Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Szadowska.
The synthesis of tricyclic system ring, 9,10-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-b] [1,4]benzoxazepine, and its derivatives is described. Some of the chemical and pharmacological properties of these compounds are also reported.
Alkylation of 4-hydroxycinnolines using ethyl bromoacetate resulted in N2-substituted acetic acids. These acids were converted to esters and amides. Some of the obtained acids were reduced with zinc dust to give 4-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-cinnolineacetic acids. Several of the compounds were tested for their effect on central nervous system.
The antiproliferative activity of two new somatostatin (SS) analogs: ASS-51 and ASS-52 have been tested in this study. We assessed their ability to inhibit the DNA synthesis in normal colon crypt cells and in the cells of chemically (dimethylhydrazine)-induced colon cancer in the rats. The incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrDU) into appropriate cell nuclei was used as an index of DNA synthesis. It was found that: 1) Only ASS-51 significantly decreases the colon crypt cell proliferation in the rat when compared to controls. Since both analogs were previously shown to inhibit GH release, these data indicate that the antiproliferogenic effect of ASS-51 is independent of the inhibition of GH release. 2) Both examined analogs did not significantly effect the BrDU incorporation into cell nuclei of chemically-induced colon cancer.
The cytological features of 18 myxoid liposarcomas from 12 patients were analysed. The most consistent cytological features were: abundant myxoid matrix, several small tissue fragments with uniform small, round or stellate cells and a network of branching thin-walled capillaries. The presence of univacoulated or multivacuolated lipoblasts was noted frequently, but not in all aspirates. The diagnostic importance of vacuolated lipoblasts and the main problems of differential cytodiagnosis are discussed.
The effects of tripeptide colon mitosis inhibitor (CMI, pGlu-His-Gly-OH) on the proliferation of tumoral cells of dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colonic cancers in rats were studied. Additionally, the effects of CMI on hyperplastic colonic crypts in DMH-treated rats and on normal colonic crypts in carcinogen-untreated rats were estimated. As an index of the cell proliferation the incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrDU) into cell nuclei was used. It was found that the tripeptide significantly suppressed the proliferation of the colonic crypts in normal, carcinogen-untreated rats. However, it failed to suppress the cell proliferation of DMH-induced colonic adenocarcinomas or adenomas and produced only a slight, statistically insignificant decrease of the BrDU labelling index in hyperplastic colonic mucosa of DMH-treated rats. These findings suggest that the process of carcinogenesis might 'switch off' the local negative control of the colonic cell proliferation exerted by endogenous CMI.
Striking differences were found between different histological types of breast cancer when 263 invasive breast carcinomas were tested for nuclear p53 accumulation in formaldehyde-fixed paraffin sections. Nuclear p53 accumulation was found in > 10% of tumor cells in 61% of medullary carcinomas (22/36), 37% of grade 3 ductal not otherwise specified carcinomas (32/86), 4% of lobular carcinomas (2/47), and 0% (0/7) of mucinous carcinomas. Strong cytoplasmic p53 staining was noted in 32% of lobular carcinomas. High percentages of medullary and high-grade ductal breast carcinomas accumulate nuclear p53, but these tumors have favorable and poor prognoses, respectively. Thus, whereas nuclear p53 accumulation can be associated in these tumors with high morphological malignancy grades in general and with tumor cell proliferation in particular, p53 accumulation is not necessarily correlated with biological aggressiveness. Overall incidence of p53-positive tumors in a particular series of breast carcinomas (in our study 28%) will depend on the ratio of ductal not otherwise specified, medullary, and lobular carcinomas.
