollment into services were identified. The results provide further support that quality of life assessment is a useful clinical tool for monitoring patient progress.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Effects of HIV/AIDS education and training on patient care and provider practices: a cross-cutting evaluation.

Initial and continuing training in HIV/AIDS service provision is a critical way to enable the nation's health providers to use state-of-the-art developments and perspectives. Typically, the efficacy of HIV/AIDS training programs is evaluated using assessments administered to trainees immediately following the training. This study reports cross-cutting findings from telephone interviews conducted with 218 trainees an average of 8 months after training. Long-term training effects are examined in three domains: (a) general perspectives on HIV/AIDS; (b) health care provider service provision; and (c) changes in procedures and operations at the health care system level. The findings show the different ways that the training experience had long-term positive and observable effects in these three domains. In some cases, background characteristics and job positions predicted the specific type of reported training effects. The pattern of results suggests ways in which training methods can be targeted to specific audiences.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed2000

Do characteristics of HIV/AIDS education and training affect perceived training quality? Lessons from the evaluation of seven projects.

Initial and continuing HIV/AIDS education and training has been a critical way to bring the nation's health providers up to date on emerging developments and approaches. This study reports cross-cutting findings from seven HIV/AIDS education and training projects. Trainers described over 600 training sessions from these projects in terms of their structural characteristics and design elements, while trainees described these sessions on several dimensions related to training quality. Training characteristics were compared to trainee assessments of training quality. Using a decision-tree analytic approach for major training attributes, considerable support emerged for links between training characteristics and perceived quality of the HIV/AIDS training experience. More favorable quality ratings were associated with certain projects, the training setting, the types of trainees served by the training, the intended training impact, discussion of special populations, and training methods involving interactive learning. With increased knowledge regarding how these educational experiences relate to the ways they are perceived and processed, more targeted approaches to training design on HIV/AIDS can be developed.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Risk factors and characteristics of youth living with, or at high risk for, HIV.

Over 8,000 adolescents and young adults (4,111 males; 4,085 females) reported on several HIV-related risk behaviors during enrollment into 10 service demonstration projects targeted to youth living with, or at risk for, HIV. Distinct risk patterns emerged by gender when predicting HIV serostatus (versus unknown serostatus/negative serostatus). Males who had injection drug risk histories, had sex with an HIV positive partner, had sexually transmitted diseases, had sex with males, and/or were homeless had an inflated risk of being HIV positive. Females who engaged in sex with an HIV partner, had sex with an injection drug user, and/or had sexually transmitted diseases, were at the highest HIV risk. For both samples, engaging in sex with women reduced the likelihood of HIV positive status. Very basic information about risk factors obtained at service intake offers important information about HIV status of "high risk" youth presenting for care in community programs, as well as suggests clear risk factors for targeted preventive efforts.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Systems change resulting from HIV/AIDS education and training. A cross-cutting evaluation of nine innovative projects.

An evaluation of nine diverse HIV/AIDS training programs assessed the degree to which the programs produced changes in the ways that health care systems deliver HIV/AIDS care. Participants were interviewed an average of 8 months following completion of training and asked for specific examples of a resulting change in their health care system. More than half of the trainees gave at least one example of a systems change. The examples included the way patient referrals are made, the manner in which agency collaborations are organized, and the way care is delivered.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

A typology of service patterns in end-stage AIDS care: relationships to the transprofessional model.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship among 11 types of home health care services for patients with HIV/AIDS and to develop a terminal-care, service-usage profile of persons receiving such services. Services include the number of psychiatric nurse visits, Medical Social Work (MSW) visits, evaluation visits, physical therapy visits, occupational therapy visits, homemaker visits, home health aide visits, public health nurse visits, registered nurse (RN) visits, Licensed Vocational Nurse (LVN) visits, and Intravenous (i.v.) nurse visits. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SETTING: Data were collected on 549 AIDS patients admitted for medical/surgical home-care services to the Visiting Nurse Association of Los Angeles (VNA-LA). The service utilization data were collected from the VNA-LA's computerized data system. STUDY DESIGN: The relationship among the service types was evaluated with principal component analysis. A service-usage profile was developed for patients using cluster analysis. To control for the variability in the amount of time that patients were on service, the number of days that patients were in the VNA-LA program and were actually receiving services was included as a factor that yielded a variable reflecting the number of each type of service that a patient received per day. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Five components were found to best describe the relationships among the service-type variables. These were identified as being: the Number of Evaluation Visits, the Number of Intensive Nursing Visits, the Number of Physical Therapy Visits, the Number of Psychosocial Visits, and the Number of Attendant Visits. Patients were found to cluster into 1 of 5 groups based on the type of service utilization profile that they received. The variables that appeared to have the most influence on this profile were the number of home health aide visits per day that the patient received, the number of RN visits that were made, the number of i.v. nurse visits that were provided, and the number of LVN visits that were made. CONCLUSIONS: Terminally ill AIDS patients receiving home health care services can be identified as having a service utilization profile. This profile can be used to evaluate more precisely the service areas in which costs for patient services differ. Individually assigned to an experimental Transprofessional Model of care had a different service utilization profile than those assigned to a Traditional Model of care.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1997

Factor analytic approaches to personality item-level data.

Factor analysis models have played a central role in formulating conceptual models in personality and personality assessment, as well as in empirical examinations of personality measurement instruments. Yet, the use of item-level data presents special problems for factor analysis, applications. In this article, we review recent developments in factor analysis that are appropriate for the type of item-level data often collected in personality. Included in this review are discussions of how these developments have been addressed in the context of two different (but formally related) statistical models item response theory (IRT: Hambleton, Swaminathan, & Rogers, 1991) and structural, equation modeling (Bollen 1989) for item-level data. We also discuss the relevance of item scaling in the context of these models. Using the restandardization data for the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Scale (cf. Butcher, Dahlstrom, Graham, Tellegen, & Kaemmer, 1989), we show brief examples of the utility of these approaches to address basic questions about responses to personality scale items regarding: (a) scale, dimensionality and general item properties, (b) the "appropriateness" of the observed responses, and (c) differential item functioning across subsamples. implications for analyses of personality item-level data in the IRT and factor analytic traditions are discussed.

Journal Article↗