Cathepsin D expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 59 node-negative and 77 node-positive infiltrative ductal not otherwise specified (NOS) breast carcinomas and compared with overall survival at 90 months. Cancer cells in 60% (81/136) of the tumors expressed cathepsin D. In the stroma of 33% (18 of 55) cathepsin D negative tumors, numerous strongly cathepsin D positive, benign macrophage-like cells were found. Multivariate analysis showed no significant correlation of cathepsin D expression and overall survival for all patients for node-negative and node-positive patients and for patients with vimentin-positive and -negative tumors. However, in node-negative but not in node-positive patients, a trend for better survival for patients with cathepsin-positive vimentin-negative tumors and worse survival for those with cathepsin-positive vimentin-positive tumors was noted. Due to the low number of patients in these subgroups, neither trend reached significance. Cathepsin D expression was independent of patient age, size, and histologic grade of tumor, and vimentin expression. However, in the node-positive group, negative correlation of cathepsin D and vimentin expression was found. We suggest that prognostic significance of cathepsin D in infiltrative ductal NOS breast carcinomas may be associated with the pathway of its synthesis rather than with its mere presence in tumor cells.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
A series of 34 cases of soft tissue tumours of possible muscle origin was studied immunohistochemically using different antibodies. Tissue specimens and/or aspirates from fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) were examined. The results indicate that immunohistochemistry is a valuable tool in differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumours, improving diagnostic accuracy in 83.5% of the examined cases. Desmin expression confirmed muscle differentiation of tumours in 47.6% of diagnostically difficult cases. The application of immunohistochemistry may be especially helpful in rendering the diagnosis of tumour type more precise when a needle aspirate is the only available diagnostic material.
One hundred thirty three cases of primary breast cancer were analyzed for estrogen receptors (ERs) by two different techniques: monoclonal ER immunocytochemical assay (ER-ICA) and ER enzyme immunoassay (ER-EIA). The overall concordance between ER-ICA and ER-EIA was 89.5% despite the semiquantitative nature of the immunocytochemical evaluations. There was a significant correlation between these two methods in linear regression analysis. The correlations were evident both for ER detection on frozen sections as well, as on fine needle aspirates. Correlations between histoscores calculated independently by three pathologists might overcome the objections of subjectivity of ER-ICA evaluations. The results suggest that ER-ICA can be useful in assessing ERs in breast cancer, especially in small primary tumours, primary inoperable breast cancer, recurrences and metastases.
Ten new 3-(o-, 3-(m- and 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-5-benzylidene derivatives of 2-thiohydantoin were obtained. Their IR spectra were recorded. The obtained compounds were tested for anticonvulsant activity using the test of minimal and maximal pentetrazol shock in mice, and the MES test in rats.
The synthesis and biological activity of a series of 4,5-dihydro-1H-2,4-benzodiazepine is reported. The structure-activity relationship of these new compounds was studied based on X-ray investigations. Pharmacological investigations have shown that the compounds exert depressive action on the central nervous system and exhibit weak neuroleptic activity.
Intermediate filament (IF) typing of tumor cells with monoclonal antibodies was applied to 403 fine-needle aspirates. In 271 cases specific cytologic diagnosis of tumor type was apparent from clinical data and light microscopic study alone. Intermediate filament typing confirmed the tumor type in 262 cases and changed an erroneous cytologic diagnosis of major tumor type in nine cases. In a second group of 132 difficult cases, where the tumor type could not be revealed with certainty, IF typing confirmed the cytologic suggestion of tumor type in 50 cases, changed it in nine cases, and helped resolve ambiguities in cytologic diagnosis in 59 cases. It did not help in 14 cases. Thus IF typing adds independent objective differentiation specific information to descriptive tumor typing currently used in aspiration cytologic study. When combined with the morphologic analysis of tumor cells and clinical information it can refine the cytologic diagnosis of major tumor types and prevent error.
The clinico-morphological features in 13 patients (nine female) with neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin are presented. The mean age was 64.9 years. The limbs were the most common site of primary tumour, followed by the face. The clinical course was characterized by a high incidence of regional lymph node metastases (69%) and recurrences (46%). Seven of the patients died of tumour, with a mean survival time of 13 months. Histologically, a solid pattern of tumour growth was most common. The cells were usually small and uniform. Squamous cell differentiation was found in one tumour. The cell of all tumours reacted positively for cytokeratins and neuron-specific enolase. The positive reaction frequently had a ball-like globular pattern, corresponding to inclusion-like bodies seen on light microscopy and to paranuclear whorls of intermediate filaments observed on electron microscopy. Neurosecretory granules were seen on electron microscopy in the 11 cases examined and in one case a 'Luse body' was found in the intercellular space.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.